Population based prostate cancer screening in north Mexico reveals a high prevalence of aggressive tumors in detected cases

Background: Prostate Cancer (PCa) is the second most frequent neoplasia in men worldwide. Previous reports suggest that the prevalence of PCa in Hispanic males is lower than in Africans (including communities with African ancestry) and Caucasians, but higher than in Asians. Despite these antecedents, there are few reports of open population screenings for PCa in Latin American communities. This article describes the results of three consecutive screenings in the urban population of Monterrey, Mexico. Methods: After receiving approval from our University Hospital's Internal Review Board (IRB), the screening was announced by radio, television, and press, and it was addressed to male subjects over 40 years old in general. Subjects who consented to participate were evaluated at the primary care clinics of the University Health Program at UANL, in the Metropolitan area of Monterrey. Blood samples were taken from each subject for prostate specific antigen (PSA) determination; they underwent a digital rectal examination (DRE), and were subsequently interviewed to obtain demographic and urologic data. Based on the PSA (>4.0 ng/ml) and DRE results, subjects were appointed for transrectal biopsy (TRB). Results: A total of 973 subjects were screened. Prostate biopsy was recommended to 125 men based on PSA values and DRE results, but it was performed in only 55 of them. 15 of these biopsied men were diagnosed with PCa, mostly with Gleason scores ≥ 7. Conclusion: Our results reflect a low prevalence of PCa in general, but a high occurrence of high grade lesions (Gleason ≥ 7) among patients that resulted positive for PCa. This observation remarks the importance of the PCa screening programs in our Mexican community and the need for strict follow-up campaigns

Population based prostate cancer screening in north Mexico reveals a high prevalence of aggressive tumors in detected cases

Background: Prostate Cancer (PCa) is the second most frequent neoplasia in men worldwide. Previous reports suggest that the prevalence of PCa in Hispanic males is lower than in Africans (including communities with African ancestry) and Caucasians, but higher than in Asians. Despite these antecedents, there are few reports of open population screenings for PCa in Latin American communities. This article describes the results of three consecutive screenings in the urban population of Monterrey, Mexico. Methods: After receiving approval from our University Hospital's Internal Review Board (IRB), the screening was announced by radio, television, and press, and it was addressed to male subjects over 40 years old in general. Subjects who consented to participate were evaluated at the primary care clinics of the University Health Program at UANL, in the Metropolitan area of Monterrey. Blood samples were taken from each subject for prostate specific antigen (PSA) determination; they underwent a digital rectal examination (DRE), and were subsequently interviewed to obtain demographic and urologic data. Based on the PSA (>4.0 ng/ml) and DRE results, subjects were appointed for transrectal biopsy (TRB). Results: A total of 973 subjects were screened. Prostate biopsy was recommended to 125 men based on PSA values and DRE results, but it was performed in only 55 of them. 15 of these biopsied men were diagnosed with PCa, mostly with Gleason scores ≥ 7. Conclusion: Our results reflect a low prevalence of PCa in general, but a high occurrence of high grade lesions (Gleason ≥ 7) among patients that resulted positive for PCa. This observation remarks the importance of the PCa screening programs in our Mexican community and the need for strict follow-up campaigns

IT-Stöd För Personer Med Psykiska Funktionshinder

IT-information och kommunikation är medel att förbättra hälsan hos personer med psykiska funktionshinder. Mitt arbete handlar om att utforma en webblösning för människor med psykiska funktionshinder. Jag har genomfört intervjuer och en workshop. Jag har intervjuat både brukare och personer som tar hand om dem. Jag har engagerat brukare i min designprocess. Under workshopen lät jag brukarna fritt avgöra vilken av mina designlösningar som var intressantast och mest användbar för deras behov. Jag beslöt att utforma en webbsida för brukarna för att engagera och uppmuntra dem till social samverkan, vilket har varit den centrala funktionen i slutkonceptet. Webbsidan innehåller flera funktioner: visar brukarnas humör och olika möjligheter att peppa varandra via musik, bilder, text samt skicka meddelanden. Effekterna av IT-kommunikation bland personer med psykiska funktionshinder borde undersökas ytterligare.IT-Information and communication may provide a mean of improving health among people with psychological disabilities. My project is about creating a web-solution for people with psychological disabilities. I have carried through interviews and a workshop. I have interviewed both the users and the staff that take care of them. I have engaged the users in my design process. My goal was to identify the user’s needs and to create my design with that in mind. During the workshop I let the users freely decide upon which of my design suggestions that where most interesting and useful for their needs. I decided to create a website for the users to engage and encourage social intercourse, which has been the central function in my final design. The Website consists of several functions: it shows the users’ mood and there are several options to pep each other: by sending music, pictures, text and messages. The effects of IT-communication among people with psychological disabilities should be further explored

IT-Stöd För Personer Med Psykiska Funktionshinder

IT-information och kommunikation är medel att förbättra hälsan hos personer med psykiska funktionshinder. Mitt arbete handlar om att utforma en webblösning för människor med psykiska funktionshinder. Jag har genomfört intervjuer och en workshop. Jag har intervjuat både brukare och personer som tar hand om dem. Jag har engagerat brukare i min designprocess. Under workshopen lät jag brukarna fritt avgöra vilken av mina designlösningar som var intressantast och mest användbar för deras behov. Jag beslöt att utforma en webbsida för brukarna för att engagera och uppmuntra dem till social samverkan, vilket har varit den centrala funktionen i slutkonceptet. Webbsidan innehåller flera funktioner: visar brukarnas humör och olika möjligheter att peppa varandra via musik, bilder, text samt skicka meddelanden.Effekterna av IT-kommunikation bland personer med psykiska funktionshinder borde undersökas ytterligare.IT-Information and communication may provide a mean of improving health among people with psychological disabilities.My project is about creating a web-solution for people with psychological disabilities. I have carried through interviews and a workshop. I have interviewed both the users and the staff that take care of them. I have engaged the users in my design process. My goal was to identify the user’s needs and to create my design with that in mind. During the workshop I let the users freely decide upon which of my design suggestions that where most interesting and useful for their needs. I decided to create a website for the users to engage and encourage social intercourse, which has been the central function in my final design. The Website consists of several functions: it shows the users’ mood and there are several options to pep each other: by sending music, pictures, text and messages.The effects of IT-communication among people with psychological disabilities should be further explored

Psykiskt sjuka lagöverträdare : samhällets inställning före och efter psykiatrireformen

Sakna

Unwanted pregnancy as a risk factor for offspring schizophrenia-spectrum and affective disorders in adulthood: a prospective high-risk study.

BACKGROUND: This study investigated whether 'unwanted pregnancy' (i.e. a negative or ambivalent attitude towards the pregnancy/reproduction) is associated with schizophrenia-spectrum and affective disorders in the offspring in adulthood, and if so, whether other pregnancy, perinatal, childhood or genetic-risk factors account for this association.MethodIn a prospective study beginning during pregnancy, unwanted pregnancy (in combination with other early life risk factors) was studied in relation to adult mental disorders in 75 genetic high-risk (HR) and 91 normal-risk (NR) offspring, defined through maternal psychosis history. Early life risk factors were studied through personal interviews, observations and medical records, and offspring mental disorders were independently diagnosed through follow-up examination at about 22 years of age. RESULTS: Unwanted pregnancy by itself was significantly related to adult offspring schizophrenia-spectrum disorders in both the total sample and the HR subgroup, but the effect was found to be limited to the HR group and occurred in interaction with genetic risk. Other co-temporaneous pregnancy stressors and later perinatal complications, malformations and early childhood environmental stressors could not explain this relationship. Unwanted pregnancy also interacted with genetic-risk status in relating to affective disorders in the offspring. CONCLUSIONS: Unwanted pregnancy, when occurring together with genetic risk for psychosis, was found to be related to both adult schizophrenia-spectrum and affective mental disorders in the offspring. Although the effect of unwanted pregnancy could be mediated by other yet-unidentified factors, unwanted pregnancy might be a functional, discrete environmental psychosocial factor with its own deleterious impact on offspring mental development, when co-occurring with genetic risk