Cinco modelos de capitalismo

Besides analyzing capitalist societies historically and think them in terms of phases or stages, we may compare different models or varieties of capitalism. In this work I make a survey of the literature on this subject, distinguish the classification that have a production or business approach to the ones that use mainly a political criterion. And present my own view on the matter that views five forms of capitalism. Among the rich countries, I see the “liberal-democratic or Anglo-Saxon model, the social or European model, and endogenous social integration or Japanese model; among developing countries, I distinguish the Asian developmental model from the liberal-dependent model that characterizes most other developing countries including Brazil.

Modernidade, pós-modernidade e neoliberalismo

This paper surveys the recent literature on modernity and on postmodernity and relates them with the neoliberal ideology that for thirty years was dominant in the world. In relation to modernity, it claims that major sociologists were not neoliberal, but their theories depicted a provisory modernity excessively conditioned by the neoliberal years. In relation to postmodernity, it criticizes its excessive relativism and pessimism, as well as their rejection of the great narratives and of the possibility of progress.

Decoupling segmental relaxation and ionic conductivity for lithium-ion polymer electrolytes

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Decoupling segmental relaxation and ionic conductivity for lithium-ion polymer electrolytes

International audienceThe use of polymer electrolytes instead of liquid organic systems is considered key for enhancing the safety of lithium batteries and may, in addition, enable the transition to high-energy lithium metal anodes. An intrinsic limitation, however, is their rather low ionic conductivity at ambient temperature. Nonetheless, it has been suggested that this might be overcome by decoupling the ion transport and the segmental relaxation of the coordinating polymer. Here, we provide an overview of the different approaches to achieve such decoupling, including a brief recapitulation of the segmental-relaxation dependent ion conduction mechanism, exemplarily focusing on the archetype of polymer electrolytes – polyethylene oxide (PEO). In fact, while the understanding of the underlying mechanisms has greatly improved within recent years, it remains rather challenging to outperform PEO-based electrolyte systems. Nonetheless, it is not impossible, as highlighted by several examples mentioned herein, especially in consideration of the extremely rich polymer chemistry and with respect to the substantial progress already achieved in designing tailored molecules with well-defined nanostructures

O modelo Harrod-Domar e a substitutibilidade de fatores

O Modelo Harrod-Domar de crescimento económico apresenta uma grande simplicidade e, na medida em que dá primazia à acumulação de capital e não garante qualquer equilíbrio automático e necessário da economia através dos mecanismos de mercado, parece se adequar melhor à explicação do processo de desenvolvimento económico que outros modelos mais complexos. Entretanto, tem sofrido críticas por não deixar explícito o papel do progresso técnico e por não admitir substitutibilidade de fatores. Alguns críticos concluem que o modelo Harrod-Domar não leva ao crescimento da renda por habitante

Financiamento para o subdesenvolvimento: o Brasil e o segundo consenso de Washington

Inclui bibliografia: p. 396-398 e notas