275 research outputs found
Extracting Models from Source Code in Software Modernization
International audienceModel-driven software modernization is a discipline in which model-driven development (MDD) techniques are used in the modernization of legacy systems. When existing software artifacts are evolved, they must be transformed into models to apply MDD techniques such as model transformations. Since most modernization scenarios (e.g., application migration) involve dealing with code in general-purpose programming languages (GPL), the extraction of models from GPL code is an essential task in a model-based modernization process. This activity could be performed by tools to bridge grammarware and MDD technical spaces, which is normally carried out by dedicated parsers. Grammar-to-Model Transformation Language (Gra2MoL) is a domain-specific language (DSL) tailored to the extraction of models from GPL code. This DSL is actually a text-to-model transformation language which can be applied to any code conforming to a grammar. Gra2MoL aims to reduce the effort needed to implement grammarware-MDD bridges, since building dedicated parsers is a complex and time-consuming task. Like ATL and RubyTL languages, Gra2MoL incorporates the binding concept needed to write mappings between grammar elements and metamodel elements in a simple declarative style. The language also provides a powerful query language which eases the retrieval of scattered information in syntax trees. Moreover, it incorporates extensibility and grammar reuse mechanisms. This paper describes Gra2MoL in detail and includes a case study based on the application of the language in the extraction of models from Delphi code
¿Entienden los alumnos nuestros apuntes? Reflexiones sobre el conocimiento de la terminología matemática
In this paper (1) presents the results of a test carried out with students in the first year of the degree in Industrial Technologies at Polytechnic University of Cartagena (enrolled in the subject of Mathematics II; in the second semester), and in which they have been asked to identify certain mathematical symbols, as well as translating and interpreting certain mathematical expressions into colloquial language, and vice versa. The results of the study are quite discouraging. This paper also reflects on the importance of knowledge and the correct interpretation of mathematical symbols for successfully passing our mathematics subjects, and how, with certain actions, we can enhance the knowledge and use of mathematical language among our students, trying to overcome, as far as possible, the shortcomings that students who have just joined the university have on this subject.En este trabajo (1) se presentan los resultados de un ensayo realizado con alumnos de primer curso del grado de Tecnologías Industriales en la Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena (matriculados en la asignatura de Matemáticas II; de segundo cuatrimestre), y en el que se les ha pedido identificar determinados símbolos matemáticos, así como traducir e interpretar al lenguaje coloquial determinadas expresiones matemáticas, y viceversa. Los resultados del estudio son bastante desalentadores. También en esta ponencia se reflexiona sobre la importancia del conocimiento y de la correcta interpretación de la simbología matemática para la superación con éxito de nuestras asignaturas de matemáticas, y de cómo, con determinadas acciones, podemos potenciar el conocimiento y utilización del lenguaje matemático entre nuestro alumnado, intentando salvar, en lo posible, las carencias que sobre este tema poseen los alumnos que acaban de incorporarse a la universidad
Estrategias para aumentar la participación del alumnado en nuestras clases de matemáticas
In this paper(1) the authors reflect on the little participation that students usually have in mathematics classes at the university. After a preamble where the advantages of the active participation(2) of the students are raised and the reason for the almost null student participation (with references to experiences where the university students themselves express themselves about the reasons for their non-participation in the classroom), certain strategies that can be proposed in the classroom and that lead to an increase in the participation of students in university mathematics classes are exposed. With this increase, it will surely contribute to a better understanding, by students, of the knowledge that is taught in them, increasing the success rate in university subjects related to this discipline.En esta ponencia(1) los autores reflexionan sobre la poca participación que suelen tener los alumnos en las clases de matemáticas en la universidad. Tras un preámbulo donde se plantean las ventajas de la participación activa(2) del alumnado y el porqué de la casi nula participación estudiantil (con referencias a experiencias donde los propios alumnos universitarios se expresan sobre los motivos de su no participación en el aula), se exponen determinadas estrategias que se pueden plantear en el aula y que conllevan un aumento de la participación de los alumnos en las clases universitarias de matemáticas. Con este aumento, seguro que se contribuirá a una mejor comprensión, por parte de los estudiantes, de los conocimientos que en ellas se imparten, aumentando la tasa de éxito en las asignaturas universitarias relacionadas con esta disciplina
The future of news on new platforms
La transformación tecnológica ha hecho progresar el creciente interés de los
consumidores por ofertas de contenidos y formatos de nueva creación de nuevos
stakeholders (plataformas sociales) frente a los medios noticiarios tradicionales. Este
nuevo espacio de competencia ha obligado a estos últimos a reformular sus estrategias,
el propio trabajo periodístico, la producción de contenidos, los formatos y la
deslocalización de la difusión a través de las plataformas de social media.
Es evidente que la empresa periodística tiene que enfrentar grandes desafíos,
especialmente los medios noticiarios televisivos, siendo el objetivo de este trabajo dar
un fiel reflejo del estado de situación actual, señalar los cambios que se están
experimentado y subrayar los desafíos a los que se enfrentan.
Para apoyar el análisis se ha realizado un estudio de los medios noticiarios
especialmente de EEUU (ABC, CBS, NBC y FOX) que caminan con ventaja en otros países
en cuando a la compresión de las demandas de la sociedad digital y a la vanguardia del
empleo de las herramientas, sin dejar de poner en valor el rigor periodístico como base
de la confiabilidad y el factor de enganche que proporciona el entretenimiento.Technological transformation has led to a growing consumer interest in content
offerings and newly created formats from new stakeholders (social platforms), as
opposed to traditional news media. This new competitive space has forced the latter to
reformulate their strategies, journalistic work, content production, formats, and the
offshoring of broadcasting through social media platforms
It is clear that the journalistic enterprise has to face great challenges, especially the
television news media, being the objective of this work is to give a true reflection of the
current situation, to point out the changes that are being experienced, and to underline
the challenges faced by the news media.
To support the analysis, a study has been made of the news media, especially from the
USA (ABC, CBS, NBC, and FOX), which is ahead of other countries in terms of
understanding the demands of digital society and at the forefront of the use of tools,
without neglecting the value of journalistic rigor as a basis for reliability and the
engagement factor provided by entertainment
API2MoL: Automating the building of bridges between APIs and Model-Driven Engineering
International audienceContext: A software artefact typically makes its functionality available through a specialized Application Programming Interface (API) describing the set of services offered to client applications. In fact, building any software system usually involves managing a plethora of APIs, which complicates the development process. In Model-Driven Engineering (MDE), where models are the key elements of any software engineering activity, this API management should take place at the model level. Therefore, tools that facilitate the integration of APIs and MDE are clearly needed. Objective: Our goal is to automate the implementation of API-MDE bridges for supporting both the creation of models from API objects and the generation of such API objects from models. In this sense, this paper presents the API2MoL approach, which provides a declarative rule-based language to easily write mapping definitions to link API specifications and the metamodel that represents them. These definitions are then executed to convert API objects into model elements or vice versa. The approach also allows both the metamodel and the mapping to be automatically obtained from the API specification (bootstrap process). Method: After implementing the API2MoL engine, its correctness was validated using several APIs. Since APIs are normally large, we then developed a tool to implement the bootstrap process, which was also validated. Results: We provide a toolkit (language and bootstrap tool) for the creation of bridges between APIs and MDE. The current implementation focuses on Java APIs, although its adaptation to other statically typed object-oriented languages is straightforward. The correctness, expressiveness and completeness of the approach have been validated with the Swing, SWT and JTwitter APIs. Conclusion: API2MoL frees developers from having to manually implement the tasks of obtaining models from API objects and generating such objects from models. This helps to manage API models in MDE-based solutions
Considerations about the inhibition of monophenolase and diphenolase activities of tyrosinase. Characterization of the inhibitor concentration which generates 50 % of inhibition, type and inhibition constants. A review
©2024 The Authors. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.
This document is the Published version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131513Tyrosinase is a copper oxidase enzyme which catalyzes the first two steps in the melanogenesis pathway, L tyrosine to L-dopa conversion and, then, to o-dopaquinone and dopachrome. Hypopigmentation and, above all,
hyperpigmentation issues can be originated depending on their activity. This enzyme also promotes the browning of fruits and vegetables. Therefore, control of their activity by regulators is research topic of great relevance. In this work, we consider the use of inhibitors of monophenolase and diphenolase activities of the enzyme in order to accomplish such control. An experimental design and data analysis which allow the accurate calculation of the degree of inhibition of monophenolase activity (iM) and diphenolase activity (iD) are proposed. The IC50 values (amount of inhibitor that causes 50 % inhibition at a fixed substrate concentration) can be calculated for the two activities and from the values of ICM 50 (monophenolase) and ICD
50(diphenolase). Addi tionally, the strength and type of inhibition can be deduced from these values. The data analysis from these ICD 50
values allows to obtain the values of Kapp I1 or Kapp I2 , or Kapp I1 and Kapp I3 from the values of ICM 50. In all cases, the values of the different Kapp I must satisfy their relationship with ICM 50 and ICD 50
Caracterización del riesgo de inundación en la ordenación del territorio: avances y retos para la incorporación de la vulnerabilidad
La ordenación del territorio, como medida no estructural para la reducción del riesgo de inundación necesita incorporar los avances sobre el conocimiento, la caracterización y la cartografía del riesgo de inundación en los instrumentos de ordenación territorial a las escalas adecuadas. Este trabajo aborda una investigación sobre la caracterización y el tratamiento del riesgo de inundación en la ordenación del territorio en España, que incluye un análisis secuenciado sobre los aspectos normativos (competencias, atribuciones y jerarquías para la caracterización del riesgo de inundación entre planificación sectorial y ordenación del territorio), metodológicos (avances y retos en la caracterización del riesgo de inundación) y de aplicación (cómo estos avances se trasladan (o no) en la práctica a los instrumentos de ordenación del territorio). Los resultados muestran como la consideración del riesgo va ganando protagonismo en la ordenación del territorio, sin embargo, la caracterización y el uso de cartografía todavía plantea retos importantes, especialmente en relación con la competente del riesgo ligada a la vulnerabilidad, que limita su potencial como medida no estructural de reducción del riesgo de inundación
Harmonic model of electronically controlled loads
The use of electronically controlled loads is the way used to improve the efficiency as well as the power factor of normal elec- tric loads, obtaining thus energy efficient loads. This electronic con- trol changes the load’s global behavior resulting in a strongly non- linear one, at this regards, the available models used to represent loads are not accurate enough, especially in the context of an iterative frequency domain harmonic penetration program/algorithm. In this article, we propose an extension of the crossed-frequency admittance matrix, in order to get a better representation of these electronic loads. The extension is done by adding another dimension to the matrix, the harmonic phase. The model is obtained using a programmable power source connected to a PC, and by means of an acquisition board, we measure voltage and intensity. Due to the large number of tests needed we have developed a software tool that auto- mates the process giving as result the load model. Therefore, the proposed model linearizes loads according to three variables: Amplitude, Frequency and Phase of the harmonic with regard to the fundamental
Approach to multivariable predictive control applications in residential HVAC direct load control
The purpose of this paper is to describe a new constrained multivariable predictive control strategy applied in Residential HVAC Direct Load Control. In this way, starting from a target load profile prefixed by the utility in order to achieve several objectives - economic, technical- and taking into account customer constraints - minimum “fort levels, HVAC limits- this control algorithm provides, in a multiobjective hework, the most suitable HVAC load control strategy to minimize the discrepancies between the controlled load curve and the predefined target load curve. The control system has a close-loop behavior with a proper and consistent treatment of modeling errors and other disturbances. It is allowed a dynamic modification of the target load me according to the real-time system behavior. In order to demonstrate its qualities widely, this control system has been applied to modify a real load curve profile under different operating conditions
Combinando revisión bibliográfica, mapas acústicos y observaciones in situ: sinopsis de las formaciones coralígenas en Liguria (NO del mar Mediterráneo)
A review and update of the existing knowledge on the coralligenous assemblages of Liguria (NW Italy) was conducted as an essential step towards management measures for their conservation according to the EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive. By combining a literature review, acoustic mapping and in situ observations on a geographic information systems platform, we were able to assess the distribution and heterogeneity of coralligenous assemblages and the main pressures affecting them. The reliability of the literature was previously estimated using a dependability index. The coralligenous assemblages cover an area of 130.9 ha and range from 10 to 113 m depth. Twelve different biological facies (five of them not included in the EUNIS list) were identified and four main geomorphotypes (plungingcliffs, paleocliffs, rockfalls and shoals) were recognized. Incident light values influenced the distribution of four facies in Portofino promontory. Pressures were found on 33% of the coralligenous assemblages investigated, mainly due to fishing activities, mass mortality events, invasive species and occasional mucilaginous events. Our results showed a high spatial, geomorphological and biological heterogeneity of coralligenous assemblages in Liguria.Una revisión y actualización del conocimiento existente sobre las formaciones coralígenas en Liguria (NO de Italia) ha sido implementado como paso esencial con vistas a las medidas de gestión para su conservación de acuerdo con la Directiva Marco sobre la Estrategia Marina. Combinando en plataforma SIG revisión bibliográfica, mapas acústicos y observaciones in situ hemos sido capaces de determinar la distribución de las formaciones coralígenas, su heterogeneidad y sus principales presiones. La fiabilidad de la bibliografía fue estimada a través del índice de confianza (DI). Las formaciones coralígenas cubren un área de 130.9 ha en un rango de profundidad que va desde los 10 m a los 113 m. 12 facies biológicas diferentes (5 de ellas no incluidas en la lista EUNIS) fueron identificadas y 4 geomorfotipos principales (acantilado actual, paleoacantilado, cúmulo de rocas y bajos) fueron reconocidos. Los valores de luz incidente influenciaron la distribución de 4 facies en el promontorio de Portofino. Fueron encontradas presiones en el 33% de las formaciones coralígenas inves-tigadas, principalmente debidas a actividades de pesca, episodios de muerte masiva, especies invasoras y proliferación de algas mucilaginosas. Nuestros resultados mostraron una elevada heterogeneidad espacial, geomorfológica y biológica de las formaciones coralígenas en Liguria
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