467 research outputs found
Neighborhood-Based social capital and life satisfaction
In this study, we examine the relationship between neighborhood-based social capital and residentsâ life satisfaction by considering resident heterogeneity. Using a database of the city of Rotterdam, The Netherlands, we find a small but significant positive association between neighborhood-based social capital and individual life satisfaction. However, we also find considerable differences among residents because neighborhood-based social capital is important mainly for people who are more likely to spend considerable time in the neighborhood or who are more neighborhood dependent (i.e. less-educated people, people who live on welfare, people with poor health, retired people, and those who are divorced or widowed). Our results confirm the importance of neighborhood-based social capital for residentsâ life satisfaction in terms of both actual social contacts with neighbors and the perceived social cohesion within a neighborhood. At the same time, the importance of neighborhood-based social capital varies among different groups of residents. These findings have important implications for policy-makers
Photosynthetic characteristics of five high light and low light exposed microalgaea as measured with 14C-uptake and oxygen electrode techniques
#Tetraselmis suecica, #Thalassiosira pseudonana, #Chaetoceros calcitrans, #Isochrysis galbana et #Microcystis sp.$ ont Ă©tĂ© utilisĂ©es pour dĂ©terminer leurs capacitĂ©s d'adaptation et pour tester les diffĂ©rences entre les deux mĂ©thodes de mesure. Les cultures avaient Ă©tĂ© exposĂ©es Ă un Ă©clairement fort (HL) ou Ă un Ă©clairement faible (LL) pendant deux jours avant l'expĂ©rience. L'efficacitĂ© de la conversion de la lumiĂšre (...) et l'activitĂ© photosynthĂ©tique spĂ©cifique maximale par unitĂ© de chlorophylle (...) ont Ă©tĂ© gĂ©nĂ©ralement plus Ă©levĂ©es pour les cultures LL. Les divers paramĂštres photosynthĂ©tiques mesurĂ©s par la mĂ©thode de l'Ă©lectrode Ă oxygĂšne ont Ă©tĂ© diffĂ©rents de ceux obtenus par celle du 14C. Les importantes diffĂ©rences de quotient photosynthĂ©tique (O2/CO2), observĂ©es aussi bien entre cultures HL et LL d'une mĂȘme espĂšce qu'entre espĂšces diffĂ©rentes, soulignent la difficultĂ© de convertir les productions d'oxygĂšne en assimilation de carbone. (D'aprĂšs rĂ©sumĂ© d'auteur
Spatial structure and subjective well-being in North-West Europe
This study examines the relationship between regionsâ spatial organization and subjective well-being in North-West
Europe. Combining data on life satisfaction with data on the spatial structure of regions, we find that the degree of
polycentricism is positively associated and dispersion is negatively associated with life satisfaction. At the same time,
the results indicate that in more dispersed regions, people experience more positive effects of polycentric structures
than in more centralized regions, while residents of more urbanized polycentric regions report lower levels of life
satisfaction compared with residents of less urbanized polycentric regions. Likewise, the findings suggest that urban
residents living in polycentric regions are less satisfied compared with their rural counterparts
Spatial structure and subjective well-being in North-West Europe
This study examines the relationship between regionsâ spatial organization and subjective well-being in North-West Europe. Combining data on life satisfaction with data on the spatial structure of regions, we find that the degree of polycentricism is positively associated and dispersion is negatively associated with life satisfaction. At the same time, the results indicate that in more dispersed regions, people experience more positive effects of polycentric structures than in more centralized regions, while residents of more urbanized polycentric regions report lower levels of life satisfaction compared with residents of less urbanized polycentric regions. Likewise, the findings suggest that urban residents living in polycentric regions are less satisfied compared with their rural counterparts
A limited sampling schedule to estimate individual pharmacokinetics of pemetrexed in patients with varying renal functions
Purpose: Pemetrexed is a widely used cytostatic agent with an established exposureâresponse relationship. Although dosing is based on body surface area (BSA), large interindividual variability in pemetrexed plasma concentrations is observed. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) can be a feasible strategy to reduce variability in specific cases leading to potentially optimized pemetrexed treatment. The aim of this study was to develop a limited sampling schedule (LSS) for the assessment of pemetrexed pharmacokinetics. Methods: Based on two real-life datasets, several limited sampling designs were evaluated on predicting clearance, using NONMEM, based on mean prediction error (MPE %) and normalized root mean squared error (NRMSE %). The predefined criteria for an acceptable LSS were: a maximum of four sampling time points within 8 h with an MPE and NRMSE †20%. Results: For an accurate estimation of clearance, only four samples in a convenient window of 8 h were required for accurate and precise prediction (MPE and NRMSE of 3.6% and 5.7% for dataset 1 and of 15.5% and 16.5% for dataset 2). A single sample at t = 24 h performed also within the criteria with MPE and NRMSE of 5.8% and 8.7% for dataset 1 and of 11.5% and 16.4% for dataset 2. Bias increased when patients had lower creatinine clearance. Conclusions: We presented two limited sampling designs for estimation of pemetrexed pharmacokinetics. Either one can be used based on preference and feasibility
O uso de praias arenosas com diferentes concentraçÔes humanas por espĂ©cies de aves limĂcolas (Charadriidae e Scolopacidae) neĂĄrticas no sudeste do Brasil
Carcinoembryonic antigen-specific, fluorescent image-guided cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for metastatic colorectal cancer
Influence of s± symmetry on unconventional superconductivity in pnictides above the Pauli limit â two-band model study
Quantificação das BactĂ©rias SĂłlido-Aderidas, BactĂ©rias e ProtozoĂĄrios LĂquido-Associados do RĂșmen de Bovinos Jovens Alimentados com AmirĂ©ia
Risk of cancer in children and young adults conceived by assisted reproductive technology
STUDY QUESTION: Do children conceived by ART have an increased risk of cancer?
SUMMARY ANSWER: Overall, ART-conceived children do not appear to have an increased risk of cancer.
WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Despite the increasing use of ART, i.e. IVF or ICSI worldwide, information about possible long-term
health risks for children conceived by these techniques is scarce.
STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: A nationwide historical cohort study with prospective follow-up (median 21 years), including all
live-born offspring from women treated with subfertility treatments between 1980 and 2001.
PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: All offspring of a nationwide cohort of subfertile women (OMEGA study)
treated in one of the 12 Dutch IVF clinics or two fertility clinics. Of 47 690 live-born children, 24 269 were ART-conceived, 13 761 naturally
conceived and 9660 were conceived naturally or through fertility drugs, but not by ART. Information on the conception method of each child
and potential confounders were collected through the mothersâ questionnaires and medical records. Cancer incidence was ascertained
through linkage with The Netherlands Cancer Registry from 1 January 1989 until 1 November 2016. Cancer risk in ART-conceived children
was compared with risks in naturally conceived children from subfertile women (hazard ratios [HRs]) and with the general population (standardized incidence ratios [SIRs]).
MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: The median follow-up was 21 years (interquartile range (IQR): 17â25) and was shorter in ART-conceived children (20 years, IQR: 17â23) compared with naturally conceived children (24 years, IQR: 20â30). In total, 231 cancers were observed. Overall cancer risk was not increased in ART-conceived children, neither compared with naturally conceived children
from subfertile women (HR: 1.00, 95% CI 0.72â1.38) nor compared with the general population (SIR = 1.11, 95% CI: 0.90â1.36). From
18 years of age onwards, the HR of cancer in ART-conceived versus naturally conceived individuals was 1.25 (95% CI: 0.73â2.13). Slightly but
non-significantly increased risks were observed in children conceived by ICSI or cryopreservation (HR = 1.52, 95% CI: 0.81â2.85; 1.80, 95%
CI: 0.65â4.95, respectively). Risks of lymphoblastic leukemia (HR = 2.44, 95% CI: 0.81â7.37) and melanoma (HR = 1.86, 95% CI: 0
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