22 research outputs found
Hot Phonons in an Electrically Biased Graphene Constriction
Phonon carrier interactions can have significant impact on device
performance. They can be probed by measuring the phonon lifetime, which
reflects the interaction strength of a phonon with other quasi-particles in
particular charge carriers as well as its companion phonons. The carrier phonon
and phonon-phonon contributions to the phonon lifetime can be disentangled from
temperature dependent studies. Here, we address the importance of phonon
carrier interactions in Joule-heated graphene constrictions in order to
contribute to the understanding of energy dissipation in graphene based
electronic devices. We demonstrate that gapless graphene grants electron phonon
interactions uncommon significance in particular at low carrier density. In
conventional semiconductors, the bandgap usually prevents the decay of phonons
through electron-hole generation and also in metals or other semimetals the
Fermi temperature is excessively large to enter the regime where electron
phonon coupling plays such a dominant role as in graphene in the investigated
phonon temperature regime from 300 to 1600 K.Comment: Nano Letters (Web publication on 30th Dec. 2009,
DOI:10.1021/nl903167f
Gate Voltage Controllable Non-Equilibrium and Non-Ohmic Behavior in Suspended Carbon Nanotubes
Large Modulations in the Intensity of Raman-Scattered Light from Pristine Carbon Nanotubes
Fabrication of a Lift-Out Grid with Electrical Contacts for Focused Ion Beam Preparation of Lamella for In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy
Safety of Recombinant VSV–Ebola Virus Vaccine Vector in Pigs
The ongoing Ebola outbreak in West Africa has resulted in fast-track development of vaccine candidates. We tested a vesicular stomatitis virus vector expressing Ebola virus glycoprotein for safety in pigs. Inoculation did not cause disease and vaccine virus shedding was minimal, which indicated that the vaccine virus does not pose a risk of dissemination in pigs