The impact of information on patient preferences in different delivery patterns : a contingent valuation study of prescription versus OTC drugs

Our analysis assessed the impact of information on patients' preferences in prescription vs over-the-counter (OTC) delivery systems. A contingent valuation (CV) study was implemented, randomly assigning 1594 people into the receipt of limited or extended information concerning new influenza drugs. In each information arm, people answered two questions: the first asked about willingness to pay (WTP) for the new prescription drug; the second asked about WTP for the same drug sold OTC. We show that WTP is higher for the OTC scenario and that the level of information plays a significant role in the valuation of the OTC scenario, with more information increasing the WTP. In contrast, the level of information has no impact on WTP for prescription medicine. Thus, for the kind of drug (i.e. safe, not requiring medical supervision) considered here, a switch to OTC status can be expected to be all the more beneficial as the patient is provided with more information concerning the capability of the drug. Conclusions: Our results shed some light on one of the most challenging issues that health policy makers are currently faced with, namely the threat of a bird flu pandemic. Drug delivery is a critical component of pandemic influenza preparedness. Furthermore, the congruence of our results with the agency and demand theories provides an important test of the validity of using WTP based on CV methods.WTP, CV, OTC versus prescription, neuraminidase inhibitors, interval-censored regression

Eliciting educated preferences of health care professionals : cost-effectiveness and cost-benefit analysis of Amphotericine B

[Contents] 1. Introduction. 2. Cost-effectiveness analysis. 3. Results. 4. Conculusion of the cost-effectiveness analysis. 6. Cost benefit analysis. 7. The contingent valuation method or "willingness to pay" (WTP). 8. Pilot study to elicit educated preferences from health care professionals for high cost antifungal drugs. 9. Results. 10. Conclusion. At the University Hospital (CHUV), global budget put a major constraint on all departments and services. In this context, it happened that the division of infectious diseases experienced for several years important deficits in their drug budget, due to the use of systemic antifungal drugs. A cost-effectiveness analysis has been performed, in order to establish a valid policy about the use of available antifungal drugs. During the cost-effectiveness evaluation, the discussions with the medical and nursing team showed that they had clear drug preferences. Therefore, the author was interested in investigating the problem of drug preferences and their impact on drug choices. In a pilot study , he used the willingness to pay (WTP) method to show the possibilities and limits of this method as a tool for evaluating educated preferences of health care professionals. This study, will, after an introductory part, present both the cost-effectiveness analysis and the cost-benefit analysis, which was based on the results of the previous study

Switzerland committed to innovation : the Swiss Network of Technology Assessment

Switzerland showed its commitment to innovation in health care since the early 80th, implementing agencies and government units with the mission to promote and to appropriately govern innovation. The Swiss Network of Technology Assessment (SNHTA) was founded in 1998. The aim is the promotion and implementation of Health Technology Assessment projects in Switzerland by providing a neutral forum for the identification and the pursuit of common interests. This includes the coordination, exchange and dissemination of experiences of HTA projects and the implementation of the results. The collaboration in international projects is a priority. Ultimately SNHTA has the goal to improve efficacy, cost effectiveness and social accountability. An inventory survey amongst the members confirmed a high level of diverse specialised competencies, mainly employed within the institution. Only 20% of the HTA specific competencies are used for external activities. The need for integration of all partners in the field of innovation in a network has been recognised by the Swiss government. This lead to the creation of a webplatform in which all players involved in the business of medical technologies are involved. This platform (swiss medtech), includes patients, insurers, industry, universities and professional organisations. The joined activities include agreements on intellectual property and the integrated patient care chain. New ways to connect players in innovation are needed to face the challenge of increasing costs and diminishing resources. [Authors]]]> Technology Assessment, Biomedical eng oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_A9B14948D993 2022-10-01T01:26:48Z <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"> https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_A9B14948D993 Structural domains implicated in ER degradation of alpha subunits of Na,K-ATPase info:doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1997.tb52312.x info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1997.tb52312.x info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/9405856 Beguin, P. Geering, K. info:eu-repo/semantics/article article 1997-11 Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, vol. 834, pp. 540-2 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/0077-8923 Animals Bufonidae Endoplasmic Reticulum/*enzymology Female Intracellular Membranes/enzymology/ultrastructure Macromolecular Substances Microsomes/enzymology/ultrastructure Na(+)-K(+)-Exchanging ATPase/*chemistry/*metabolism Oocytes/physiology Protein Conformation Recombinant Proteins/chemistry/metabolism Sequence Deletion Xenopus oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_A9B1A7211DAD 2022-10-01T01:26:48Z openaire documents <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"> https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_A9B1A7211DAD Multi-ancestry sleep-by-SNP interaction analysis in 126,926 individuals reveals lipid loci stratified by sleep duration. info:doi:10.1038/s41467-019-12958-0 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1038/s41467-019-12958-0 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/31719535 Noordam, R. Bos, M.M. Wang, H. Winkler, T.W. Bentley, A.R. Kilpeläinen, T.O. de Vries, P.S. Sung, Y.J. Schwander, K. Cade, B.E. Manning, A. Aschard, H. Brown, M.R. Chen, H. Franceschini, N. Musani, S.K. Richard, M. Vojinovic, D. Aslibekyan, S. Bartz, T.M. de Las Fuentes, L. Feitosa, M. Horimoto, A.R. Ilkov, M. Kho, M. Kraja, A. Li, C. Lim, E. Liu, Y. Mook-Kanamori, D.O. Rankinen, T. Tajuddin, S.M. van der Spek, A. Wang, Z. Marten, J. Laville, V. Alver, M. Evangelou, E. Graff, M.E. He, M. Kühnel, B. Lyytikäinen, L.P. Marques-Vidal, P. Nolte, I.M. Palmer, N.D. Rauramaa, R. Shu, X.O. Snieder, H. Weiss, S. Wen, W. Yanek, L.R. Adolfo, C. Ballantyne, C. Bielak, L. Biermasz, N.R. Boerwinkle, E. Dimou, N. Eiriksdottir, G. Gao, C. Gharib, S.A. Gottlieb, D.J. Haba-Rubio, J. Harris, T.B. Heikkinen, S. Heinzer, R. Hixson, J.E. Homuth, G. Ikram, M.A. Komulainen, P. Krieger, J.E. Lee, J. Liu, J. Lohman, K.K. Luik, A.I. Mägi, R. Martin, L.W. Meitinger, T. Metspalu, A. Milaneschi, Y. Nalls, M.A. O'Connell, J. Peters, A. Peyser, P. Raitakari, O.T. Reiner, A.P. Rensen, PCN Rice, T.K. Rich, S.S. Roenneberg, T. Rotter, J.I. Schreiner, P.J. Shikany, J. Sidney, S.S. Sims, M. Sitlani, C.M. Sofer, T. Strauch, K. Swertz, M.A. Taylor, K.D. Uitterlinden, A.G. van Duijn, C.M. Völzke, H. Waldenberger, M. Wallance, R.B. van Dijk, K.W. Yu, C. Zonderman, A.B. Becker, D.M. Elliott, P. Esko, T. Gieger, C. Grabe, H.J. Lakka, T.A. Lehtimäki, T. North, K.E. Penninx, BWJH Vollenweider, P. Wagenknecht, L.E. Wu, T. Xiang, Y.B. Zheng, W. Arnett, D.K. Bouchard, C. Evans, M.K. Gudnason, V. Kardia, S. Kelly, T.N. Kritchevsky, S.B. Loos, RJF Pereira, A.C. Province, M. Psaty, B.M. Rotimi, C. Zhu, X. Amin, N. Cupples, L.A. Fornage, M. Fox, E.F. Guo, X. Gauderman, W.J. Rice, K. Kooperberg, C. Munroe, P.B. Liu, C.T. Morrison, A.C. Rao, D.C. van Heemst, D. Redline, S. info:eu-repo/semantics/article article 2019-11-12 Nature communications, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 5121 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/2041-1723 urn:issn:2041-1723 <![CDATA[Both short and long sleep are associated with an adverse lipid profile, likely through different biological pathways. To elucidate the biology of sleep-associated adverse lipid profile, we conduct multi-ancestry genome-wide sleep-SNP interaction analyses on three lipid traits (HDL-c, LDL-c and triglycerides). In the total study sample (discovery + replication) of 126,926 individuals from 5 different ancestry groups, when considering either long or short total sleep time interactions in joint analyses, we identify 49 previously unreported lipid loci, and 10 additional previously unreported lipid loci in a restricted sample of European-ancestry cohorts. In addition, we identify new gene-sleep interactions for known lipid loci such as LPL and PCSK9. The previously unreported lipid loci have a modest explained variance in lipid levels: most notable, gene-short-sleep interactions explain 4.25% of the variance in triglyceride level. Collectively, these findings contribute to our understanding of the biological mechanisms involved in sleep-associated adverse lipid profiles

Moving to the development of an HIA methodology : the effects of air pollution in Ticino, Switzerland

This chapter describes the profile of the HIA, provides insight into the process and gives an example of how political decisions may be made on behalf of a concerned population through an HIA approach. [Introduction p. 284]]]> Risk Assessment ; Air Pollution ; Health Policy eng oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_E5A9BB7DA786 2022-02-19T02:32:44Z phdthesis urnserval <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"> https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_E5A9BB7DA786 Characteristics associated with inappropriate hospital use in elderly patients admitted to a general internal medicine service Ingold, Blaise Université de Lausanne, Faculté de médecine info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis phdthesis 2001 eng https://serval.unil.ch/resource/serval:BIB_E5A9BB7DA786.P001/REF.pdf http://nbn-resolving.org/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:ch:serval-BIB_E5A9BB7DA7862 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/urn/urn:nbn:ch:serval-BIB_E5A9BB7DA7862 info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess Restricted: indefinite embargo Copying allowed only for non-profit organizations https://serval.unil.ch/disclaimer application/pdf oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_E5AA045B7A99 2022-02-19T02:32:44Z <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"> https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_E5AA045B7A99 The neuropeptide VIP regulates the expression of the tyrosine hydroxylase gene in cultured avian sympathetic neurons info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/7902953 Zurn, A. D. Fauquet, M. Shaw, P. Kocher, J. info:eu-repo/semantics/article article 1993-10 Brain Research. Molecular Brain Research, vol. 20, no. 1-2, pp. 125-9 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/0169-328X <![CDATA[The neuropeptide vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) increases the activity of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of catecholamines, in cultured chicken sympathetic neurons. We report here that VIP acts by increasing TH mRNA levels in these cells. Induction of TH mRNA is transient and reaches maximal values 6-8 h after the addition of the peptide to the cultures. TH mRNA levels return to control values after 1-2 days. The quail cDNA probe detects a single mRNA species of approximately 9 kb in RNA extracted both from embryonic chicken sympathetic neurons and adult quail adrenal medulla

The impact of information on patient preferences in different delivery patterns : a contingent valuation study of prescription versus OTC drugs

OBJECTIVES: Our analysis assessed the impact of information on patients' preferences in prescription versus over-the-counter (OTC) delivery systems. METHODS: A contingent valuation (CV) study was implemented, randomly assigning 534 lay people into the receipt of limited or extended information concerning new influenza drugs. In each information arm, people answered two questions: the first asked about willingness to pay (WTP) for the new prescription drug; the second asked about WTP for the same drug sold OTC. RESULTS: We show that WTP is higher for the OTC scenario and that the level of information plays a significant role in the evaluation of the OTC scenario, with more information being associated with an increase in the WTP. In contrast, the level of information provided has no impact on WTP for prescription medicine. Thus, for the kind of drug considered here (i.e. safe, not requiring medical supervision), a switch to OTC status can be expected to be all the more beneficial, as the patient is provided with more information concerning the capability of the drug. CONCLUSIONS: Our results shed light on one of the most challenging issues that health policy makers are currently faced with, namely the threat of a bird flu pandemic. Drug delivery is a critical component of pandemic influenza preparedness. Furthermore, the congruence of our results with the agency and demand theories provides an important test of the validity of using WTP based on CV methods

The impact of information on patient preferences in different delivery patterns: A contingent valuation study of prescription versus OTC drugs

Objectives Our analysis assessed the impact of information on patients' preferences in prescription versus over-the-counter (OTC) delivery systems.Methods A contingent valuation (CV) study was implemented, randomly assigning 534 lay people into the receipt of limited or extended information concerning new influenza drugs. In each information arm, people answered two questions: the first asked about willingness to pay (WTP) for the new prescription drug; the second asked about WTP for the same drug sold OTC.Results We show that WTP is higher for the OTC scenario and that the level of information plays a significant role in the evaluation of the OTC scenario, with more information being associated with an increase in the WTP. In contrast, the level of information provided has no impact on WTP for prescription medicine. Thus, for the kind of drug considered here (i.e. safe, not requiring medical supervision), a switch to OTC status can be expected to be all the more beneficial, as the patient is provided with more information concerning the capability of the drug.Conclusions Our results shed light on one of the most challenging issues that health policy makers are currently faced with, namely the threat of a bird flu pandemic. Drug delivery is a critical component of pandemic influenza preparedness. Furthermore, the congruence of our results with the agency and demand theories provides an important test of the validity of using WTP based on CV methods.WTP CV OTC versus prescription Neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) Interval-censored regression Influenza

The effectiveness and safety of proton radiation therapy for indications of the eye : a systematic review

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: : Proton radiation has been used for the treatment of uveal melanoma since 1975, but few studies have been conducted to assess its efficacy and safety. This paper aims to systematically review the effects and side effects of proton therapy for any indication of the eye. MATERIAL AND METHODS: : A range of databases were searched from inception to 2007. All studies that included at least ten patients and that assessed the efficacy or safety of proton therapy for any indication of the eye were included. RESULTS: : The search generated 2,385 references, of which 37 met the inclusion criteria. Five controlled trials, two comparative studies and 30 case series were found, most often reporting on uveal melanoma, choroidal melanoma and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Methodological quality of these studies was poor. Studies were characterized by large differences in radiation techniques applied within the studies, and by variation in patient characteristics within and between studies. Results for uveal melanoma and choroidal melanoma suggest favorable survival, with, however, significant rates of side effects. Results for choroidal hemangioma and AMD did not reveal beneficial effects from proton radiation. CONCLUSION: : There is limited evidence on the effectiveness and safety of proton radiation due to the lack of well-designed and well-reported studies. There is a need to lift evidence on proton therapy to a higher level by performing dose-finding randomized controlled trials (RCTs), comparative studies of proton radiation versus standard given alternatives and prospective case studies enrolling only patients treated with up-to-date techniques, allowing extrapolation of results to similar patient groups