Evaluation of aortic valve stenosis from Phase-Contrast Magnetic Resonance data using a new automated segmentation and analysis method: Comparison against Doppler Echocardiography

International audiencen.

Age-related variations in left ventricular diastolic parameters assessed automatically from phase-contrast cardiovascular magnetic resonance data: comparison against doppler echocardiography

International audienceRelationship with age and comparison of phase-contrast- CMR and Doppler-echocardiography derived left ventricular diastolic function parameters in asymptomatic individuals with preserved ejection fraction

La perspective narrative dans les séries « Cop and Lab ». Quelles contributions aux représentations du monde scientifique et technique ?

Les séries américaines comme Les Experts et Bones connaissent aujourd’hui un succès populaire incontestable. Tout en divertissant les spectateurs, ces séries placent la science et la technique au cœur même de leur propos : l’action se déroule dans un environnement scientifique, les personnages incarnent des scientifiques, l’intrigue même est portée par la science et la technique. Si elles ne prétendent pas être vraies ou réelles, elles jouent malgré tout sur le registre du vraisemblable. Quelles représentations de la science et de la technique ces séries américaines contemporaines véhiculent-elles ? Comment le récit délivré dans chaque épisode embarque-t-il la science et la technique pour en faire une fiction cohérente et attractive ? Notre propos est de montrer sur quels mécanismes sont fondés les liens entre science, technique et récit.Pour y répondre, nous suivons deux pistes complémentaires. La première vise à mieux comprendre l’articulation entre l’enquête policière au cœur de ces « Cop and doc shows » et l’investigation scientifique. La seconde étudie les représentations de la science et de la technique qui circulent et font le récit. L’analyse comparée de plusieurs épisodes fait ressortir les points communs ou distinctifs entre ces deux séries et met en évidence différentes formes d’interaction entre science, technique et récit. Elle souligne également les potentialités narratives de la science et de la technique dans ce type de productions télévisées associées au divertissement.American series like The Experts and Bone have been met today with incontestable popular success. All while entertaining the views, these series place science and technology at the heart of their subjects: the action takes place in a scientific environment; the characters represent scientists; the story itself is carried by science and technology. If they do not attempt to be true or real, they work in the register of credibility. What representation of science and technology do these contemporary American series convey? How does the story related in each episode make use of science and technology to make a coherent and attractive fiction? Our goal is to show the mechanisms on which the links between science, technology, and the story are founded. To do this, we will follow two complementary lines of thought. The first aims to better understand the articulation between the police investigation at the heart of “Cop and doc shows” and scientific investigation. The second studies representations of science and technology that circulate and help construct the story. The comparative analysis of several episodes reveals the common and distinctive points between these two series and highlights different forms of interaction between science, technology, and the story. It also underlines the narratives potentialities of science and technology in this type of television production associated with entertainment

Use of a Biodegradable, Contrast-Filled Rectal Spacer Balloon in Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy for Intermediate-Risk Prostate Cancer Patients: Dosimetric Gains in the BioPro-RCMI-1505 Study

International audienceBackground/purpose Dose-escalated external beam radiotherapy (RT) is effective in the control of prostate cancer but is associated with a greater incidence of rectal adverse events. We assessed the dosimetric gain and safety profile associated with implantation of a new biodegradable rectal spacer balloon. Materials/methods Patients scheduled for image-guided, intensity-modulated RT for intermediate-risk prostate cancer were prospectively included in the French multicenter BioPro-RCMI-1505 study (NCT02478112). We evaluated the dosimetric gain, implantation feasibility, adverse events (AEs), and prostate-cancer-specific quality of life associated with use of the balloon spacer. Results After a scheduled review of the initial recruitment target of 50 patients by the study’s independent data monitoring committee (IDMC), a total of 24 patients (including 22 with dosimetry data) were included by a single center between November 2016 and May 2018. The interventional radiologist who implanted the balloons considered that 86% of the procedures were easy. 20 of the 24 patients (83.3%) received IMRT and 4 (16.7%) received volumetric modulated arc therapy (78-80 Gy delivered in 39 fractions). The dosimetric gains associated with spacer implantation were highly significant (p<0.001) for most variables. For the rectum, the median (range) relative gain ranged from 15.4% (-9.2−47.5) for D20cc to 91.4% (36.8−100.0) for V70 Gy (%). 15 patients (62%) experienced an acute grade 1 AE, 8 (33%) experienced a late grade 1 AE, 1 (4.2%) experienced an acute grade 2 AE, and 3 experienced a late grade 2 AE. No grade 3 AEs were reported. Quality of life was good at baseline (except for sexual activity) and did not markedly worsen during RT and up to 24 months afterwards. Conclusion The use of a biodegradable rectal spacer balloon is safe, effective and associated with dosimetric gains in modern RT for intermediate-risk prostate cancer

Recurrent liver abscess secondary to ingested fish bone migration: report of a case.

ERMAInternational audiencePyogenic liver abscess is an unusual cause of fever and abdominal pain, but it is potentially fatal. It is rarely caused by a local event, but rather by hematogenous dissemination or biliary tract disease. We report an uncommon case of liver abscess caused by the migration of a fish bone through the gastrointestinal wall

Evaluation of Aortic Valve Stenosis Using Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance: Comparison of an Original Semiautomated Analysis of Phase-Contrast Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance With Doppler Echocardiography

International audienceBackground: Accurate quantification of aortic valve stenosis (AVS) is needed for relevant management decisions. However, transthoracic Doppler echocardiography (TTE) remains inconclusive in a significant number of patients. Previous studies demonstrated the usefulness of phase-contrast cardiovascular magnetic resonance (PC-CMR) in noninvasive AVS evaluation. We hypothesized that semiautomated analysis of aortic hemodynamics from PC-CMR might provide reproducible and accurate evaluation of aortic valve area (AVA), aortic velocities, and gradients in agreement with TTE.Methods and results: We studied 53 AVS patients (AVA(TTE)=0.87±0.44 cm(2)) and 21 controls (AVA(TTE)=2.96±0.59 cm(2)) who had TTE and PC-CMR of aortic valve and left ventricular outflow tract on the same day. PC-CMR data analysis included left ventricular outflow tract and aortic valve segmentation, and extraction of velocities, gradients, and flow rates. Three AVA measures were performed: AVA(CMR1) based on Hakki formula, AVA(CMR2) based on continuity equation, AVA(CMR3) simplified continuity equation=left ventricular outflow tract peak flow rate/aortic peak velocity. Our analysis was reproducible, as reflected by low interoperator variability (0.94 and mean bias=-0.01±0.38 cm(2) for AVA(CMR2), -0.09±0.28 cm(2) for AVA(CMR3)), AVA(CMR1) values were lower than AVA(TTE) especially for higher AVA (mean bias=-0.45±0.52 cm(2)). Besides, ability of PC-CMR to detect severe AVS, defined by TTE, provided the best results for continuity equation-based methods (accuracy >94%).Conclusions: Our PC-CMR semiautomated AVS evaluation provided reproducible measurements that accurately detected severe AVS and were in good agreement with TTE

Are Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Transrectal Ultrasound Guided Targeted Biopsies Noninferior to Transrectal Ultrasound Guided Systematic Biopsies for the Detection of Prostate Cancer?

International audiencePURPOSE: In men with suspicion of prostate cancer the standard of cancer detection is transrectal ultrasound guided 10 to 12-core systematic biopsy. The targeted biopsy only strategy using magnetic resonance imaging-transrectal ultrasound image registration is gaining in popularity. We assessed the noninferiority of targeted vs systematic biopsy.MATERIALS AND METHODS:Between June and October 2014 a total of 108 biopsy naïve patients with prostate specific antigen between 4 and 20 ng/ml, normal rectal examination and a single suspicious image on magnetic resonance imaging were included in study at 7 centers. Patients underwent systematic biopsy by a first operator blinded to magnetic resonance imaging, immediately followed by 3 targeted biopsies within the suspicious image by a second operator. The primary end point was the cancer detection rate. The noninferiority margin was set at -5%. The secondary end points were the detection rate of clinically significant prostate cancer (maximum cancer core length 5 mm or greater for Gleason 6 or any Gleason 7 or greater disease) and procedure duration.RESULTS:Systematic and targeted biopsies detected cancer in 66 (61.1%) and 61 patients (56.5%), respectively. The mean difference was -4.5% with a 95% CI lower bound of -11.8%. A total of 13 patients with protocol violations were excluded from the per protocol analysis, which showed a mean difference of -5.2% with a 95% CI lower bound of -13.1%. Clinically significant prostate cancer was detected in 50 (46.2%) and 52 patients (48.1%) with systematic and targeted biopsies, respectively (p = 0.69). The mean ± SD duration of image fusion plus targeted biopsy was 16.7 ± 7 minutes vs 7.4 ± 3 for systematic biopsy (p <0.001).CONCLUSIONS:Targeted biopsy seemed to be inferior to systematic biopsy for overall cancer detection. Detection of clinically significant prostate cancer did not differ between targeted and systematic biopsies

Assessment of diastolic function from velocity-encoded cardiac magnetic resonance data in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

International audienc