Power-law expansion cosmology in Schr\"odinger-type formulation

We investigate non-linear Schr\"{o}dinger-type formulation of cosmology of which our cosmological system is a general relativistic FRLW universe containing canonical scalar field under arbitrary potential and a barotropic fluid with arbitrary spatial curvatures. We extend the formulation to include phantom field case and we have found that Schr\"{o}dinger wave function in this formulation is generally non-normalizable. Assuming power-law expansion, $a \sim t^q$, we obtain scalar field potential as function of time. The corresponding quantities in Schr\"{o}dinger-type formulation such as Schr\"{o}dinger total energy, Schr\"{o}dinger potential and wave function are also presented.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures, Revtex 4, accepted by Astroparticle Physics, more Ref. adde

Universal dielectric loss in amorphous solids from simultaneous bias and microwave field

We derive the ac dielectric loss in glasses due to resonant processes created by two-level systems and a swept electric field bias. It is shown that at sufficiently large ac fields and bias sweep rates the nonequilibrium loss tangent created by the two fields approaches a universal maximum determined by the bare linear dielectric permittivity. In addition this nonequilibrium loss tangent is derived for a range of bias sweep rates and ac amplitudes and show that the loss tangent creates a predicted loss function that can be understood in a Landau-Zener theory and which can be used to extract the TLS density, dipole moment, and relaxation rate.Comment: To appear in Physical Review Letters, 4 pages, 3 figure