European Power Sovereignty through Renewables by 2030. Executive Summary

Europe has the potential to become self-sufficient in energy by 2040 with the renewable energy technologies we already have at hand, a new report based on a meta-study and led by researchers from the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK) has found. This energy system based on 100 % renewable energies would come with a drop in energy costs for consumers, reduced vulnerability in times of geopolitical tensions, and would boost European competitiveness on the world stage. It urges politicians across the continent to develop a ‘common will’ and achieve power sovereignty by utilising existing technologies and spearheading a massive but affordable expansion of renewable energy – particularly wind and solar. The report states that by using complementary European energy resources led by the sun in the South of the continent and wind in the colder North, together with a consolidated power grid, the European energy system could free itself from imports of gas and oil and from reliance on volatile nations such as Russia

Diskussionspapiere Discussion Papers The Shipbuilding Industry in East and West: Industry Dynamics, Science and Technology Policies and Emerging Patterns of Co-operation The Shipbuilding Industry in East and West: Industry Dynamics, Science and Technology

Abstract Shipbuilding has changed from a "heavy industry" to become a capital-and technologyintensive activity over the last decades. While Japanese, South Korean and Western European yards dominate the merchant shipbuilding market so far, Eastern European yards are increasingly active, in particular in low and medium complex ships. We develop a market analysis and identify the axes of competition in international civil shipbuilding. From there, we analyze the restructuring process of Eastern European yards. Polish yards have proceeded with relatively quick enterprisation, establishing strong links to domestic and international suppliers. Restructuring in Russian and Ukrainian yards is blocked by local obstacles to enterprization, leading to increasing competitiveness gaps with CEE-yards. We conclude that a science&technology policy should be demand-oriented and target only the clearly identified obstacles to enterprization. JEL-classifications: L62, P51, O38 Zusammenfassun