Spatiotemporal controls of tooth-supportive structure neogenesis by 3D printing technology

At present, various tissue engineering strategies in the regenerative medicine have been developed for multiple tissue regeneration and integrative structure formations in musculoskeletal system. However, the regenerations of dental tissues or tooth-supportive structures are still challenging due to the micro-interfacial compartmentalization of multiple tissues, their integrations for systematic responses, and spatiotemporal organizations of engineered fibrous tissues. In particular, the biomaterial-based approaches are limitedly investigated for spatiotemporal controls of periodontal regenerations and challenging to promote micron-scaled interfacial tissue compartmentalization with their integrations for functioning restorations. This chapter demonstrates biomaterial applications for periodontal tissue engineering and the advanced 3D fabrication technologies for preclinical applications and the limited clinical trial using 3D scaffolding systems.N