Constructing elliptic curves of prime order

We present a very efficient algorithm to construct an elliptic curve E and a finite field F such that the order of the point group E(F) is a given prime number N. Heuristically, this algorithm only takes polynomial time Otilde((\log N)^3), and it is so fast that it may profitably be used to tackle the related problem of finding elliptic curves with point groups of prime order of prescribed size. We also discuss the impact of the use of high level modular functions to reduce the run time by large constant factors and show that recent gonality bounds for modular curves imply limits on the time reduction that can be obtained.Comment: 13 page

Modular polynomials for genus 2

Modular polynomials are an important tool in many algorithms involving elliptic curves. In this article we investigate their generalization to the genus 2 case following pioneering work by Gaudry and Dupont. We prove various properties of these genus 2 modular polynomials and give an improved way to explicitly compute them

Explicit CM-theory for level 2-structures on abelian surfaces

For a complex abelian variety $A$ with endomorphism ring isomorphic to the maximal order in a quartic CM-field $K$, the Igusa invariants $j_1(A), j_2(A),j_3(A)$ generate an abelian extension of the reflex field of $K$. In this paper we give an explicit description of the Galois action of the class group of this reflex field on $j_1(A),j_2(A),j_3(A)$. We give a geometric description which can be expressed by maps between various Siegel modular varieties. We can explicitly compute this action for ideals of small norm, and this allows us to improve the CRT method for computing Igusa class polynomials. Furthermore, we find cycles in isogeny graphs for abelian surfaces, thereby implying that the `isogeny volcano' algorithm to compute endomorphism rings of ordinary elliptic curves over finite fields does not have a straightforward generalization to computing endomorphism rings of abelian surfaces over finite fields

Modular polynomials via isogeny volcanoes

We present a new algorithm to compute the classical modular polynomial Phi_n in the rings Z[X,Y] and (Z/mZ)[X,Y], for a prime n and any positive integer m. Our approach uses the graph of n-isogenies to efficiently compute Phi_n mod p for many primes p of a suitable form, and then applies the Chinese Remainder Theorem (CRT). Under the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis (GRH), we achieve an expected running time of O(n^3 (log n)^3 log log n), and compute Phi_n mod m using O(n^2 (log n)^2 + n^2 log m) space. We have used the new algorithm to compute Phi_n with n over 5000, and Phi_n mod m with n over 20000. We also consider several modular functions g for which Phi_n^g is smaller than Phi_n, allowing us to handle n over 60000.Comment: corrected a typo in equation (14), 31 page

(2-Hydroxy­ethyl)(prop­yl)aza­nium 2-[(2-carboxy­phen­yl)disulfan­yl]benzoate monohydrate

With the exception of the terminal hydr­oxy group [N—C—C—O = 53.8 (5)°], the cation of the title salt hydrate, C5H14NO+·C14H9O4S2 −.H2O, is a straight chain. A twisted conformation is found for the anion [C—S—S—C = −87.44 (16)°]. In the crystal, the anions self-assemble into a helical supra­molecular chain via charge-assisted O—H⋯Oc hydrogen bonds. These chains are connected into a three-dimensional network via N—H⋯Oc, N—H⋯Ow, Oh—H⋯Ocb, and Ow—H⋯Oc hydrogen-bonding inter­actions (c = carboxyl­ate, w = water, h = hydr­oxy and cb = carbon­yl)

Bis[eth­yl(2-hydroxy­ethyl)aza­nium] 2,2′-disulfanediyldibenzoate

The asymmetric unit of the title salt, 2C4H12NO+·C14H8O4S2 2−, contains an eth­yl(2-hydr­oxy)aminium cation and half a 2,2′-disulfanediyldibenzoate anion, with the latter disposed about a twofold axis. The cation is a straight chain with the exception of the terminal hydr­oxy group [the N—C—C—O torsion angle is 66.5 (2)°]. A twisted conformation is found for the anion [the C—S—S—C torsion angle is 91.51 (9)° and the dihedral angle between the rings is 81.01 (4)°]. A supra­molecular chain with base vector [101] and a tubular topology is formed in the crystal structure mediated by charge-assisted O—H⋯O− and N+—H⋯O− hydrogen bonding

2,2′-Imino­diethanaminium 2,2′-(disulfanyldi­yl)dibenzoate dihydrate

In the title hydrated salt, C4H15N3 2+·C14H8O4S2 −·2H2O, the dication (with both terminal –NH2 groups protonated) adopts a U-shaped conformation, the Namine—C—C—Naza­nium torsion angles being 57.9 (6) and 60.3 (6)°. The dianion is twisted: the central C—S—S—C torsion angle is 81.3 (2)° and the dihedral angle between the benzene rings is 85.4 (3)°. In the crystal, a chain in the a-axis direction mediated by water–carboxyl­ate O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds through a sequence of alternating 12-membered {⋯OCO⋯HOH}2 and eight-membered {⋯O⋯HOH}2 synthons occurs, which involves only one of the carboxyl­ate residues. The second carboxyl­ate residue participates in N—H⋯O hydrogen bonding, generating a three-dimensional network, along with aza­nium–water N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds