4,798 research outputs found
Analysis of rainfall data for drought investigation at Agra U.P.
This study presents analysis of droughts at Agra district of Uttar Pradesh India. Drought conditions were assessed for yearly time steps using rainfall data for thirty one years (1970 to 2000) at Agra station. According to the India Meteorological department (IMD) an area/region is considered to be drought if it receives seasonal total rainfall less than 75% of its normal value. The rainfall records of 31 years for Agra were obtained from the India Meteorological Department (IMD). Rainfall data has been subjected to various kind of analysis including seasonal & annual rainfall departures, probability distribution and dry spell analysis etc. For identification of drought years and the extent of deficit of annual rainfall, the annual rainfall departure analysis has been carried out. A year is considered as drought year if the total amount of annual rainfall over an area is deficient by more than 25% of its normal value. From the analysis it is observed that in years 1970,1986,1987,1990 and 2000 as moderate drought & years 1972 & 1979 as a severe drought occurred in Agra district, the chance of occurrence of drought in every 10 years varies from 2 to 2.5. It means that year after every 3 to 4 year is a drought year
Thermal buckling analysis of skew fibre-reinforced composite and sandwich plates using shear deformable finite element models
The paper considers the elastic buckling of skew fibre-reinforced composite and sandwich plates subjected to thermal loads. To the best of the authors' knowledge, there is no paper in the open literature on this subject and the present paper attempts to fill this gap. Two shear deformable finite element models, one based on first-order shear deformation theory and the other based on higher-order shear deformation theory, are employed to obtain thermal buckling solutions. Extensive numerical results are presented for both thin and thick laminated composite plates with various skew angles, lamination parameters and boundary conditions. A few results for skew sandwiches are obtained for various geometric parameters and skew angles. Results presented, not available so far, could be useful to designers and researchers who may use them as benchmark values to validate their numerical techniques and software for similar problems
Orientation-Constrained Rectangular Layouts
We construct partitions of rectangles into smaller rectangles from an input
consisting of a planar dual graph of the layout together with restrictions on
the orientations of edges and junctions of the layout. Such an
orientation-constrained layout, if it exists, may be constructed in polynomial
time, and all orientation-constrained layouts may be listed in polynomial time
per layout.Comment: To appear at Algorithms and Data Structures Symposium, Banff, Canada,
August 2009. 12 pages, 5 figure
Identification of meteorological drought year for Varanasi district U.P.
Drought can be defined as a temporary harmful and widespread lack of available water with respect to specific need. It implies a deficiency of rainfall of sufficient magnitude over a prolonged duration so as to interfere with some phases of regional economic activities. According to the India Meteorological Department (IMD) an area is considered to be drought if it receives seasonal total rainfall less than 75% of its normal value. The rainfall records of 37 years for Varanasi were obtained from the India Meteorological department (IMD). Rainfall data has been subjected to various kind of analysis including seasonal & annual rainfall departures, probability distribution and dry spell analysis etc. For identification of drought years and the extent of deficit of annual rainfall, the annual rainfall departure analysis has been carried out. A year is considered as drought year if the total amount of annual rainfall over an area is deficient by more than 25% of its normal value. From the analysis it is observed that in years 1972, 1979, 1992, 2004 as moderate drought years occurred in Varanasi district & there were no severe drought in this region. The chance of occurrence of drought in every 10 years varies from 1 to 2. It means that year after every 4 to 5 is a drought year
Parametrized tests of post-Newtonian theory using Advanced LIGO and Einstein Telescope
General relativity has very specific predictions for the gravitational
waveforms from inspiralling compact binaries obtained using the post-Newtonian
(PN) approximation. We investigate the extent to which the measurement of the
PN coefficients, possible with the second generation gravitationalwave
detectors such as the Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave
Observatory (LIGO) and the third generation gravitational-wave detectors such
as the Einstein Telescope (ET), could be used to test post-Newtonian theory and
to put bounds on a subclass of parametrized-post-Einstein theories which differ
from general relativity in a parametrized sense. We demonstrate this
possibility by employing the best inspiralling waveform model for nonspinning
compact binaries which is 3.5PN accurate in phase and 3PN in amplitude. Within
the class of theories considered, Advanced LIGO can test the theory at 1.5PN
and thus the leading tail term. Future observations of stellar mass black hole
binaries by ET can test the consistency between the various PN coefficients in
the gravitational-wave phasing over the mass range of 11-44 Msun. The choice of
the lower frequency cut off is important for testing post-Newtonian theory
using the ET. The bias in the test arising from the assumption of nonspinning
binaries is indicated.Comment: 18 pages, 11 figures, Matches with the published versio
Combinatorial Properties of Triangle-Free Rectangle Arrangements and the Squarability Problem
We consider arrangements of axis-aligned rectangles in the plane. A geometric
arrangement specifies the coordinates of all rectangles, while a combinatorial
arrangement specifies only the respective intersection type in which each pair
of rectangles intersects. First, we investigate combinatorial contact
arrangements, i.e., arrangements of interior-disjoint rectangles, with a
triangle-free intersection graph. We show that such rectangle arrangements are
in bijection with the 4-orientations of an underlying planar multigraph and
prove that there is a corresponding geometric rectangle contact arrangement.
Moreover, we prove that every triangle-free planar graph is the contact graph
of such an arrangement. Secondly, we introduce the question whether a given
rectangle arrangement has a combinatorially equivalent square arrangement. In
addition to some necessary conditions and counterexamples, we show that
rectangle arrangements pierced by a horizontal line are squarable under certain
sufficient conditions.Comment: 15 pages, 13 figures, extended version of a paper to appear at the
International Symposium on Graph Drawing and Network Visualization (GD) 201
Expression and mutational analysis of Nm23-H1 in liver metastases of colorectal cancer.
It has been proposed that nm23-H1, a candidate suppressor gene for metastasis, plays an important role in metastasis formation of human tumours. In order to investigate its role in the progression of colorectal cancer, we analysed 22 liver metastases of this malignancy with respect to mutational changes, loss of heterozygosity and expression levels of nm23-H1. Although genetic alterations in nm23-H1 have recently been described in those colorectal adenocarcinomas which give rise to distant metastases, we were unable to detect any mutation in the coding sequence of nm23-H1 in the metastatic tissue itself. We further analysed the metastases with respect to allelic deletions at the chromosomal locus of nm23. However, no loss of heterozygosity could be detected in ten informative cases. Moreover, the mRNA expression levels of nm23-H1 in the metastatic tissues were not significantly different from those in normal colon mucosa. Thus, although nm23-H1 might be involved in metastasis suppression of certain tumour types, in colorectal tumour progression its role remains to be determined
Stigmatization as a Social Control Mechanism for Persons Living with HIV and AIDS
Stigmatization contributes to inequity by marginalizing persons living with HIV and AIDS (PHAs). In this study we examined the stigmatizing practices in health care settings from the perspectives of PHAs and health care providers (HCPs). A qualitative design, using a participatory action research approach, was used. Interviews and focus groups were completed with 16 aboriginal and 17 nonaboriginal individuals living with HIV (APHAs and PHAs) and 27 HCPs in Ottawa and Edmonton, Canada. We present findings to support the premise that stigmatization can be used as a social control mechanism with PHAs. Participants described both active and passive social control mechanisms: shunning and ostracizing, labeling, and disempowering health care practices. Forgiving behavior, balancing disclosure, practicing universal precautions, bending the rules, shifting services, and reducing labeling were strategies to manage, resist, and mitigate social control. The findings illustrate the urgent need for multilevel interventions to manage, resist, and mitigate stigma
- …