4,517 research outputs found

    Value chain analysis for sea cucumber in the Philippines

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    This study examined the sea cucumber industry in the Philippines through the value chain lens. The intent was to identify effective pathways for the successful introduction of sandfish culture as livelihood support for coastal communities. Value chain analysis is a high-resolution analytical tool that enables industry examination at a detailed level. Previous industry assessments have provided a general picture of the sea cucumber industry in the country. The present study builds on the earlier work and supplies additional details for a better understanding of the industry's status and problems, especially their implications for the Australian Center for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) funded sandfish project "Culture of sandfish (Holothuria scabra) in Asia- Pacific" (FIS/2003/059). (PDF contains 54 pages

    Value chain analysis for sea cucumber in the Philippines

    Get PDF
    This study examined the sea cucumber industry in the Philippines through the value chain lens. The intent was to identify effective pathways for the successful introduction of sandfish culture as livelihood support for coastal communities. Value chain analysis is a high-resolution analytical tool that enables industry examination at a detailed level. Previous industry assessments have provided a general picture of the sea cucumber industry in the country. The present study builds on the earlier work and supplies additional details for a better understanding of the industryÆs status and problems, especially their implications for the Australian Center for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) funded sandfish project ôCulture of sandfish (Holothuria scabra) in Asia- Pacificö (FIS/2003/059).Economic analysis, Trade, Pricing, Echinoderm fisheries, Philippines, Luzon I., Pangasinan, Philippines, Palawan I., ISEW, Philippines, Mindanao I., Davao Gulf,

    Interakcija olova s elementima u tragovima i prehrambenim faktorima

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    Interactions among lead, zinc, cadmium, calcium and vitamin D have been demonstrated in the laboratory. There is evidence indicating that under certain field conditions these interactions are of more importance in terms of the level of diseases that develops than is the absolute intake of each variable. Thirty nine parameters were measured in order to determine the extent and nature of interactions among toxic and normal levels of lead, zinc and cadmium, normal and deficient levels of calcium and normal, deficient and high levels of vitamin D. Significant interactions affecting general metabolism, hematological tissue, blood, liver, kidney and enzyme related parameters were identified, illustrated and discussed.U prijašnjim terenskim istraživanjima utvrđeno je da interakcija između kalcija, olova i cinka ima za posljedicu pojačanje kliničke slike otrovanja u konja u usporedbi s onom što bi je izazvao svaki posebno. Ta su opažanja bila povodom da su započeta opsežna istraživanja interakcija između olova, cinka, kadmija, kalcija i vitamina D. Ova su istraživanja rađena na mladim štakorima a pokusi su trajali po 42 dana. U tom su razdoblju po dva štakora soja Sprague Dawley hranjena s po jednom od 48 kombinacija i ovaj je prehrambeni postupak ponavljan 4 puta. Prije spomenute tvari odabrane su u koncentracijama koje bi kada bi se davale pojedinačno mogle izazvati uočIjive toksične učinke, ali bez smrtnog ishoda u toku 42 dana. Koncentracije, izražene u ppm ili u postocima sadržaja hrane bile su slijedeće: olovo: niska koncentracija - 7 ppm, visoka - 5 000 ppm; cink: niska koncentracija - 30 ppm, visoka - 6 300 ppm; kadmij: niska koncentracija - 0,1 ppm, visoka - 90 prpm; kalcij: niska koncentracija - 0,1%, normalna - 0,9K%; vitamin D: niska koncentracija - bez vitamina D, normalna - 2 000 IU/kg hrane i visoka - 50 000 IU/kg hrane. Nakon 42 dana štakori su usmrćeni i mjereno je 39 različitih parametara: 4 vrste mjerenja općeg metabolizma, 10 hematoloških parametara, serumska alkalna fosfataza te određivanje olova, cinka, kadmija, bakra i željeza u jetri, bubrezima i kostima te naposljetku koncentracija olova, cinka, kadmija i kalcija u krvi. Rezultati su jasno prikazani grafički u 26 slika. Valja istaknuti pojačane .toksične učinke olova, cinka i kadmija u štakora hranjenih niskim koncentracijama kalcija. U istih je životinja koncentracija ovih metala u krvi, jetri i bubrezima bila znatno povećana. Slično tome toksičnost je ovih metala rasla s porastom količine vitamina D u hrani. Koncentracija olova u krvi, bubrezima, jetri i kostima bila je manja u onih štakora koji su uz olovo u hrani dobivali cink ili kadmij. Štakori koji su u hram imali visoku koncentraciju cinka i kadmija rasli su brže od onih koji su u hrani dobili samo cink, ali su imali niži hemoglobin i manje vrijednosti bakra u bubrezima i jetri, kada se te vrijednosti usporede s onima u štakora koji su dobivah sam cink ili sam kadmij. Smanjenje koncentracije bakra u jetri i bubrezima uz povećanje koncentracije željeza u jetri utvrđeno je u onih štakora koji su hranjeni niskim sadržajem kalcija. Visok sadržaj cinka u hrani imao je za posljedicu značajno povećanje aktivnosti serumske alkalne fosfataze
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