3 research outputs found
Ellipsoidal universe in the brane world
We study a scenario of the ellipsoidal universe in the brane world cosmology
with a cosmological constant in the bulk . From the five-dimensional Einstein
equations we derive the evolution equations for the eccentricity and the scale
factor of the universe, which are coupled to each other. It is found that if
the anisotropy of our universe is originated from a uniform magnetic field
inside the brane, the eccentricity decays faster in the bulk in comparison with
a four-dimensional ellipsoidal universe. We also investigate the ellipsoidal
universe in the brane-induced gravity and find the evolution equation for the
eccentricity which has a contribution determined by the four- and
five-dimensional Newton's constants. The role of the eccentricity is discussed
in explaining the quadrupole problem of the cosmic microwave background.Comment: 15 pages, 1 figure, Version 3, references added, contents expande
Cosmological perturbations in the bulk and on the brane
We study cosmological perturbations in a brane-world scenario where the
matter fields live on a four-dimensional brane and gravity propagates in the
five-dimensional bulk. We present the equations of motion in an arbitrary gauge
for metric perturbations in the bulk and matter perturbations on the brane.
Gauge-invariant perturbations are then constructed corresponding to
perturbations in longitudinal and Gaussian normal gauges. Longitudinal gauge
metric perturbations may be directly derived from three master variables
(separately describing scalar, vector and tensor metric perturbations) which
obey five-dimensional wave-equations. Gaussian normal gauge perturbations are
directly related to the induced metric perturbations on the brane with the
additional bulk degrees of freedom interpreted as an effective Weyl
energy-momentum tensor on the brane. We construct gauge-invariant perturbations
describing the effective density, momentum and pressures of this Weyl fluid at
the brane and throughout the bulk. We show that there exist gauge-invariant
curvature perturbations on the brane and in the bulk that are conserved on
large-scales when three-dimensional spatial gradients are negligible.Comment: 26 pages, 1 figure; equations for 5D longitudinal gauge perturbations
in terms of master variables corrected. Published versio
Cosmic vorticity on the brane
We study vector perturbations about four-dimensional brane-world cosmologies
embedded in a five-dimensional vacuum bulk. Even in the absence of matter
perturbations, vector perturbations in the bulk metric can support vector
metric perturbations on the brane. We show that during de Sitter inflation on
the brane vector perturbations in the bulk obey the same wave equation for a
massless five-dimensional field as found for tensor perturbations. However, we
present the second-order effective action for vector perturbations and find no
normalisable zero-mode in the absence of matter sources. The spectrum of
normalisable states is a continuum of massive modes that remain in the vacuum
state during inflation.Comment: 10 pages, latex with revtex. Expanded discussion of observational
effects and minor corrections. Version to appear in Phys. Rev.