A STUDY ON MODERN TECHNIQUES USED IN IRRIGATION FOR FARMING IN COIMBATORE CITY

Water is most powerful natural resource it is mostly influences in health and wealth of the people and production of food. India economic backbone is agricultural. We are depending the water resources for development agriculture. Irrigation plays main role in the food production. The future expansion of food production will be increasing dependents upon sound irrigation and water management systems and now days the resources are most challenging because of environment changes. These days’ people prefer to use modern irrigational techniques because they are extremely efficient and effective. Modern irrigational techniques are also pivotal in increasing the crop yield. Also since these days farming is done with the help of fertilizers, crops need a certain amount of water to grow properly. Modern irrigational techniques are also cost effective, if done on a large scale. Also modern irrigational methods are important because of scarcity of water and increasing demand for food crops. For example: drip irrigation, if done properly can save up to 95% of water. According to me, modern irrigational techniques should be used and promoted because they save a lot of water

Return and Volatility Spillovers of Asian Pacific Stock Markets’ Energy Indices

The aim of the study was to investigate the presence of volatility among the Energy Indices of Asia Pacific Stock Markets. To test the volatility among the daily returns of Energy Indices of Asia Pacific Stock Markets, the study selected five sample Asian Pacific stock markets’ Energy Indices on the basis of availability of data. The findings of descriptive statistics and the ADF Test revealed, that the daily returns of the sample energy indices of Asian Pacific stock markets were not normally distributed and achieved stationarity at level difference, over the research period. Hence the data may be used for additional analysis. The data were then analysed, by using the GARCH (1,1) model to assess the considerable volatility of daily returns of sample energy indices and the study, which revealed that during the study period, all of the sample energy indices were volatile

THE GROWING POWER OF SOCIAL MEDIA AND SEARCH MARKETING

“Social media” is a name given to web-based and mobile technologies that are used to turn communication into an interactive dialogue. This interactive dialogue can occur between organizations, communities and individuals. The Internet allows millions of people to connect with each other, and also allows business owners to promote their businesses to people all over the world by using web-based applications. We currently live in a world in which traditional advertising strategies aren’t enough. Social media not only allows for tremendous outreach and networking, but also allows for interactivity that can be very beneficial to businesses for a variety of reasons. Surely you have noticed the shift from traditional advertising that has occurred with the increased use of the Internet over time. Now, people consume more advertising online than in print media, radio or television. (Example: See the ads when you play YouTube videos?) Social media offers many benefits to business owners, as it allows them to reach out to their customers and to gain the attention of more people/potential customers. If you have been keeping an eye on the news from the e-commerce world, you may know how big Snapdeal (India’s largest online shopping site) has become very quickly, all thanks to a great online strategy. Companies are spending thousands of dollars per month to monitor their social media presence, engage with people, plan reputation management, and so on. If you are a business owner and you are still not using social media sites like Facebook, Google Plus, Twitter, LinkledIn, etc. to promote and develop your business, you are missing out on a very significant opportunity, and you are bound to be left behind, in the dust of other businesses that have climbed aboard this fast-moving train long ago

Multi-Modal VR for Medical Simulation

International audienceOver the past three decades computer graphics andvirtual reality (VR) have played a significant role in adding valueto medicine for diagnosis and treatment applications. Medicalsimulation is increasingly used in medical training and surgicalplanning. This paper investigates the multi-modal VR interface formedical simulation focusing on motion tracking, stereographicvisualization, voice navigation, and interactions. Applications invirtual anatomy learning, surgical training and pre-treatmentplanning will also be discussed

A genetic algorithm based approach to estimate the volume of a drinking water reservoir in Chennai city, South India, using multi-spectral satellite images

This paper is concerned with the use of satellite image processing and remote sensing approaches to determine the water-spread area and capacity of a drinking water reservoir in Poondi, near Chennai City, south India. Estimation of water-spread area and volume of the reservoirs using traditional methods like field surveys, acoustic surveys and hydrographic surveys is time-consuming, laborious and expensive. To overcome these problems, many researchers have used satellite images and the per-pixel (hard classification), the sub-pixel (soft classification) and the super resolution mapping approaches. The conventional hard and soft classification approaches do not give accurate results due to the presence of mixed pixels in the image scene of the periphery of the reservoir. In this work, a per-pixel algorithm (Maximum Likelihood), a sub-pixel algorithm (Fuzzy C Means) and a super resolution mapping algorithm (Genetic algorithm) are developed and the water-spread area is estimated for the reservoir using multi-date Landsat8 OLI images. The volume of the reservoir at different water levels are estimated using the water-spread area and the Trapezoidal formula. The capacity estimated from satellite image-derived area is compared with the capacity data obtained from the Poondi reservoir authority. The error in estimation due to the per-pixel approach is 16.74%, while it is 9.06% for the sub-pixel approach and a mere 3.25% for the super-resolution approach. Thus, the super-resolution mapping approach results in minimum error when compared to the sub-pixel approach which in turn gives lesser error result when comparing with the per-pixel approach