A perspectiva do género nas políticas de remuneração como requisito de governo justo das sociedades

Este artigo analisa a persistência de diferenças salariais entre homens e mulheres no mercado de trabalho português, contribuindo para a explicação do diferencial de remuneração entre homens e mulheres exercendo funções de topo e de nível inferior das empresas portuguesas. Na sequência da investigação que tem vindo a ser realizada por Duarte et al. (2008), este trabalho propõe uma linha de investigação holística, abrangendo a análise e caracterização das determinantes de remuneração de executivos; remuneração de não-executivos; remuneração nas empresas familiares; presença dos sindicatos nas políticas de remuneração; e discriminação do empregador nos processos de recrutamento. É objectivo dos autores contribuir para um melhor conhecimento que permita rever e melhorar as políticas de igualdade como desafios e metas a atingir nos próximos anos

Juncus fernandez-carvajaliae

This species is endemic to central Spain, where it is currently only known from two sites in the Guadiana River basin located in the western half of Ciudad Real Province. Suitable habitat is frequent around both known sites, and the potential distribution area of this new species could be much larger. However, very little data are available at present regarding its population size, trends or threats and therefore it is assessed as Data Deficient; further research is required

IMP dehydrogenase rod/ring structures in acral melanomas

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) is a rare subtype of melanoma with aggressive behavior. IMPDH enzyme, involved in de novo GTP biosynthesis, has been reported to assemble into large filamentary structures called rods/rings (RR) or cytoophidium (cellular snakes). RR assembly induces a hyperactive state in IMPDH, usually to supply a high demand for GTP nucleotides, such as in highly proliferative cells. We investigate whether aggressive melanoma tumor cells present IMPDH-based RR structures. Forty-five ALM paraffin-embedded tissue samples and 59 melanocytic nevi were probed with anti-IMPDH2 antibody. Both the rod- and ring-shaped RR could be observed, with higher frequency in ALM. ROC curve analyzing the proportions of RR-positive cells in ALM versus nevi yielded a 0.88 AUC. Using the cutoff of 5.5% RR-positive cells, there was a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 85% for ALM diagnosis. In ALM, 36 (80%) showed RR frequency above the cutoff, being classified as RR-positive, compared with only 9 (15%) of the nevi (p 4.0mm, compared with only 29% in the RR-low/negative (p = .039). We propose that screening for RR structures in biopsy specimens may be a valuable tool helping differentiate ALM from nevi and accessing tumor malignancy

Flora Vascular of Algarve (Portugal): new Project

Trabajo presentado al: XI International Meeting of Phytosociology. Natural and semi-natural habitats of the Natura 2000 network: Improving knowledge to support conservation measures. Faro (Portugal), 10-11 septiembre 2019.Peer reviewe

Mechanism of Dinitrochlorobenzene-Induced Dermatitis in Mice: Role of Specific Antibodies in Pathogenesis

Dinitrochlorobenzene-induced contact hypersensitivity is widely considered as a cell-mediated rather than antibody-mediated immune response. At present, very little is known about the role of antigen-specific antibodies and B cells in the development of dinitrochlorobenzene-induced hypersensitivity reactions, and this is the subject of the present investigation.Data obtained from multiple lines of experiments unequivocally showed that the formation of dinitrochlorobenzene-specific Abs played an important role in the development of dinitrochlorobenzene-induced contact hypersensitivity. The appearance of dinitrochlorobenzene-induced skin dermatitis matched in timing the appearance of the circulating dinitrochlorobenzene-specific antibodies. Adoptive transfer of sera containing dinitrochlorobenzene-specific antibodies from dinitrochlorobenzene-treated mice elicited a much stronger hypersensitivity reaction than the adoptive transfer of lymphocytes from the same donors. Moreover, dinitrochlorobenzene-induced contact hypersensitivity was strongly suppressed in B cell-deficient mice with no DNCB-specific antibodies. It was also observed that treatment of animals with dinitrochlorobenzene polarized Th cells into Th2 differentiation by increasing the production of Th2 cytokines while decreasing the production of Th1 cytokines.In striking contrast to the long-held belief that dinitrochlorobenzene-induced contact hypersensitivity is a cell-mediated immune response, the results of our present study demonstrated that the production of dinitrochlorobenzene-specific antibodies by activated B cells played an indispensible role in the pathogenesis of dinitrochlorobenzene-induced CHS. These findings may provide new possibilities in the treatment of human contact hypersensitivity conditions

Concurrent Intrathecal and Intravenous Nivolumab in Leptomeningeal Disease: Phase 1 Trial Interim Results

There is a critical need for effective treatments for leptomeningeal disease (LMD). Here, we report the interim analysis results of an ongoing single-arm, first-in-human phase 1/1b study of concurrent intrathecal (IT) and intravenous (IV) nivolumab in patients with melanoma and LMD. The primary endpoints are determination of safety and the recommended IT nivolumab dose. The secondary endpoint is overall survival (OS). Patients are treated with IT nivolumab alone in cycle 1 and IV nivolumab is included in subsequent cycles. We treated 25 patients with metastatic melanoma using 5, 10, 20 and 50 mg of IT nivolumab. There were no dose-limiting toxicities at any dose level. The recommended IT dose of nivolumab is 50 mg (with IV nivolumab 240 mg) every 2 weeks. Median OS was 4.9 months, with 44% and 26% OS rates at 26 and 52 weeks, respectively. These initial results suggest that concurrent IT and IV nivolumab is safe and feasible with potential efficacy in patients with melanoma LMD, including in patients who had previously received anti-PD1 therapy. Accrual to the study continues, including in patients with lung cancer. ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT03025256

Use of sequential extraction procedures for the analysis of cadmium and lead in sediment samples from a constructed wetland

There is a need to establish a reliable and inexpensive sequential extraction technique, suitable for routine analysis and could assess the toxic potential of sediment samples. The method described in this paper was designed for the determination of the mobile and bioavailable proportion of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in sediments. Three fractions were determined: the exchangeable fraction, the fraction bound to the organic matter and the residual fraction, The exchangeable fraction represents the fraction of adsorbed metals that are easily affected by changes in ionic composition of water; the fraction bound to the organic matter represents the fraction that under oxidising conditions in natural waters may be released as soluble metals. The residual phase represents the remaining metal in the mineral structure of the sediments. For the present study the fractions bound to carbonates, or bound to iron and manganese oxides, were not analysed because the pH values of the sediment samples were shown to be very stable throughout the study period and the samples used were not subjected to anoxic conditions. In this paper the accuracy and usefulness of the three-step extraction method was evaluated using contaminated sediment samples from a constructed wetland receiving urban runoff

Distribution and removal of cadmium and lead in a constructed wetland receiving urban runoff

Heavy metals are major inorganic components in urban runoff. Constructed wetlands remove heavy metals by several processes such as precipitation, uptake by living organisms, adsorption and complexation. Relatively little information was available regarding the efficiency of metal removal and the distribution of heavy metals in a constructed wetland. This paper aims to address these issues by examining the metal contents in water and sediments over a six-month period including data collected during a storm event

Lymphangiogenesis: implications for diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis in patients with melanoma.

Disease course in melanoma often cannot be accurately predicted by means of the prognostic factors usually considered in patients with melanoma; therefore, new factors are clearly needed. Increasingly robust scientific evidence shows that tumor lymph vessels play a key role in melanoma that metastasizes by lymphatic and hematogenous pathways. We review current knowledge and examine the implications of lymphangiogenesis in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of patients with melanoma.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe