Reduced dimension modeling of leading edge turbulent interaction noise

A computational aeroacoustics approach is used to model the effects of real airfoil geometry on leading edge turbulent interaction noise for symmetric airfoils at zero angle of attack. For the first time, one-component (transverse), two-component (transverse and streamwise), and three-component (transverse, streamwise, and spanwise) synthesized turbulent disturbances are modeled instead of single frequency transverse gusts, which previous computational studies of leading edge noise have been confined to. The effects of the inclusion of streamwise and spanwise disturbances on the noise are assessed, and it is shown that accurate noise predictions for symmetric airfoils can be made by modeling only the transverse disturbances, which reduces the computational expense of simulations. Additionally, the two-component turbulent synthesis method is used to model the effects of airfoil thickness on the noise for thicknesses ranging from 2% to 12%. By using sufficient airfoil thicknesses to show trends, it is found that airfoil thickness will reduce the noise at high frequency, and that the sound power P will reduce linearly with increasing airfoil thickness

Cross-Kerr-based information transfer processes

The realization of nonclassical states is an important task for many applications of quantum information processing. Usually, properly tailored interactions, different from goal to goal, are considered in order to accomplish specific tasks within the general framework of quantum state engineering. In this paper we remark on the flexibility of a cross-Kerr nonlinear coupling in hybrid systems as an important ingredient in the engineering of nonclassical states. The general scenario we consider is the implementation of high cross-Kerr nonlinearity in cavity-quantum electrodynamics. In this context, we discuss the possibility of performing entanglement transfer and swapping between a qubit and a continuous-variable state. The recently introduced concept of entanglement reciprocation is also considered and shown to be possible with our scheme. We reinterpret some of our results in terms of applications of a generalized Ising interaction to systems of different nature.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, RevTeX

Melting of Quasi-Two-Dimensional Charge Stripes in La5/3Sr1/3NiO4

Commensurability effects for nickelates have been studied by the first neutron experiments on La5/3Sr1/3NiO4. Upon cooling, this system undergoes three successive phase transitions associated with quasi-two-dimensional (2D) commensurate charge and spin stripe ordering in the NiO$_2$ planes. The two lower temperature phases (denoted as phase II and III) are stripe lattice states with quasi-long-range in-plane charge correlation. When the lattice of 2D charge stripes melts, it goes through an intermediate glass state (phase I) before becoming a disordered liquid state. This glass state shows short-range charge order without spin order, and may be called a "stripe glass" which resembles the hexatic/nematic state in 2D melting.Comment: 10 pages, RevTex, 4 figures available on request to [email protected]

Numerical comparison between Maxwell stress method and equivalent multipole approach for calculation of the dielectrophoretic force in octupolar cell traps

This work presents detailed numerical calculations of the dielectrophoretic force in octupolar traps designed for single-cell trapping. A trap with eight planar electrodes is studied for spherical and ellipsoidal particles using an indirect implementation of the boundary element method (BEM). Multipolar approximations of orders one to three are compared with the full Maxwell stress tensor (MST) calculation of the electrical force on spherical particles. Ellipsoidal particles are also studied, but in their case only the dipolar approximation is available for comparison with the MST solution. The results show that the full MST calculation is only required in the study of non-spherical particles.Singapore-MIT Alliance (SMA

Structural Anomalies at the Magnetic and Ferroelectric Transitions in RMn2O5RMn_2O_5 (R=Tb, Dy, Ho)

Strong anomalies of the thermal expansion coefficients at the magnetic and ferroelectric transitions have been detected in multiferroic $RMn_2O_5$. Their correlation with anomalies of the specific heat and the dielectric constant is discussed. The results provide evidence for the magnetic origin of the ferroelectricity mediated by strong spin-lattice coupling in the compounds. Neutron scattering data for $HoMn_2O_5$ indicate a spin reorientation at the two low-temperature phase transitions

Raman scattering studies of temperature- and field-induced melting of charge order in (La,Pr,Ca)MnO3_{3}

We present Raman scattering studies of the structural and magnetic phases that accompany temperature- and field-dependent melting of charge- and orbital-order (COO) in La0.5Ca0.5MnO3 and La0.25Pr0.375Ca0.375MnO3. Our results show that thermal and field-induced COO melting in La0.5Ca0.5MnO3 exhibits three stages in a heterogeneous melting process associated with a structural change: a long-range, strongly JT distorted/COO regime; a coexistence regime; and weakly JT distorted/PM or FM phase. We provide a complete structural phase diagram of La0.5Ca0.5MnO3 for the temperature and field ranges 6<=T<=170 K and 0<=H<=9 T. We also investigate thermal and field-induced melting in La0.25Pr0.375Ca0.375MnO3 to elucidate the role of disorder in melting of COO. We find that while thermal melting of COO in La0.25Pr0.375Ca0.375MnO3 is quite similar to that in La0.5Ca0.5MnO3, the field-induced transition from the COO phase to the weakly JT-distorted/FM phase in La0.25Pr0.375Ca0.375MnO3 is very abrupt, and occurs at significantly lower fields (H~2 T at T~0 K) than in La0.5Ca0.5MnO3 (H~30 T at T=0 K). Moreover, the critical field H_c increases with increasing temperature in La0.25Pr0.375Ca0.375MnO3 in contrast to La0.5Ca0.5MnO3. To explain these differences, we propose that field-induced melting of COO in La0.25Pr0.375Ca0.375MnO3 is best described as the field-induced percolation of FM domains, and we suggest that Griffiths phase physics may be an appropriate theoretical model for describing the unusual temperature- and field- dependent transitions observed in La0.25Pr0.375Ca0.375MnO3.Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures, to be published in PR

Are Doctors in the University-Based Primary Care Clinic More Evidence-Based?

Letter to the editor

Do Primary Care Doctors Behave the Same in Antibiotic Prescribing for Upper Respiratory Tract Infections?

Purpose: To compare the extent of using an evidence-based approach in managing upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) among primary care doctors from two different government clinic settings in Malaysia. Method: This is a cross sectional, prospective study carried out in a teaching university primary care centre in Kuala Lumpur (KL) where doctors are constantly exposed to continuing medical education (CME) and seven health clinics in Seremban, Malaysia where doctors have less exposure to CME in the year 2000. Twelve primary care practitioners in KL and 13 in Seremban participated in the study. Each practitioner was asked to record clinical data and prescriptions given to twenty consecutive patients with URTIs using a structured questionnaire for each patient. The extent of usage of an evidence-based approach in managing URTIs among practitioners was assessed