Didática de Línguas adicionais e Integração Latino-Americana

Esta publicação contém uma coletânea de textos produzidos pelos participantes do Seminário Ibero-Americano da Diversidade Linguística, que aconteceu em Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, de 17 a 20 de novembro de 2014. O evento foi organizado pelo Departamento do Patrimônio Imaterial do Iphan e pela Diretoria de Relações Internacionais do Ministério da Cultura. Contou com a parceria e apoio da Universidade de Integração Latino-Americana (Unila), da Itaipu Binacional e da Secretaria Geral Ibero-americana (Segib)Para pensarmos o ensino de línguas adicionais na América Latina na atualidade, faz-se necessária a articulação de dois elementos: de uma parte, a criação de materiais didáticos, e de outra, o contexto da integração latino- americana. No que diz a respeito aos materiais didáticos, consideramos, com LEFFA (2003, p.14), que “a produção de materiais de ensino e uma área essencialmente prática. A teoria é importante na medida em que fornece o suporte teórico necessário para justificar cada atividade proposta, mas subjaz à atividade, podendo ou não ser explicitada”. O professor deve criar seus próprios materiais didáticos, segundo sua abordagem particular e assumindo as caraterísticas do grupo de alunos que tem na sala de aula. A produção de materiais didáticos, então, é resultado de uma boa formação teórica, além da experiência acumulada na prática com diferentes tipos de materiais e atividades em sala de aula. Esses materiais e atividades, no contexto da integração latino-americana, devem: 1). Inspirar-se no conceito de “comunicação intercultural”; 2) Alinhar-se com as diretrizes de certos documentos norteadores; 3) Basear-se em uma combinação de abordagens e métodos de ensino; 4) Ter em conta as últimas políticas linguísticas e educacionais; 5) Fundamentar-se em uma conceituação determinada da língua. Com esses elementos e possível criar um mapa conceptual que desenhe os aspetos que deve ter em conta um professor de línguas adicionais para virar um mediador interculturalDepartamento do Patrimônio Imaterial do Iphan; Diretoria de Relações Internacionais do Ministério da Cultura; Universidade de Integração Latino-Americana (Unila); Itaipu Binacional e da Secretaria Geral Ibero-americana (Segib

Make-or-buy configurational approaches in product-service ecosystems and performance

This research examines firm boundary configurations for manufacturers' product-service offerings. We argue that the building of a product-service ecosystem through collaboration with service providers in certain types of business services can increase performance as a result of the superior knowledge-based resources coming from specialized partners. By using fuzzy set qualitative analysis on a sample of 370 multinational manufacturing enterprises (MMNEs), the results reveal that effective servitization is heterogeneous across manufacturing industries and across business service offerings. The findings indicate that most industries achieve their highest performance through collaborations with value-added service providers in two out of three of the service continuum stages (Base and Intermediate services); while keeping the development of Advanced services in-house. The results help to contextualize the best practices for implementing service business models in MMNEs by detailing which service capabilities should be retained in-house and which should be outsourced to specialized partners in various industrial contexts.Peer ReviewedPreprin

Polish Students' Motivation to Learn Spanish as a Foreign Language

Over the past several years the number of students learning Spanish as a foreign language has doubled in Poland. The present article is an attempt at answering the following questions: Why is Spanish so popular in Polish schools and what are the reasons for choosing this language by Polish students? The authors wish to analyze the situation from the point of view of two types of motivation: internal (integral) motivation and external (instrumental) motivation. The results of our study have been compared to the results of corresponding studies carried out among Polish students learning German. At the opening of our deliberations we present the definitions and typical features of motivation. Next the typology and origin of motivation is discussed, which incorporates both the cognitive and affective approach. Finally, we submit the results of a pilot study performed among Polish middle school and high school students who learn Spanish.Over the past several years the number of students learning Spanish as a foreign language has doubled in Poland. The present article is an attempt at answering the following questions: Why is Spanish so popular in Polish schools and what are the reasons for choosing this language by Polish students? The authors wish to analyze the situation from the point of view of two types of motivation: internal (integral) motivation and external (instrumental) motivation. The results of our study have been compared to the results of corresponding studies carried out among Polish students learning German. At the opening of our deliberations we present the definitions and typical features of motivation. Next the typology and origin of motivation is discussed, which incorporates both the cognitive and affective approach. Finally, we submit the results of a pilot study performed among Polish middle school and high school students who learn Spanish

Desarrollo de plan estratégico para La Fageda 2014-2018

El objetivo es proponer un plan estratégico que contribuya con el desarrollo sostenible de una empresa social y busque, de esta manera, la oportunidad de convertir sus ventajas comparativas en ventajas competitivas que le permitan tener la oportunidad de ingresar a nuevos mercados demandantes de productos ecológicos y sociales. La Fageda es una empresa privada con sentido social y sin fines de lucro que brinda trabajo y asistencia especializada a personas con discapacidad intelectual o trastorno mental leve, que padecen enfermedades como la bipolaridad, la esquizofrenia o depresiones mayores. También brinda asistencia especializada a personas con trastorno mental severo o crónico, quienes -por su condición- están imposibilitados de desempeñar un trabajo. Estas personas no disponen de un sueldo por parte de la empresa, pero se les otorga el servicio de terapia ocupacional, cuentan con una pensión de la administración y residen en La Fageda a través de su fundación de Servicios Asistenciales de la Garrotxa. La problemática que se intenta resolver es lograr la sostenibilidad económica en caso que el gobierno central reduzca las cuotas de las subvenciones que impactan en el pago de las planillas de los trabajadores con discapacidad

Process of servitization in the publishing industry: the role of new business models

Objeto: El propósito de este artículo es analizar la orientación de las empresas editoriales hacia la incorporación de servicios y el nivel de integración de los mismos en la estructura de la empresa, así como el papel que desempeñan los nuevos modelos de negocio en este proceso. Para ello, en la presente investigación se propone la validación de las escalas de dos variables del modelo planteado: Orientación hacia la incorporación de servicios en el sector editorial y la medición de los nuevos modelos de negocio. Diseño/metodología: Este artículo primero discute la relación entre servitización y sistemas de producto-servicio. En segundo lugar, la relación entre servitización y nuevos modelos de negocio. Y posteriormente se realiza un estudio empírico a 204 editoriales españolas con respecto a estas variables, recogiendo la muestra a través de la Federación del Gremio de Editores de España (FGEE), utilizando como canal de recogida de datos a la plataforma Distribuidor de Información del Libro Español en Venta (DILVE). Aportaciones y resultados: Con el modelo que se plantea en el artículo se consigue establecer el mayor conjunto de determinantes de la servitización, analizando detenidamente el papel que desarrollan en este proceso los nuevos modelos de negocio en la industria editorial. De las diferentes variables analizadas -orientación de la empresa editorial hacia la incorporación de servicios, utilidad de los nuevos modelos de negocio y nivel de integración de servicios- nuestro estudio concluye con la validación de las escalas de las dos primeras variables. El tercer constructo no requiere de validación porque ya había sido previamente realizada en anteriores investigaciones. Al quedar validada la escala orientación hacia la incorporación de servicios para el sector editorial damos por cumplido una de las finalidades de la investigación, pudiendo concluir que esta escala se convierte en idónea como herramienta de medida propia que va a permitir valorar la transformación que está sufriendo el sector editorial. En lo referente a la escala utilidad de los nuevos modelos de negocio, podemos concluir que la utilización de los modelos de negocio es consecuencia directa del rediseño de la estructura empresarial que tiene que implantar la entidad si quiere disponer de una adecuada oferta de producto y servicio. Limitaciones: El estudio no se adentra en el análisis de los datos para obtener conclusiones sobre cuál es el nivel de integración de dichos servicios en las 204 empresas editoriales de la muestra. Este aspecto deberá ser incorporado en posteriores investigaciones. Valor añadido: El artículo sienta las bases de los determinantes de la servitización y de los nuevos modelos de negocio gracias al estudio teórico y a la justificación de las escalas que se han utilizado para su medición. Este modelo puede entenderse como punto de inicio para el desarrollo de numerosos modelos que relacionen la servitización y los nuevos modelos de negocio del sector editorial.Purpose: The purpose of this article is to analyze the orientation of the publishers to incorporate services and the level of their integration into the company structure. Additionally, the role of new business models in the process is analysed. To this end, this research aims to validate two scales of important variables related to the servitization process: Orientation towards services incorporation in the firm, and Importance of new business models in servitization processes. Design/methodology/approach: This article discusses the relationship between servitización and product-service systems. Besides, the relationship between servitización and new business models is studied. Finally, an empirical study using 204 Spanish publishers firms is carried out to validate two variables related to servitization in the publisher sector. Findings and Originality/value: The model proposed sheds light about the set of determinants of servitización, carefully analyzing the role played in this process by new business models in the publishing industry. With regards the variables analyzed -orientation towards incorporating services, use of new business models and service integration-, our study concludes with the scales validation of the first two variables. The third variable does not require validation because it had been previously done in precedent investigations. With the validation of the scale about the orientation towards incorporating services, one of the aims of the investigation is fulfilled. This scale becomes suitable as a measurement tool to better analyse the transformation that is suffering the publishing sector. With regards the utility of the scale about new business models, we can conclude that the use of business models is a direct consequence of redesigning corporate structures that has to implement if firms want to have an adequate supply of products and services. Research limitations/implications: The study does not obtain conclusions about the level of integration of these services in the 204 publishers analysed in the sample. This aspect should be incorporated in future research. Originality/value: The article establishes the determinants of the context of servitización associated to the incorporation of new business models. Besides, it provides novel scales to measure the variables analysed.Peer Reviewe

Mono- and bimetallic metal catalysts based on Ni and Ru supported on alumina-coated monoliths for CO2 methanation

5 figures, 4 tables.-- Supplementary information availableStructured reactors such as monoliths have some favorable properties over fixed bed reactors such as low pressure drop, ease in handling and fast heat and mass transfer. Some of these properties make them advantageous reactors for the catalytic reduction of CO2 contained in post-combustion gases. Mono- and bimetallic Ru and Ni catalysts on alumina-washcoated cordierite monoliths have been scrutinized for CO2 methanation. The methodology for the preparation of NiRu bimetallic catalysts has been optimized to obtain an outperforming monolithic catalyst. The catalyst providing the highest CH4 productivity corresponds to a bimetallic NiRu catalyst with a small amount of Ru, prepared by consecutive impregnation of Ni and Ru precursors with an intermediate reduction step. This catalyst consists of 2–4 nm Ni nanoparticles interspersed with atomic Ru homogeneously distributed on the alumina coating. This nanostructure endows the catalyst with the highest density of basic sites of medium strength and the highest degree of Ni oxidation in the passivated catalyst compared to the other tested catalysts. The bimetallic monolithic catalyst afforded a stable CO2 methanation activity at high space velocities and with a low pressure drop, reducing energy consumption.The Financial support from Spanish Ministry MINECO (project ENE2016-79282-C5-1-R), Gobierno de Aragón (Grupo Reconocido DGA T03_17R), and associated EU Regional Development Funds are gratefully acknowledged. The DICP team acknowledges the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21872144 and 21972140), Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program (XLYC1907053) and CAS Youth Innovation Promotion Association (2018220) for financial support. We acknowledge support of the publication fee by the CSIC Open Access Publication Support Initiative through its Unit of Information Resources for Research (URICI).Peer reviewe

Treble innovation firms: Antecedents, outcomes, and enhancing factors

Drawing on the interplay between strategic ambidexterity, resource-based view, and digital servitization, we conceptualize how the rise of digitalization and service business models in industrial settings have materialized in a distinctive category of innovation-oriented manufacturing firms, labeled as treble innovation firms. We propose that said firms are characterized by simultaneously developing the three types of technological innovation —process, product, and digital service. We use a random and representative survey of 423 Spanish manufacturing firms to analyze antecedents, outcomes, and enhancers of digital service innovation adoption in firms that already possess process and product innovations (i.e., dual innovation firms). We report several findings. First, treble innovation firms epitomize the new norm (rather than the exception), representing 21.7% of all manufacturing firms. Second, product leadership and open innovation breadth increase the probability that dual innovation firms implement digital service innovation. Third, treble innovation firms achieve considerably greater profit margins than dual innovation firms. Finally, treble innovation firms can enhance said profit advantage by adopting resource retrenchment and value migration practices.Spanish GovernmentGovernment of Andalusia A-SEJ-196-UGR20Portuguese Foundation for Science and TechnologyEuropean Commission UID/ECO/00124/2013 LISBOA-01-0145FEDER007722Social Sciences Data Lab 2220