The Potential of Lithotripter Shocbaves for Gene Therapy of TIInlors

Abstract: The shoehwave-induced effects of celI lysis and sonoporation of sumiving cells were investigated for possible application to anti-tumor therapy. Shochw,aves were generated by a system similar to a Domier W-3 Iithotripter. In v;Iro exposures of B 16 melanoma uII sus~nsions containing a DNA reporter plasmid indicated signi fican I transfcction. Results were enhmd by l=ving an W space h the exposure chambers to promote cavitation activity. IJ1\Jivo, plasmids and air were injected into melanoma tumors befo~exposure. 8i@w

Mutations in the ELANE Gene are Associated with Development of Periodontitis in Patients with Severe Congenital Neutropenia

# The Author(s) 2011. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Background Patients with severe congenital neutropenia (SCN) often develop periodontitis despite standard medical and dental care. In light of previous findings that mutations in the neutrophil elastase gene, ELANE, are associated with more severe neutropenic phenotypes, we hypothesized an association between the genotype of SCN and development of periodontitis. Methods Fourteen Swedish patients with SCN or cyclic neutropenia harboring different genetic backgrounds were recruited for periodontal examination. Peripheral blood, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), and subgingival bacterial Thomas Modéer and Katrin Pütsep have contributed equally to the study

What principals need to know about teaching and learning mathematics

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