Infodemia da COVID-19 e as repercussões na saúde mental de idosos brasileiros: um estudo multicêntrico

Introduction: the excess of information related to covid-19 has caused a secondary problem to the pandemic, the infodemic, which refers to the increase in the volume of information associated with a specific subject, which can multiply quickly in a short time. Among age groups, the infodemic may have a greater impact on the lives of the elderly due to weaknesses in health literacy and digital literacy. Objective: to analyze the relationship between the infodemic about covid-19 and the repercussions on the mental health of elderly people, describe the profile of elderly participants and analyze exposure to information about covid-19 and its association with screening for Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), perceived stress and major depression. Method: cross-sectional, exploratory study, carried out with 3,307 Brazilian elderly people. Data were collected by web-based survey, via social networks and e-mail, between July 2020 and March 2021. Descriptive analysis, bivariate analysis to estimate associations of interest and logistic regression analysis were carried out to screen for GAD and depression, and linear regression for screening gross perceived stress and adjusted for predictor, sociodemographic and infodemic variables. Result: when analyzing the association of screening for perceived stress with the infodemic variables, through the application of the ANOVA test, a difference was found between the means of the perceived stress score according to the frequency of exposure to social networks (p = 0 .04) and the number of hours of exposure to information on social networks (p= 0.02). The Bonferroni post hoc test revealed that the difference found in the ANOVA in relation to the mean stress score refers to the elderly who were exposed to social networks for one hour (p=0.04) and to the elderly who had no exposure to social networks (p=0.04). A significant association was found between the GAD screening outcome and the variables frequency of exposure to social networks (p = 0.00) and hours of exposure to news and information about COVID-19 on social networks (p = 0.01). In crude logistic regression, “some” frequency on social media (p=0.00) and two to five hours of exposure to social media (p=0.03) were associated with screening for GAD. In crude linear regression, “some” frequency on social media (p=0.02) and one hour of exposure to social media (p=0.00) were associated with an increase in the screening score for perceived stress. A significant association was found between the depression screening outcome and the variables frequency of exposure to television (p = 0.01), hours of exposure to news and information about covid-19 on social networks (p = 0.00) and on television (p=0.02). In the crude logistic regression, screening for depression was associated with being frequently exposed to news and information about Covid-19 on the radio (p=0.02) and television (p=0.00), being exposed for two hours (p=0 .00) or for three hours or more (p= 0.04) watching television, as well as being exposed for two to five hours (p = 0.00) or for six hours or more (p=0.02) on networks social. Considerations: the study presents contributions to the scientific community, as it is part of a gap and represents a first in the investigation into the impacts of the infodemic on GAD screening, perceived stress and major depression in the Brazilian elderly population. It is understood that the infodemic affects mental health and interferes with the quality of life of the elderly. It is noteworthy that the management of excess information must be an issue in public health debate to combat the infodemic, which demands an integrated and coordinated response from government and research institutions, involving the quality of production and circulation of validated information scientifically.Introdução: o excesso de informação relacionada à covid-19 ocasionou uma problemática secundária à pandemia, a infodemia, que se refere ao aumento no volume de informações associadas a um assunto específico, que pode se multiplicar rapidamente em pouco tempo. Dentre os grupos etários, a infodemia pode ter maior repercussão na vida dos idosos devido a fragilidades no letramento em saúde e letramento digital. Objetivo: analisar a relação entre a infodemia sobre a covid-19 e as repercussões na saúde mental de pessoas idosas, descrever o perfil dos idosos participantes e analisar a exposição às informações sobre covid-19 e sua associação com o rastreio de Transtorno de Ansiedade Generalizada (TAG), estresse percebido e depressão maior. Método: estudo transversal, exploratório, realizado com 3.307 idosos brasileiros. Os dados foram coletados por web-based survey, via redes sociais e e-mail, entre julho de 2020 e março de 2021. Realizou-se análise descritiva, análise bivariada para estimar associações de interesse e análise de regressão logística para rastreio de TAG e depressão, e regressão linear para rastreio de estresse percebido bruta e ajustada por variáveis previsoras, sociodemográficas e infodêmicas. Resultado: ao analisar a associação de rastreio para estresse percebido com as variáveis infodêmicas, por meio da aplicação do teste ANOVA, foi encontrada uma diferença entre as médias do score de estresse percebido de acordo com a frequência de exposição as redes sociais (p = 0,04) e ao número de horas de exposição às informações as redes sociais (p= 0,02). O teste post hoc de Bonferroni revelou que a diferença encontrada no ANOVA em relação à média do escore de estresse se referem aos idosos que se expuseram durante uma hora a redes sociais (p=0,04) e aos idosos que não tiveram nenhuma exposição a redes sociais (p=0,04). Foi encontrada associação significativa entre o desfecho rastreio para TAG e as variáveis frequência de exposição a redes sociais (p =0,00) e horas de exposição a notícias e informações sobre COVID-19 nas redes sociais (p = 0,01). Na regressão logística bruta, “alguma” frequência às redes sociais (p=0,00) duas a cinco horas de exposição às redes sociais (p=0,03) foram associadas ao rastreio para TAG. Na regressão linear bruta, “alguma” frequência às redes sociais (p=0,02) e uma hora de exposição às redes sociais (p=0,00) foram associadas ao aumento do escore de rastreio para estresse percebido. Foi encontrada associação significativa entre o desfecho para rastreio de depressão e as variáveis frequência de exposição a televisão (p= 0,01), horas de exposição a notícias e informações sobre covid-19 nas redes sociais (p =0,00) e na televisão (p=0,02). Na regressão logística bruta, foram associadas ao rastreio para depressão estar exposto frequentemente às notícias e informações sobre covid-19 pelo rádio (p=0,02) e televisão (p=0,00), estar exposto por duas horas (p=0,00) ou por três horas ou mais (p= 0,04) à televisão, bem como estar exposto por duas a cinco horas (p = 0,00) ou por seis horas ou mais (p=0,02) nas redes sociais Considerações: o estudo apresenta contribuições para o meio científico, uma vez que se insere em um eixo lacunar e representa o ineditismo na investigação sobre os impactos da infodemia no rastreio de TAG, estresse percebido e depressão maior na população idosa brasileira. Compreende-se que a infodemia afeta a saúde mental e interfere na qualidade de vida dos idosos. Ressalta-se que o gerenciamento do excesso informacional deve ser uma pauta em debate na saúde pública para o enfrentamento da infodemia, que demanda uma resposta integrada e coordenada por parte das instituições governamentais e de pesquisa, envolvendo a qualidade da produção e circulação de informação validadas cientificamente.CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológic

Significando a arte como recurso terapêutico no cotidiano de usuários de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial / Art practice as a therapeutic resource in the daily activities of users of a Psychosocial Care Center

O estudo teve como objetivo compreender os sentidos atribuídos pelos usuários de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial às atividades artísticas desenvolvidas nas oficinas terapêuticas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, de abordagem qualitativa. A coleta de informações compreendeu a realização de entrevistas áudio gravadas guiadas por um roteiro semiestruturado e observação participante assistemática direta. Participaram do estudo sete depoentes selecionados por amostragem intencional, participantes das oficinas de “pintura e desenho”, “música” e “poesia”. A análise das informações empreendeu-se a partir da Análise de Conteúdo de Minayo. A pesquisa revelou que a arte propicia a exteriorização de sentimentos, sendo um importante meio para a livre expressão, para o desenvolvimento emocional e reorganização psíquica, além de aliviar os sentimentos de estresse, irritabilidade e ansiedade. A externalização social das produções artísticas auxilia no processo de reabilitação psicossocial e no resgate da identidade como cidadãos. A pesquisa oportunizou reflexões sobre os benefícios resultantes da arte como recurso terapêutico e sobre a necessidade de se rediscutir o modelo de cuidado na atenção psicossocial

Physical and morphological characterization of chitosan/montmorillonite films incorporated with ginger essential oil

This work was supported by CNPq - Brazil (grant number 200790/2014-5) and the MEtRICs unit which is financed by national funds from FCT/MCTES (UID/EMS/04077/2019). This work was also supported by the Associate Laboratory for Green Chemistry-LAQV which is financed by national funds from FCT/MCTES (UID/QUI/50006/2019) and UCIBIO, which is funded by national funds from FCT/MCTES (UID/Multi/04378/2019). It is also acknowledged the funding of CENIMAT by FEDER through the program COMPETE 2020 and National Funds through FCT-Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, under the project UID/CTM/50025/2019.Novel bionanocomposite films of chitosan/montmorillonite (CS/MMT) activated with ginger essential oil (GEO) were produced and characterized in terms of their physical and morphological properties. The homogenization process led to a good interaction between the chitosan and the nanoparticles, however the exfoliation was diminished when GEO was incorporated. Film glass transition temperature did not statistically change with the incorporation of either MMT or GEO, however the value was slightly reduced, representing a relaxation in the polymer chain which corroborated with the mechanical and barrier properties results. Pristine chitosan films showed excellent barrier properties to oxygen with a permeability of 0.184 × 10-16 mol/m·s·Pa being reduced to half (0.098 × 10-16 mol/m·s·Pa) when MMT was incorporated. Although the incorporation of GEO increased the permeability values to 0.325 × 10-16 mol/m·s·Pa when 2% of GEO was integrated, this increment was smaller with both MMT and GEO (0.285 × 10-16 mol/m·s·Pa). Bionanocomposites also increased the UV light barrier. Thus, the produced bioplastics demonstrated their ability to retard oxidative processes due to their good barrier properties, corroborating previous results that have shown their potential in the preservation of foods with high unsaturated fat content.publishersversionpublishe

Reorganização da demanda para atendimento odontológico no município de Amparo/SP: o desafio de garantir o acesso equânime às ações de saúde bucal

Objetivo: planejar o acesso ao atendimento odontológico de forma eqüitativa e integrar toda a equipe com a proposta de saúde bucal para atendimento familiar. Metodologia: este trabalho relata a experiência de reorganização do processo de trabalho da saúde bucal de uma unidade de saúde da família na cidade de Amparo, SP, discutindo em equipe sobre a problemática da saúde bucal na unidade, levantando os dados da lista de espera, e elaborando um instrumento de avaliação de risco onde se buscou a construção de um instrumento que possibilitasse ordenar prioritariamente as famílias com maior necessidade de atendimento e que pudesse ser utilizado por qualquer profissional da equipe. Cada individuo da família foi avaliado e pontuado numa graduação de 1 a 3, em relação aos critérios idade, condição bucal e saúde geral. Posteriormente foi feita uma somatória da pontuação de todas as pessoas da família e realizada uma média. Esta média foi somada a uma nota familiar que considera a condição sócio-econômica e moradia. A necessidade sentida pelo usuário também foi considerada na nota familiar. Resultados: obteve-se um instrumento de avaliação em saúde bucal simples, de fácil compreensão e manuseio e que fez do Agente Comunitário de Saúde, em especial, um elo de ligação entre o paciente e a equipe; uma lista de espera mais equânime, reorientação das triagens familiares, caracterização da busca de atendimento por micro-áreas, para planejamento de atividades educativas, diminuição do número de urgências e maior integração entre os profissionais da equipe. Conclusão: observou-se durante os trabalhos, além da reorganização da demanda e da faixa etária atendida, que até 2001 era prioritária para gestantes e crianças até 14 anos, restringindo assim o acesso dos adultos e consequentemente limitando os programas de saúde e com a implantação das Equipes de Saúde Bucal na Estratégia de Saúde da Família, houve um ganho de qualidade para os usuários e também para os profissionais da unidade que passaram a compreender melhor, questões mais específicas da odontologia e contribuíram com seus conhecimentos e percepções na construção da ficha de avaliação e na reorientação do fluxo, trazendo as questões odontológicas mais para perto do dia-a-dia da equipe. Houve também uma satisfação da equipe em oferecer resposta às famílias que aguardavam na lista de espera. Palavras-chave: Reorganização da Demanda; Planejamento; Acesso ao Atendimento Odontológico; Atendimento Familiar

COVID-19 infodemic and impacts on the mental health of older people : cross-sectional multicenter survey study

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic received widespread media coverage due to its novelty, an early lack of data, and the rapid rise in deaths and cases. This excessive coverage created a secondary “infodemic” that was considered to be a serious public and mental health problem by the World Health Organization and the international scientific community. The infodemic particularly affected older individuals, specifically those who are vulnerable to misinformation due to political positions, low interpretive and critical analysis capacity, and limited technical-scientific knowledge. Thus, it is important to understand older people’s reaction to COVID-19 information disseminated by the media and the effect on their lives and mental health. Objective: We aimed to describe the profile of exposure to COVID-19 information among older Brazilian individuals and the impact on their mental health, perceived stress, and the presence of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Methods: This cross-sectional, exploratory study surveyed 3307 older Brazilians via the web, social networks, and email between July 2020 and March 2021. Descriptive analysis and bivariate analysis were performed to estimate associations of interest. Results: Major proportions of the 3307 participants were aged 60 to 64 years (n=1285, 38.9%), female (n=2250, 68.4%), and married (n=1835, 55.5%) and self-identified as White (n=2364, 71.5%). Only 295 (8.9%) had never started or completed a basic education. COVID-19 information was mainly accessed on television (n=2680, 81.1%) and social networks (n=1943, 58.8%). Television exposure was ≥3 hours in 1301 (39.3%) participants, social network use was 2 to 5 hours in 1084 (32.8%) participants, and radio exposure was ≥1 hour in 1223 (37%) participants. Frequency of exposure to social networks was significantly associated with perceived stress (P=.04) and GAD (P=.01). A Bonferroni post hoc test revealed significantly different perceived stress in participants who were exposed to social networks for 1 hour (P=.04) and those who had no exposure (P=.04). A crude linear regression showed that “some” social media use (P=.02) and 1 hour of exposure to social media (P<.001) were associated with perceived stress. Adjusting for sociodemographic variables revealed no associations with this outcome variable. In a crude logistic regression, some social media use (P<.001) and 2 to 5 hours of exposure to social media (P=.03) were associated with GAD. Adjusting for the indicated variables showed that some social network use (P<.001) and 1 hour (P=.04) and 2 to 5 hours (P=.03) of exposure to social media were associated with GAD. Conclusions: Older people, especially women, were often exposed to COVID-19–related information through television and social networks; this affected their mental health, specifically GAD and stress. Thus, the impact of the infodemic should be considered during anamnesis for older people, so that they can share their feelings about it and receive appropriate psychosocial care

MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL : A data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in P ortugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with 26% of all species being includedin the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associatedwith habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mam-mals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion formarine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems func-tionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is cru-cial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS INPORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublishedgeoreferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mam-mals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira thatincludes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occur-ring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live obser-vations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%),bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent lessthan 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrowsjsoil moundsjtunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animaljhairjskullsjjaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8),observation in shelters, (9) photo trappingjvideo, (10) predators dietjpelletsjpine cones/nuts, (11) scatjtrackjditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalizationjecholocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and100 m (76%). Rodentia (n=31,573) has the highest number of records followedby Chiroptera (n=18,857), Carnivora (n=18,594), Lagomorpha (n=17,496),Cetartiodactyla (n=11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n=7008). The data setincludes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened(e.g.,Oryctolagus cuniculus[n=12,159],Monachus monachus[n=1,512],andLynx pardinus[n=197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate thepublication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contrib-ute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting onthe development of more accurate and tailored conservation managementstrategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite thisdata paper when the data are used in publications.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Mammals in Portugal: a data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in Portugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with ~26% of all species being included in the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associated with habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mammals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion for marine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems functionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is crucial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublished georeferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mammals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira that includes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occurring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live observations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%), bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent less than 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrows | soil mounds | tunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animal | hair | skulls | jaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8), observation in shelters, (9) photo trapping | video, (10) predators diet | pellets | pine cones/nuts, (11) scat | track | ditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalization | echolocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and 100 m (76%). Rodentia (n =31,573) has the highest number of records followed by Chiroptera (n = 18,857), Carnivora (n = 18,594), Lagomorpha (n = 17,496), Cetartiodactyla (n = 11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n = 7008). The data set includes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened (e.g., Oryctolagus cuniculus [n = 12,159], Monachus monachus [n = 1,512], and Lynx pardinus [n = 197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate the publication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contribute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting on the development of more accurate and tailored conservation management strategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite this data paper when the data are used in publications

Significando a arte no cotidiano de usuários de um centro de atenção psicossocial

The substitute services originate in the middle of the paradigmatic transition of the asylum care model based on communitarian practices and on the epistemological changes that emerged from the Psychiatric Reform process, which began in the 1970s. One of the substitute services included in the Psychosocial Care Network are the Psychosocial Care Centers where the therapeutic workshops are offered, as well as expressive workshops, which work the individual free creation and imagination through different artistic means. In this context, the study herein refers to a qualitative research of exploratory and objective type, which aims to understand the vision and the senses attributed to the artistic activities by users, during the expressive workshops. The study is based on the Comprehensive Sociology proposed by the French sociologist Michel Maffesoli. The present investigation was carried out in a Psychosocial Care Center, level III, during the following workshops: arts, music and poetry. It is worth highlighting that six men and one woman, selected by intentional sampling, participated in the study herein. In order to make the interviews collection, semi-structured interviews and direct unsystematic participant observation were performed. Additionally, the information from the observation was recorded in a field diary. Seeking to analyze the data, the first reading and the exhaustive reading were carried out for identifying the significant units that emerges from the reports. The information was coupled into analytical categories and assessed through content analysis. The performed research met the legal ethical requirements in investigations involving human beings, and it was also in accordance with the regulated provisions under the National Health and Medical Research Council Resolution number. 466/1. The research results envisioned the understanding of the art use as an innovative technology from the mental health care perspective. It was possible to comprehend that the artistic environment fosters the free expression by working on emotional development and psychic balance, as well as provides improvements in cognitive conditions and assists in psychomotor rehabilitation. In order to understand the meaningfulness of the reports, it is clear that the workshops, when operationalized and systematized according to the therapeutic logic, provide opportunities for the learning development, culture and information access, as well as offer new experiences, promoting affective bonds between users and professionals, contributing to resocialization effectiveness. In the disclosure of the testimonies, it was possible to notice that the continuous lack of materials and the participation lack of the professionals in the conduct of the activities were some of the weaknesses related to the operationalization of the workshops. Through the carried out research, brings reflections on the need to rediscutir the care model in psychosocial care, from the perception and look of the users participating in the research, so that the subjectivities and the emotional densities of being, are contemplated in health care in order to promote, improvements in the systematization of activities and positive consequences for the benefit of users. The findings in the study herein confer and permeate the need and the continuity of studies that examine new perspectives of care based on light technologies in the daily lives of users in the Psychosocial Care Centers.Os serviços substitutivos se originam em meio à transição paradigmática do modelo assistencial asilar para o modelo baseado em práticas comunitárias, alicerçados pelas mudanças epistemológicas emergentes do processo da Reforma Psiquiátrica, iniciado na década de 70. Um dos serviços substitutivos, inclusos na Rede de Atenção Psicossocial, são os Centros de Atenção Psicossocial, sendo as oficinas terapêuticas uma das propostas assistenciais de cuidado oferecidas nesses serviços, dentre estas existem as oficinas expressivas, que trabalham a livre criação e imaginação do indivíduo por intermédio de diferentes meios artísticos. Nesse contexto, o estudo refere-se a uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa do tipo exploratória e objetivou a compreensão da visão e dos sentidos atribuídos pelos usuários ao fazer artístico no cotidiano vivido nas oficinas expressivas. O estudo fundamentou-se na Sociologia Compreensiva do Cotidiano proposta pelo sociólogo francês Michel Maffesoli. A presente investigação realizou-se em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial nível III, as oficinas acompanhadas durante a pesquisa foram as de “artes”, “música” e “poesia”. Participaram da pesquisa sete entrevistados, sendo seis participantes do sexo masculino e uma participante do sexo feminino, selecionados por amostragem intencional. Para coleta dos depoimentos realizou-se entrevistas semiestruturadas e a observação participante assistemática direta, as informações advindas da observação foram registradas em um diário de campo. Para a análise dos dados empreendeu-se a leitura flutuante e posteriormente a leitura exaustiva e minuciosa, para que fossem identificadas as unidades significantes emergentes dos relatos. As informações foram acopladas em categorias analíticas e analisadas a partir da análise de conteúdo. A pesquisa atendeu aos requisitos éticos legais em investigações envolvendo seres humanos, em consonância com as disposições regulamentadas na Resolução nº 466/12 do Conselho Nacional de Saúde. Com os resultados da pesquisa vislumbrou-se a compreensão do uso da arte como uma tecnologia inovadora na perspectiva da assistência em saúde mental. Compreendeu-se que o meio artístico propicia a livre expressão, trabalhando o desenvolvimento emocional e o reequilíbrio psíquico, oportunizando melhorias nas condições cognitivas, bem como auxiliando à psicomotricidade. Averiguou-se o sentido compreensivo dos relatos, e,percebeu-se que as oficinas, quando operacionalizadas e sistematizadas dento da lógica terapêutica, oportunizam meios para o desenvolvimento de aprendizados, acesso à cultura e informações, assim como a vivência de novas experiências, promovendo vínculos afetivos entre usuários e profissionais, contribuindo, ainda, para a efetivação da ressocialização. No desvelar dos depoimentos, observou-se que a escassez contínua de materiais e a não participação dos profissionais na condução das atividades, foram algumas das fragilidades relacionadas à operacionalização das oficinas. A pesquisa traz reflexões sobre a necessidade de se rediscutir o modelo de cuidado na atenção psicossocial, a partir da percepção e olhar dos usuários participantes da pesquisa, para que, assim, as subjetividades e as densidades emocionais do ser, sejam contempladas na assistência à saúde mental, com intuito de promover, melhorias na sistematização das atividades e consequências positivas em benefício aos usuários. Os achados dessa pesquisa conferiram e permearam a necessidade e a continuidade de estudos que esquadrinhem novas perspectivas de cuidados baseados em tecnologias leves no vivido cotidiano dos usuários nos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial.CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superio

In Situ Study of Thermomechanical Processing of Ni-Ti Shape Memory Alloy

The combined effect of solubilisation, hot deformation and precipitation phenomena affect the mechanical behaviour and functional properties of shape memory alloys (SMA). In order to evaluate the hot workability and processing parameters, in situ deformation experiments were conducted with the high energy X-ray diffraction (HEXRD) setup of the HZG beamline (EH3, P07, Petra III, DESY, Hamburg). The uniaxial compression tests were carried out under controlled atmosphere in a modified dilatometer Bähr DIL 805 A/D with tensile/compressive stress units. Solubilisation temperatures of 800, 850, 900 and 950ºC, followed by 500ºC annealing, combined with compressive deformation, were analysed in order to optimize the processing parameters

Functionally Graded Ni-Ti Shape Memory Production And Characterization

A functionally graded shape memory alloy was investigated by thermal, mechanical, thermomechanical and structural analysis, namely using in-situ synchrotron-based x-ray diffraction during cyclic tensile load/unload. Diffraction patterns were recorded under applied stress during the stress-induced martensitic transformation, analyzed and interpreted in view of the evolution of microstructure. The phase transformations temperatures were determined by DSC analyses. The thermomechanical behavior was analyzed by three-point bending test. The present study focusses on the localized heat treatment (Joule heat effect) of NiTi wires, using an equipment that gives a large variety of graded treatments [1]. Structural, mechanical and thermomechanical characterization is presented in order to get a perspective of the optimization parameters for the adequate graded functionality