L’aspirina i la nació. Unes notes sobre Joan Fuster i la ideologia del progrés

Número monogràfic dedicat al centenari del naixement de Joan Fuster, amb col·laboracions de Xavier Pla, Antoni Furió, Gustau Muñoz, Joan Ramon Resina, Toni Mollà, Enric Iborra, Francesc Viadel, Salvador Vendrell, Teresa Muñoz Lloret, Ernest Belenguer, Ferran Archilés, Pau Viciano, Antoni Rico, Josep L. Gómez Mompart, Jan Brugueras, Joan F. Mira, Martí Domínguez, Juli Capilla, Xavier Antich, Enric Balaguer, Enric Bou, Margarida Castellano, Antoni Defez, Anna Esteve, Maria Àngels Francès, Tobies Grimaltos, Pere Antoni Pons, Joan Ramon Resina, Mercè Rius, Quim Torra, Joan Manuel Tresserras i Josep Ballester

Three-year follow-up of the poiba intervention on childhood obesity : A quasi-experimental study

Altres ajuts: Agència de Salut Pública de BarcelonaChildhood obesity has increased worldwide over the past four decades. This quasi-exper-imental study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a multicomponent and multilevel school-based intervention (POIBA) at 3 years of follow-up. The nutrition intervention focused on food groups, food pyramid, nutrients, portions, and balanced menus. In total, 3624 children participated in the study. Anthropometric measurements and information on food frequency and behavior, physical activity, and daily screen use were collected in the intervention (IG) and comparison group (CG). Positive unadjusted changes toward adherence to recommendations were found for water, meat, sweets, and fried potato consumption, proper breakfast, not having dinner in front of the TV, out-of-school physical activity, and daily screen use. Three scores were used to calculate the proportion of children making more than one change to improve healthy habits regarding physical activity (global Activity score), nutrition (global Nutrition score), and both (global score). Students exposed to the intervention had a significantly better global Activity score (16.2% IG vs. 11.9% CG; p = 0.012) and Global score (63.9% IG vs. 58.5% CG; p = 0.025). Intervention effects on obesity incidence at 3-year follow-up lost significance but maintained the positive trend. In conclusion, school-based interventions including a family component could be useful to address the childhood obesity problem

Ramaderia extensiva com a eina de prevenció d'incendis i gestió del paisatge a Matadepera (Vallès Occidental)

Aquest es un estudi de la contribució d'un ramat mixt d'oví i cabrum a la gestió de les masses forestals per a la prevenció d'incendis al municipi de Matadepera. L'avaluació de l'acció del ramat s'ha efectuat mitjançant un estudi integrat a traves del coneixement local i l'estudi ecològic de les zones pasturades. La ramaderia extensiva i especialment els ramats d'ovelles i cabres han contribuït durant segles a la neteja del sotabosc mitjançant l'aprofitament productiu d'aquestes zones, per tant no es quelcom nou, sinó un reconeixement als serveis ecològics no productius de la ramaderia extensiva i com aquesta es eficaç en la prevenció d'incendis forestals.Este documento se basa en el estudio de la contribución que aporta un rebaño mixto formado por ganado ovino y caprino en la gestión de las masas forestales y, de este modo, ayudar a prevenir los incendios en el municipio de Matadepera. La evaluación del rebaño se efectuó mediante un estudio integrado: a través del conocimiento local y del estudio ecológico de las zonas pastadas. La ganadería extensiva y, especialmente los rebaños de ovejas y de cabras, han contribuido durante siglos en la limpieza del sotobosque mediante el aprovechamiento productivo de estas zonas; por lo tanto, no es nada nuevo, solo un reconocimiento a los servicios ecológicos no productivos de la ganadería y la demostración que ésta es eficaz en la prevención de incendios.This study focuses on the contribution that a flock with some goats mixed provides to the management of the forest masses and, in this way, it can help to prevent fires in the town of Matadepera. The flock's evaluation has been done through an integrated research containing: local knowledge and an ecological study of the grazed zones. The extensive livestock farming and, particularly flocks and herd, contributed to the cleaning of the undergrowth through the productive use of those zones; therefore, there is not anything new on this activity, it is just a recognition of the non-productive ecological services of the livestock farming and the proof that it is effective to prevent fires

Spatial distribution and temporal dynamics of invasive and native mosquitoes in a large Mediterranean city

Mosquitoes, including invasive species like the Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus, alongside native species Culex pipiens s.l., pose a significant nuisance to humans and serve as vectors for mosquito-borne diseases in urban areas. Under- standing the impact of water infrastructure characteristics, climatic conditions, and management strategies on mosquito oc- currence and effectiveness of control measures to assess their implications on mosquito occurrence is crucial for effective vector control. In this study, we examined data collected during the local vector control program in Barcelona, Spain, focusing on 234,225 visits to 31,334 different sewers, as well as 1817 visits to 152 fountains between 2015 and 2019. We investigated both the colonization and recolonization processes of mosquito larvae within these water infrastructures. Our findings re- vealed higher larval presence in sandbox-sewers compared to siphonic or direct sewers, and the presence of vegetation and the use of naturalized water positively influenced larval occurrence in fountains. The application of larvicidal treatment significantly reduced larvae presence; however, recolonization rates were negatively affected by the time elapsed since treat- ment. Climatic conditions played a critical role in the colonization and recolonization of sewers and urban fountains, with mosquito occurrence exhibiting non-linear patterns and, generally, increasing at intermediate temperatures and accumulated rainfall levels. This study emphasizes the importance of considering sewers and fountains characteristics and climatic condi- tions when implementing vector control programs to optimize resources and effectively reduce mosquito populations

Spatial distribution and temporal dynamics of invasive and native mosquitoes in a large Mediterranean city

Mosquitoes, including invasive species like the Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus, alongside native species Culex pipiens s.l., pose a significant nuisance to humans and serve as vectors for mosquito-borne diseases in urban areas. Understanding the impact of water infrastructure characteristics, climatic conditions, and management strategies on mosquito occurrence and effectiveness of control measures to assess their implications on mosquito occurrence is crucial for effective vector control. In this study, we examined data collected during the local vector control program in Barcelona, Spain, focusing on 234,225 visits to 31,334 different sewers, as well as 1817 visits to 152 fountains between 2015 and 2019. We investigated both the colonization and recolonization processes of mosquito larvae within these water infrastructures. Our findings revealed higher larval presence in sandbox-sewers compared to siphonic or direct sewers, and the presence of vegetation and the use of naturalized water positively influenced larval occurrence in fountains. The application of larvicidal treatment significantly reduced larvae presence; however, recolonization rates were negatively affected by the time elapsed since treatment. Climatic conditions played a critical role in the colonization and recolonization of sewers and urban fountains, with mosquito occurrence exhibiting non-linear patterns and, generally, increasing at intermediate temperatures and accumulated rainfall levels. This study emphasizes the importance of considering sewers and fountains characteristics and climatic conditions when implementing vector control programs to optimize resources and effectively reduce mosquito populations

Indicadores de adiposid ad en un policlínico del municipio Playa

Introducción:la obesidad es una enfermedad crónica y multifactorial que juntocon el sobrepeso, es ahora el factor deriesgo cardiovascular más frecuente enpersonas con enfermedad coronaria establecida.Objetivo:describir cómo se evidencian algunos indicadores de adiposidad en unacohorte de individuos asistentes a un consultorio del médico de la familia delPoliclínico 1ro de Enero del municipio Playa.Material y Método:se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, de cortetransversal, en 383 pacientes atendidos en el consultorio Núm.13 del Policlínico 1rode Enero, en el municipio Playa, provincia La Habana, en los meses de septiembre yoctubre del 2011. Se analizaron las variables edad, sexo, índice de masa corporal,circunferencia de la cintura, circunferenciade la cadera e índice cintura-cadera.Resultados:se obtuvo una frecuencia relativa de sobrepeso y obesidad de 38,9%y 17,2% respectivamente. El 47,8% tenía obesidad abdominal al utilizar lacircunferencia de la cintura como marcador y 88,8% cuando se usó el índicecintura-cadera.Conclusiones:existió un porcentaje elevado de pacientes con obesidad, sobrepesoy un aumento de la distribución abdominal de la grasa corporal, sobre todo, alutilizar el índice cintura-cadera como marcador antropométrico.Palabras clave: sobrepeso, obesidad, índice de masa corporal, circunferencia de lacintura, índice cintura cadera.</div