409 research outputs found
Rotating Black Hole Thermodynamics with a Particle Probe
The thermodynamics of Myers-Perry black holes in general dimensions are
studied using a particle probe. When undergoing particle absorption, the
changes of the entropy and irreducible mass are shown to be dependent on the
particle radial momentum. The black hole thermodynamic behaviors are dependent
on dimensionality for specific rotations. For a 4-dimensional Kerr black hole,
its black hole properties are maintained for any particle absorption.
5-dimensional black holes can avoid a naked ring singularity by absorbing a
particle in specific momenta ranges. Black holes over 6 dimensions become
ultra-spinning black holes through a specific form of particle absorption. The
microscopical changes are interpreted in limited cases of Myers-Perry black
holes using Kerr/CFT correspondence. We systematically describe the black hole
properties changed by particle absorption in all dimensions.Comment: 14 page
Proposal for reading out anyon qubits in non-abelian quantum Hall state
To detect non-abelian statistics in the quantum Hall state
through interferometry, we apply an analysis similar to the ones proposed for
the non-abelian quantum Hall state. The result is that the
amplitude of the Aharonov-Bohm oscillation of this interference is dependent on
the internal states of quasiholes, but, in contrast to the quantum
Hall state, independent of the number of quasiholes. However, if the quasiholes
are in a superposition state, it is necessary for the interferometer to have
certain additional features to obtain the coefficients.Comment: 16 pages, 2 figures, Latex. Reference added, some errors corrected,
some content changed, some changes in the abstrac
Observation of Scarred Modes in Asymmetrically Deformed Microcylinder Lasers
We report observation of lasing in the scarred modes in an asymmetrically
deformed microcavity made of liquid jet. The observed scarred modes correspond
to morphology-dependent resonance of radial mode order 3 with their Q values in
the range of 10^6. Emission directionality is also observed, corresponding to a
hexagonal unstable periodic orbit.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figure
A tetraspecific VHH-based neutralizing antibody modifies disease outcome in three animal models of Clostridium difficile infection
Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), a leading cause of nosocomial infection, is a serious disease in North America, Europe, and Asia. CDI varies greatly from asymptomatic carriage to life-threatening diarrhea, toxic megacolon, and toxemia. The incidence of community-acquired infection has increased due to the emergence of hypervirulent antibiotic-resistant strains. These new strains contribute to the frequent occurrence of disease relapse, complicating treatment, increasing hospital stays, and increasing morbidity and mortality among patients. Therefore, it is critical to develop new therapeutic approaches that bypass the development of antimicrobial resistance and avoid disruption of gut microflora. Here, we describe the construction of a single heteromultimeric VHH-based neutralizing agent (VNA) that targets the two primary virulence factors of Clostridium difficile, toxins A (TcdA) and B (TcdB). Designated VNA2-Tcd, this agent has subnanomolar toxin neutralization potencies for both C. difficile toxins in cell assays. When given systemically by parenteral administration, VNA2-Tcd protected against CDI in gnotobiotic piglets and mice and to a lesser extent in hamsters. Protection from CDI was also observed in gnotobiotic piglets treated by gene therapy with an adenovirus that promoted the expression of VNA2-Tcd
Pointlike structure for super p-branes
We present an efficient method to understand the p-brane dynamics in a
unified framework. For this purpose, we reformulate the action for super
p-branes in the form appropriate to incorporate the pointlike (parton)
structure of higher dimensional p-branes and intend to interpret the p-brane
dynamics as the collective dynamics of superparticles. In order to examine such
a parton picture of super p-branes, we consider various superparticle
configurations that can be reduced from super p-branes, especially, a
supermembrane, and study the partonic structure of classical p-brane solutions.Comment: 22 pages, corrected typos, to appear in Phys. Rev. D58, 085018 (1998
The vacuum bubbles in de Sitter background and black hole pair creation
We study the possible types of the nucleation of vacuum bubbles. We classify
vacuum bubbles in de Sitter background and present some numerical solutions.
The thin-wall approximation is employed to obtain the nucleation rate and the
radius of vacuum bubbles. With careful analysis we confirm that Parke's formula
is also applicable to the large true vacuum bubbles. The nucleation of the
false vacuum bubble in de Sitter background is also evaluated. The tunneling
process in the potential with degenerate vacua is analyzed as the limiting
cases of the large true vacuum bubble and false vacuum bubble. Next, we
consider the pair creation of black holes in the background of bubble
solutions. We obtain static bubble wall solutions of junction equation with
black hole pair. The masses of created black holes are uniquely determined by
the cosmological constant and surface tension on the wall. Finally, we obtain
the rate of pair creation of black holes.Comment: 3 figures, minor including errors and typos corrected, and refs.
adde
Quantum Aspects of Supersymmetric Maxwell Chern-Simons Solitons
We study the various quantum aspects of the supersymmetric Maxwell
Chern-Simons vortex systems. The fermion zero modes around the vortices will
give rise the degenerate states of vortices. We analyze the angular momentum of
these zero modes and apply the result to get the supermultiplet structures of
the vortex. The leading quantum correction to the mass of the vortex coming
from the mode fluctuations is also calculated using various methods depending
on the value of the coefficient of the Chern-Simons term to be zero,
infinite and finite, separately. The mass correction is shown to vanish for all
cases. Fermion numbers of vortices are also discussed.Comment: 40 pages, ReVTeX, HYUPT-94/04 SNUTP 94-6
A Holographic Model of Strange Metals
We give a review on our recent work arXiv:1006.0779 [hep-th] and
arXiv:1006.1719 [hep-th], in which properties of holographic strange metals
were investigated. The background is chosen to be anisotropic scaling solution
in Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton theory with a Liouville potential. The effects of
bulk Maxwell field, an extra U(1) gauge field and probe D-branes on the DC
conductivity, the DC Hall conductivity and the AC conductivity are extensively
analyzed. We classify behaviors of the conductivities according to the
parameter ranges in the bulk theory and characterize conditions when the
holographic results can reproduce experimental data.Comment: 34 pages, 15 figures, minor correction
Dynamics of false vacuum bubbles in Brans-Dicke theory
We study the dynamics of false vacuum bubbles in the Brans-Dicke theory of
gravity by using the thin shell or thin wall approximation. We consider a false
vacuum bubble that has a different value for the Brans-Dicke field between the
inside false vacuum region and the outside true vacuum region. Within a certain
limit of field values, the difference of field values makes the effective
tension of the shell negative. This allows new expanding false vacuum bubbles
to be seen by the outside observer, which are disallowed in Einstein gravity.Comment: 29 pages, 20 figure
SO/Sp Monopoles and Branes with Orientifold 3 Plane
We study BPS monopoles in 4 dimensional N=4 SO(N) and super
Yang-Mills theories realized as the low energy effective theory of
(physical and its mirror) parallel D3 branes and an {\it Orientifold 3 plane}
with D1 branes stretched between them in type IIB string theory. Monopoles on
D3 branes give the natural understanding by embedding in SU(N) through the
constraints on both the asymptotic Higgs field (corresponding to the horizontal
positions of D3 branes) and the magnetic charges (corresponding to the number
of D1 branes) imposed by the O3 plane. The compatibility conditions of Nahm
data for monopoles for these groups can be interpreted very naturally through
the D1 branes in the presence of O3 plane.Comment: 18 pages, Latex with RevTex, 1 table, 4 figures, v2: Clarified the
introduction and improved on the supersymmetric theory on D1 branes in page 7
and 8 and this final version to appear in Phys.Rev.
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