Low Grade Myofibroblastic Sarcoma Of The Breast: Case Report And Review Of The Literature

Background: Myofibroblastic sarcomas of the breast are rare neoplasms, with aggressive behavior, wich mainly affects individuals 46-81 years old, predominantly females. They are malignant tumors composed of myofibroblasts, cells with an important role in inflammatory processes.Methods and Findings:  This study, which was performed at the Hospital Geral Waldemar de Alcântara (Waldemar de Alcântara General Hospital) of the city of Fortaleza / Ceará / Brazil, reports a case of myofibroblastic sarcoma of the breast and conducts a literature review on the subject. It is about a female patient, 51, who presented, on the left breast, a mass of rapid growth, which reached about 20 cm (7,9 inches). The diagnosis was confirmed by histology and immunohistochemistry of material obtained by incisional biopsy of the lesion, showing up non-metastatic myofibrosarcoma of the breast. The treatment was simple left mastectomy and adjuvant radiotherapy, with follow-up every six months. Since this type of cancer is rare, treatment is not well established, so more studies are needed on this subject.Conclusion: The current consensus is the complete excision of the lesion; adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy may be performed. This is one of the few cases of mammary myofibrosarcoma reported in the literature and contributes to the recognition of this rare type of tumor.