The Present Participle Mark-ing in East Midland Middle English: A Corpus Study

The present paper contains a description of the distribution of the typical forms of the present participle marker in the East Midland dialect, one which also incorporates the relatively autonomous dialectal areas of East Anglia and London. The major contrasting characteristic of the conservative and the advanced types was materialised in the opposition between the old nd-forms and the new ng-forms. The evidence for the present study comes from the prose and poetic texts of the 13th–15th centuries compiled in the electronic versions of the Innsbruck computer archive of machine-readable English texts (ICAMET), Penn-Helsinki parsed corpus of Middle English (PPCME2), Chadwyck-Healey’s English poetry full-text database, The Auchinleck manuscript, and the Michigan Corpus of Middle English prose and verse. The selected texts are those from localized manuscripts, established on the basis of the Catalogue of sources for a linguistic atlas of Early Medieval English (LAEME) and A linguistic atlas of Late Mediaeval English (LALME). The present contribution is another instalment in a series of papers devoted to the rise and spread of the present participle form -ing(e) in Middle English

The role of the midwife in puerperium care of women with HELLP syndrome, considering the impact of the disease on the mother-child relationship

HELLP syndrome is a disease whose symptoms include haemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and significantly reduced platelet counts. Usually, this pathology is a severe complication of pre-eclampsia, and it reveals itself between the 27th and 37th weeks of pregnancy or during the first 48 hours of postpartum puerperium. It is a relatively rare condition, diagnosed in fewer than 1% of pregnant women. Clinical manifestations are nonspecific, variable, and mainly dependent on the circulatory system. In many cases, this pregnancy complication results in the mother and child being separated, causing the disruption of lactation initiation and rela-tionship building. Consequently, the newborn may have difficulty adapting to ectopic conditions. The aim of our ‘case study’ is to present characteristics of HELLP syndrome and the difficulties posed for relationship building. The nursing process was developed using the ICNP® method