Description d'une suceuse à air comprimé économique et utilisable par un seul plongeur = Description of a sucking-pipe sampler

A new type of sucking pipe sampler is described, using a scuba diving-tank for air-lift. A series of samplings may be performed by one single diver during one single diving

Morphological particularities of the head in four Carapidae (Ophidiiformes)

A study of the skull and the musculature of the oral and pharyngeal region of four adult Carapidae species (Encheliophis boraboreruis, E. homei. E. gracilis and Carapus acus) has been undertaken to compare it with the diet related characters. The cephalic organization of E. boraborensis and E. gracilis seems related to diet (mainly fishes and shrimps for the first one and holothurian tissues for the other): these species are respectively commensal and parasitic. Although the feeding characters of E. homei and C. acus are closely similar to those of E. boraborensis, there are sparse observations of holothurian tissues in their stomach contents. It is suggested that these fishes are commensal when they are adults and have parasitic tendency when they are juveniles

Morphology of the <i>Buccal apparatus</i> and related structures in four species of Carapidae

The aims of this study were (1) to compare the morphology of the Buccal apparatus, the suspensorium and the opercle in four species of Carapidae (Carapus acus, Encheliophis boraborensis, Encheliophis homei and Encheliophis gracilis) and (2) to investigate the relationships between their cranial anatomy, their carnivorous diet, and their well known ability to enter holothurians.The complex and strong dentition and the wide hyomandibular with thickenings that seem to suit the constraints of the adductor mandibulae muscles partly inserted on the neurocranium are signs of a carnivorous diet.C. acus, E. boraborensis and E. homei have extremely strong buccal pieces and can protrude their upper jaws. However, in E. gracilis, the jaws are more slender, and the insertions of the Al along the entire length of the maxillary associated with the lack of mobility between the maxillary and the premaxillary prevent buccal protrusion. These differences could be related to the diet: C. acus, E. boraborensis and E. homei can feed on fishes and crustaceans, whereas E. gracilis feeds only on holothurian tissue.The cephalic morphology of the four species is not incompatible with entering the host. However, the neutralisation of the suboperculum spine by 'cartilaginous' tissue could be considered to be a particular adaptation to this behaviour

[archive] Archief Bert Bussers.

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Distinctive Anatomical Features of the Branchial Basket in four Carapidae Species (Ophidiiformi, Paracanthopterygii)

The present study focuses on the branchial basket in four Carapidae species: Carapus acus , Encheliophis boraborensis , Encheliophis homei and Encheliophis gracilis . The aim is to highlight the skeletal and muscular features of the branchial basket, especially those that are believed to be related to their way of life and/or to be linked to the presence of primary sound-producing muscles. The space occupied by the primary sound-producing muscles between the neurocranium and the branchial basket gives rise to distinctive skeletal and muscular features. They prevent the 1st pharyngobranchials from becoming attached to the neurocranium in the normal way. These do not seem to play any role in the suspension of the upper pharyngeal jaws, as it is usually the case in teleosteans. The 1st epibranchials are separated from the 2nd pharyngobranchials. Ossified interarcual elements jointed to the 2nd pharyngobranchials and 1st epibranchials are found in the position usually occupied by the latter. The presence of primary sound-producing muscles gives rise to the need for the reorganisation of the musculature which is seen in particular with regards to the levatores branchiales. These are not found on the neurocranium but on the hyomandibular. The general skeletal and muscular data and the observations of the stomach contents suggest that the action of the branchial basket is restricted to carrying food in Carapus acus , Encheliophis boraborensis and Encheliophis homei , whereas it could also play a role in the work of cutting up soft food in Encheliophis gracilis

Structure et composition de la cuticule de macrobiotus Sp. et de milnesium tardigradum

La structure et la composition de la cuticule des tardigrades Macrobiotus sp. Milnesium tardigradum sont examinées. La cuticule est toujours constituée de deux couches distinctes ; elle se prolonge dans le stomodeum. Dans les deux espèces, la cuticule contient, outre la chitine, des mucopolysaccharides acides et des protéines. Ces constatations plaident en faveur d'un rapprochement des Tardigrates avec les Arthropodes.The structure and the composition of the cuticule of the Tardigrada Macrobiotus sp. and Milnesium tardigradum are studied. The cuticle is always made of two distinct layers extending to the stomodeum. By the two species, the cuticle contents, besides chitin, acid mucopolysaccharides and protids. These facts are arguments to bring nearer Tardigrades and Arthropods

Recherche de la chitine dans les productions métaplasmatiques de quelques ciliés

La chitine a été recherchée dans les productions métaplasmatiques (kystes, fourreaux, loricas, coques) de 22 espèces de Cilés en utilisant une micro-méthode spécifique basée sur l'emploi d'une chitinase microbienne concentrée et purifiée. Sur les 22 espèces étudiées, 14 élaborent des structures chitineuses. La biosynthèse de la chitine apparaît donc comme une propriété générale de la classes des Ciliés.The presence of Chitin has been searched in the metaplasmatic productions (cysts, loricas, shells) of 22 species of Ciliata, using a specific micromethod involving a powerful preparation of purified chitinase of microbial origin. Among these 22 species sofar studied, 14 are able to produce chitinous structures. The biosynthesis of chitin thus appears as a general property of the Class Ciliata

Chitinous Cuticle and Systematic Position of Tardigrada

The chitinous nature of the cuticle, jaws and stomodaeum of three species of Tardigrada has been definitely proven using a specific micromethod involving a preparation of purified chitinase. These chemical characteristics are in favour of the phylogenetic closeness between Tardigrada and the Arthropoda