Attaccamento a Dio, attaccamento ai genitori e ai pari e atteggiamento religioso in un gruppo di adolescenti italiani

Numerosi contributi in letteratura descrivono il rapporto che un credente cattolico ha con Dio facendo riferimento ai concetti della teoria dell’attaccamento di Bowlby. In questa prospettiva le principali caratteristiche degli stili di attaccamento ai genitori e ai pari possono riproporsi nella relazione con Dio. Nel presente lavoro è stata indagata in un gruppo di 992 adolescenti cattolici la relazione tra gli stili di attaccamento ai genitori, ai pari e a Dio e il grado di influenza di questi stili sull’atteggiamento religioso. Dai risultati emerge che le dimensioni insicure dell’attaccamento con i genitori e con i pari sono predittive di un attaccamento altrettanto insicuro e ansioso con Dio. Bassi livelli di attaccamento evitante o ansioso con Dio si riflettono in atteggiamenti positivi verso la religione e una maggiore partecipazione ai riti religiosi. I dati tendono a confermare l’ipotesi che il legame con Dio è influenzato dallo stile di attaccamento che il credente ha instaurato con i genitori e i pari. Tuttavia, dai risultati emerge che bassi livelli in alcune dimensioni dell’attaccamento (Comunicazione e Fiducia) tendono ad essere compensate nella relazione con Dio

Identification and ranking of extraordinary rainfall events over northwest Italy: the role of Atlantic moisture

An objective identification and ranking of extraordinary rainfall events for Northwest Italy is established using time series of annual precipitation maxima for 1938–2002 at over 200 stations. Rainfall annual maxima are considered for five reference durations (1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h). In a first step, a day is classified as an extraordinary rainfall day when a regional threshold calculated on the basis of a two-components extreme value distribution is exceeded for at least one of the stations. Second, a clustering procedure taking into account the different rainfall durations is applied to the identified 163 events. Third, a division into six clusters is chosen using Ward's distance criteria. It is found that two of these clusters include the seven strongest events as quantified from a newly developed measure of intensity which combines rainfall intensities and spatial extension. Two other clusters include the weakest 72% historical events. The obtained clusters are analyzed in terms of typical synoptic characteristics. The two top clusters are characterized by strong and persistent upper air troughs inducing not only moisture advection from the North Atlantic into the Western Mediterranean but also strong northward flow towards the southern Alpine ranges. Humidity transports from the North Atlantic are less important for the weaker clusters. We conclude that moisture advection from the North Atlantic plays a relevant role in the magnitude of the extraordinary events over Northwest Italy

Introducing the Bulletin of Atmospheric Science and Technology

The rapid technological development of the past few decades has allowed for an unprecedented wealth of data about ourselves and our planet. The cost reduction of space platforms, the microelectronic revolution and the nearly exponential increase in computer power have been generating novel opportunities to explore and understand the world around us. Tools and theoretical approaches, capable of putting together all the insights we may possibly gain from all these new streams of data in a multidisciplinary framework, are still being developed. We are hence faced with both a unique challenge and an opportunity to make a significant progress in many scientific fields, first and foremost in the atmospheric and climate sciences. We are pleased to announce here the launch of the Bulletin of Atmospheric Science and Technology (BAST), a new peer-reviewed journal which is meant to bridge this gap in the broad area of the atmospheric sciences. The journal encourages a cross-disciplinary approach with an emphasis on new sensor technologies and systems, combined observational and modeling techniques, innovative numerical methods, data analysis, and retrieval techniques. BAST offers a platform to share new ideas and fresh developments to stimulate research activities focusing on urban, coastal, marine, rural, and mountain environments. Particular attention will be given to cross-disciplinary studies, especially those involving citizens for the collection of crowd-sourced data and those devoted to the characterization of uncertainties and homogenization of methods. BAST aims at connecting weather and climate communities using both observational and modeling approaches, creating a forum hosting discussion and brainstorming activities. The journal also hopes to attract contributions reporting approaches or techniques from other scientific fields that can be applicable to atmospheric sciences, as well as contributions where technological developments are discussed alongside with their scientific and societal impacts. In this sense BAST will provide a new platform to support the technological revolution towards a climate-smart society through the collection and exploitation of big data. The journal will give visibility to international experiments and projects in atmospheric science and technology, illustrating preliminary or consolidated results from these initiatives. Additional fields of interest are : environmental protection; observation, understanding, and modeling of hazardous and extreme events and mitigation of their impacts; development of new sensing tools integrating satellite information with surface or airborne measurements; operation of unmanned and remotely piloted air vehicles equipped with sensors of small size and weight, especially remote sensors, pushing electro-optical-mechanical components towards a continuously increasing miniaturization. Research articles, Review articles, Technical reports, Brief reports, Letters and News are welcome. While keeping the focus of the journal on scientific research, the “Bulletin” format provides appropriate visibility to contributions from the operational side, i.e., meteorological services and private companies developing sensors and products of interest to the atmospheric science and technology community. Below we provide a more detailed description of the topics that will be emphasized and fostered in BAST

The psychometric properties of the Italian translation of the Francis Scale of Attitude toward Christianity : a study among Catholic adolescents

The Italian translation of the Francis Scale of Attitude toward Christianity was developed and tested among a sample of 575 young people between 16 and 17 years of age attending secular secondary schools in Rome, Italy. The data supported the unidimensionality, internal consistency reliability and construct validity of this instrument and commend it for further use in contributing to comparative empirical research within the psychology of religion

Age of onset of myocardial infarction: is promoter polymorphism of the RAGE gene implicated?

Receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) is a cell-surface molecule member of the immunoglobulin superfamily and engages differing ligands relevant to distinct processes. A growing body of evidence has suggested that RAGE may promote vascular inflammation through several mechanisms. The objective of this study was to identify the possible relationship between the -374 T/A polymorphism of the RAGE gene, myocardial infarction (MI), and its age of onset. A total of 691 MI patients and 234 matched controls were investigated. In this study, the frequency of the A allele and AA genotype of the -374 T/A promoter polymorphism is significantly lower in patients with MI respect to the control group (p < 0.01). Our results showed a significant role of the AA genotype on age of onset of MI. In particular, the mean age of the first MI was higher in patients with the AA genotype as compared to those that were AT or TT genotype carriers (p = 0.002). The relationship between -374 T/A RAGE polymorphism and age for the appearance of MI was independently related to common risk factors of disease (p < 0.01). Kaplan-Meier curves confirmed that subjects with the AA genotype have a later development of MI (p = 0.0022). This study is the first to investigate the role of RAGE polymorphisms on the susceptibility to develop the acute coronary events in the Italian population and identified this polymorphism as an age-related factor for MI development. The homozygous AA genotype may exert a protective role against the early development of MI

Age of Onset of Myocardial Infarction: Is Promoter Polymorphism of the RAGE Gene Implicated?

Receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) is a cell-surface molecule member of the immunoglobulin superfamily and engages differing ligands relevant to distinct processes. A growing body of evidence has suggested that RAGE may promote vascular inflammation through several mechanisms. The objective of this study was to identify the possible relationship between the -374 T/A polymorphism of the RAGE gene, myocardial infarction (MI), and its age of onset. A total of 691 MI patients and 234 matched controls were investigated. In this study, the frequency of the A allele and AA genotype of the -374 T/A promoter polymorphism is significantly lower in patients with MI respect to the control group (p < 0.01). Our results showed a significant role of the AA genotype on age of onset of MI. In particular, the mean age of the first MI was higher in patients with the AA genotype as compared to those that were AT or TT genotype carriers (p = 0.002). The relationship between -374 T/A RAGE polymorphism and age for the appearance of MI was independently related to common risk factors of disease (p < 0.01). Kaplan-Meier curves confirmed that subjects with the AA genotype have a later development of MI (p = 0.0022). This study is the first to investigate the role of RAGE polymorphisms on the susceptibility to develop the acute coronary events in the Italian population and identified this polymorphism as an age-related factor for MI development. The homozygous AA genotype may exert a protective role against the early development of MI

Dynamic Stability, Symmetry, and Smoothness of Gait in People with Neurological Health Conditions

Neurological disorders such as stroke, Parkinson’s disease (PD), and severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) are leading global causes of disability and mortality. This study aimed to assess the ability to walk of patients with sTBI, stroke, and PD, identifying the differences in dynamic postural stability, symmetry, and smoothness during various dynamic motor tasks. Sixty people with neurological disorders and 20 healthy participants were recruited. Inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensors were employed to measure spatiotemporal parameters and gait quality indices during different motor tasks. The Mini-BESTest, Berg Balance Scale, and Dynamic Gait Index Scoring were also used to evaluate balance and gait. People with stroke exhibited the most compromised biomechanical patterns, with lower walking speed, increased stride duration, and decreased stride frequency. They also showed higher upper body instability and greater variability in gait stability indices, as well as less gait symmetry and smoothness. PD and sTBI patients displayed significantly different temporal parameters and differences in stability parameters only at the pelvis level and in the smoothness index during both linear and curved paths. This study provides a biomechanical characterization of dynamic stability, symmetry, and smoothness in people with stroke, sTBI, and PD using an IMU-based ecological assessment

Crohn's disease-related stoma complications and their impact on postsurgical course

Introduction: Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract. The diversion through a colostomy or an ileostomy is sometimes required for disease control. In these patients, common stoma-related complications sum up with CD-related complications and often require revisional surgery. Methods: The aim of the study was to assess stoma morbidity after surgery for CD and to identify the burden of CD-related complications. Details of past medical history, surgery and follow up of 54 consecutive patients operated on for CD with any sort of stoma were retrieved from the stoma therapist prospectively maintained database. Results: In our series, 23 patients had a colostomy, and 31 an ileostomy. CD-related complications arose in 8 patients (including pyoderma gangrenosus in 3 patients, peristomal fistulae in 2, granulomas in 2, and peristomal abscess in 1). Patients with CD-related complications had shorter disease duration (p=0.07) and, more frequently end-stoma (p=0.006). In this cohort, 11 cases had to be surgically treated for peristomal fistulae or abscess, parastomal hernia, prolapse, pyoderma gangrenosus and recurrent CD. Discussion/conclusions: In patients with CD, stoma creation is burdened by a high rate of postoperative complication and a relevant rate is specifically related to CD. Often these patients required to be re-operated on to re-do the stoma. Moreover, end stoma configuration and aggressive CD phenotype are associated to a higher rate of complications