Frequency of Central Nervous System Anomalies Associated with Hydrocephalus Diagnosed by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in all Ages

Hydrocephalus is a medical condition which is physiologically recognized by elevated intracranial pressure. It occurs mostly as a consequence of certain central nervous system pathologies such as Chiari malformation type I and II, myelomeningocele, space occupying lesions, TBM, Bacterial meningitis, glioblastoma, traumatic brain injuries along with hemorrhage. It is clinically recognized by many stellar signs such as seizures, dementia, gait disturbances and bradycardia along with sleep apnea. The main purpose of our research paper was to carefully evaluate the frequency of different CNS pathologies which represent as the etiology of raised intracranial pressure in all ages. The duration of study was from 01 June 2018 to 01 June 2019 at Lahore General Hospital, Pakistan. A retrospective cross-sectional study included 120 patients which were admitted to Neuro-Radiology department with provisional diagnosis of hydrocephalus along with the associated clinical manifestations. The patients were chosen through convenient sampling technique. All the examined patients included males and females of all ages.  Overall 120 patients were included in this study. Out of 120 patients; males were 70 (41.6%) and females were 50 (33.6%) in this study population.  The central nervous system pathology which was found to be most frequently associated with hydrocephalus was space occupying lesion 25 % (30cases) with mean age of 38.8, seconded by TBM 11.6 % (14cases) with the mean age of 37.2; glioma 9.1% (11cases) with mean age of 42 and SAH  8.3% (10cases) with the mean age of 48.8.  In conclusion, MRI was the gold standard modality for the evaluation of hydrocephalus due to central nervous system pathologies