Modeling and analysis of magnetic hybrid nanoparticle (Au-Al2O3/blood) based drug delivery through a bell-shaped occluded artery with Joule heating, viscous dissipation and variable viscosity effects

The present work deals with the impact of hybrid nanoparticles (Au-Al2O3/Blood) on the blood flow pattern through a porous cylindrical artery with bell-shaped stenosis in the presence of an external magnetic field, Joule heating, and viscous dissipation by considering twodimensional pulsatile blood flow. The temperature-dependent viscosity model is utilized in this model. The blood flow is assumed to be unsteady, laminar, viscous, and incompressible. The mild stenotic presumption normalizes and reduces the bi-directional flow to uni-directional. The Crank-Nicolson scheme is applied to solve the continuity, momentum, and energy equations with appropriate initial and boundary conditions. The acquired results of the work are presented graphically. They have been examined for several values of the dimensionless parameters such as Magnetic number (M2 ), Darcy number (Da), Grashof number (Gr), viscosity parameter (β0), Reynolds number (Re), Eckert Number (Ec), Prandtl number (Pr), different concentration of both the nanoparticles (φ1, φ2), and pressure gradient parameter (B1). The velocity contours for different emerging parameters have been drawn to analyze the overall behavior of blood flow patterns. The non-dimensional velocity profile enhances with increment in values of Da, implying that the medium’s permeability provides less barrier to flow. The cumulative impact of Joule Heating and viscous dissipation are discussed. It demonstrates that increasing viscous dissipation (Ec) and Joule heating (M2 ) parameter simultaneously raise the nanofluid temperature since the mechanical energy is transformed to thermal energy within molecules, which causes a hike in temperature. The findings reveal that hybrid nanoparticles (Au-Al2O3/blood) effectively reduce hemodynamic variables such as wall shear stress and resistance impedance. Results indicate that nanoparticles may be helpful to keep the blood velocity under control and allow the surgeons to adjust it as and when required. The present work aims to get insight into the treatment of atherosclerosis without surgery, lower medical costs, and reduce post-surgical complications. Also, it has broad implications in treating various conditions, including cancers, infections, and the removal of blood clots. The current findings are consistent with recent findings in earlier blood flow research studies

Latent cytomegalovirus-driven recruitment of activated CD4+ T cells promotes virus reactivation

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection is not cleared by the initial immune response but persists for the lifetime of the host, in part due to its ability to establish a latent infection in cells of the myeloid lineage. HCMV has been shown to manipulate the secretion of cellular proteins during both lytic and latent infection; with changes caused by latent infection mainly investigated in CD34+ progenitor cells. Whilst CD34+ cells are generally bone marrow resident, their derivative CD14+ monocytes migrate to the periphery where they briefly circulate until extravasation into tissue sites. We have analyzed the effect of HCMV latent infection on the secretome of CD14+ monocytes, identifying an upregulation of both CCL8 and CXCL10 chemokines in the CD14+ latency-associated secretome. Unlike CD34+ cells, the CD14+ latency-associated secretome did not induce migration of resting immune cell subsets but did induce migration of activated NK and T cells expressing CXCR3 in a CXCL10 dependent manner. As reported in CD34+ latent infection, the CD14+ latency-associated secretome also suppressed the anti-viral activity of stimulated CD4+ T cells. Surprisingly, however, co-culture of activated autologous CD4+ T cells with latently infected monocytes resulted in reactivation of HCMV at levels comparable to those observed using M-CSF and IL-1β cytokines. We propose that these events represent a potential strategy to enable HCMV reactivation and local dissemination of the virus at peripheral tissue sites

Population-based identification of H a-excess sources in the Gaia DR2 and IPHAS catalogues

We present a catalogue of point-like H a-excess sources in the Northern Galactic Plane. Our catalogue is created using a new technique that leverages astrometric and photomeric information from Gaia to select H a-bright outliers in the INT Photometric H a Survey of the Northern Galactic Plane (IPHAS), across the colour-absolute magnitude diagram. To mitigate the selection biases due to stellar population mixing and to extinction, the investigated objects are first partitioned with respect to their positions in the Gaia colour-absolute magnitude space, and Galactic coordinates space, respectively. The selection is then performed on both partition types independently.MM acknowledges the support by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and University (MICIU/FEDER, UE) through grant RTI2018-095076-B-C21, and the Institute of Cosmos Sciences University of Barcelona (ICCUB, Unidad de Excelencia ‘Mar ́ıa de Maeztu’) through grant CEX2019- 000918-MPostprint (published version

Probing Grand Unified Theories with Cosmic Ray, Gamma-Ray and Neutrino Astrophysics

We explore scenarios where the highest energy cosmic rays are produced by new particle physics near the grand unification scale. Using detailed numerical simulations of extragalactic nucleon, gamma-ray, and neutrino propagation, we show the existence of an interesting parameter range for which such scenarios may explain part of the data and are consistent with all observational constraints. A combination of proposed observatories for ultra-high energy cosmic rays, neutrino telescopes of a few kilometer scale, and gamma-ray astrophysics instruments should be able to test these scenarios. In particular, for neutrino masses in the eV range, exclusive neutrino decay modes of superheavy particles can give rise to neutrino fluxes comparable to those predicted in models of active galactic nuclei.Comment: 15 latex pages, 5 postscript figures included, uses revtex.sty and psfig.sty. Submitted to Physical Review

Limits to the muon flux from WIMP annihilation in the center of the Earth with the AMANDA detector

A search for nearly vertical up-going muon-neutrinos from neutralino annihilations in the center of the Earth has been performed with the AMANDA-B10 neutrino detector. The data sample collected in 130.1 days of live-time in 1997, ~10^9 events, has been analyzed for this search. No excess over the expected atmospheric neutrino background is oberved. An upper limit at 90% confidence level on the annihilation rate of neutralinos in the center of the Earth is obtained as a function of the neutralino mass in the range 100 GeV-5000 GeV, as well as the corresponding muon flux limit.Comment: 14 pages, 11 figures. Version accepted for publication in Physical Review

Engineering Support Systems for Industrial Machines and Plants

In the business of industrial machines and plants, rapid and detailed estimates for planning installation, replacement of equipment, or maintenance work are key requirements for meeting the demands for greater reliability, lower costs and for maintaining safe and secure operation. These demands have been addressed by developing technology driven by IT. When replacing equipment at complex building or plants with high equipment density, the existing state of the installation locations and transportation routes for old and new equipment need to be properly measured. We have met this need by developing parts recognition technology based on 3D measurement, and by developing high-speed calculation technology of optimal routes for installation parts. This chapter provides an overview of these development projects with some real business application results