Detection methods for the Cherenkov Telescope Array at very-short exposure times

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will be the next generation ground-based observatory for very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray astronomy, with the deployment of tens of highly sensitive and fast-reacting Cherenkov telescopes. It will cover a wide energy range (20 GeV - 300 TeV) with unprecedented sensitivity. To maximize the scientific return, the observatory will be provided with an online software system that will perform the first analysis of scientific data in real-time. This study investigates the precision and accuracy of available science tools and analysis techniques for the short-term detection of gamma-ray sources, in terms of sky localization, detection significance and, if significant detection is achieved, a first estimation of the integral photon flux. The scope is to evaluate the feasibility of the algorithms' implementation in the real-time analysis of CTA. In this contribution we present a general overview of the methods and some of the results for the test case of the short term detection of a gamma-ray burst afterglow, as the VHE counterpart of a gravitational wave event

Concepts of health, disease, and treatment in a rural village of Senegal

In order to carry out an efficacious training programme for community health workers (CHWs) in a rural village of Senegal, we considered it useful to conduct a study on the conceptions of health, sickness and treatment of the village community. The study was conducted by four nurses and a physician, with the collaboration of an anthropologist, using the research method of ethno-nursing, with the aid of semi-structured interviews. People in the study areas have integrated conceptions deriving from biomedicine into their local knowledge and practice. Two interpretations are attributed to the concept of health: ‘‘individualistic’’ and those that perceive health as an effect of harmony at a social level; some describe the human body using elements of anatomy and physiology, while others understand it as a means of relating between environment and society; sickness is placed in relation to biological agents, but also to the world of the supernatural. The treatment of sickness is entrusted in part to modern medicine and in part to traditional healers. The training programme for the CHWs should take into account the conceptions of health, sickness and treatment of the village population. The traditional healers could be involved in a more active collaboration