Nursing students' attitudes about their profession

Introduction: Positive attitudes toward the nursing profession among nursing students improve the sustainability of the profession. Studying the attitudes of nursing students toward nursing is of great importance, as it can indicate their remaining in the profession. This study aimed to determine the attitudes of nursing students toward the nursing profession.Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive, analytical study. The research was conducted at the Faculty of Health Studies at the University of Sarajevo from May to June 2019. The study involved a convenience sample of 107 currently enrolled Bachelor of Nursing students from the 1st to the 4th (and final) year of full-time study and part-time students in the Baccalaureate of Nursing Care program at the University of Sarajevo. The students voluntarily and anonymously completed a questionnaire consisting of demographic information and the Nursing Image Questionnaire.Results: Overall, 107 students participated in the research. Their mean age was 23 years old (standard deviation, 5 years). Spearman’s correlation factor shows a statistically significant correlation between the scores and the mode of studying (full-time or part-time) (rho = −0.200*, p = 0.039) and whether respondents working in the profession or not (rho = 0.249*, p = 0.010).Conclusion: The attitudes of future Bachelor of Nursing toward the nursing profession were very positive. Full-time students had more positive attitudes toward the profession, compared with part-time students, although the difference was not statistically significant

Awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension among adult population in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina over the past decade

Background. Many studies throughout the world show that hypertension is not effectively treated and controlled, which continued to pose an important challenge in health systems in the world. Design and methods. Population surveys were carried out in 2002 and 2012 in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FBIH) on representative sample at the age of 25-64. The surveys used systematic stratified sample. Questionnaires and anthropometric measure protocols were adapted from internationally recommended surveys. Results. In the past ten years there has been a slight increase in hypertension prevalence in researched population (41% vs. 42%). Percentage of hypertensive male and female respondents who are not aware of their hypertension actually dropped in the past decade from 54.3% to 51.4%. In 2002 total number of hypertensive respondents aware of their hypertension included 8.1% of male respondents and 10.3% female respondents whose condition was not treated and this rate effectively dropped during the 10-year period. Number of hypertensive, treated, and uncontrolled respondents dropped as reported in the 2012 survey; consequently percentage of hypertensive, treated, and controlled respondents in the 2012 survey increased, in particular in female population.Conclusions. Investments in primary health care, improved availability, and improved quality of health care in the FBIH in the past 10 years can explain increased rate of hypertension detection and treatment; however, efforts should be continued to introduce hypertension screening programs and hypertension control programs

KNOWLEDGE OF NURSES/TECHNICIANS ON THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC WOUNDS IN RELATION TO THE LEVEL OF HEALTHCARE

It is estimated that 1 to 2% of the population in developed countries will experience a chronic wound during their lifetime. Nurses are leaders in applying innovations that can create positive results in preventing and treating chronic wounds in patients admitted to acute care hospitals. The aim of the research is to examine the knowledge of nurses-technicians about the knowledge of measures for the prevention and treatment of chronic wounds. In the research of knowledge on the treatment of chronic wounds, 349 respondents participated, employed at the primary and tertiary levels of health care. For the purposes of the research, the authors created a questionnaire based on a review of professional and scientific literature, as well as evidence in practice. The research was conducted through the Chamber of Nurses-Technicians of Sarajevo Canton and the Chamber of Tuzla Canton. Respondents from Sarajevo Canton worked significantly longer in practice, and 36.2% of respondents worked from 21 to 30 years, and 10.9% of respondents worked longer than 30 years, while among respondents from Tuzla Canton 34.8% of them, worked from 21 to 30 years and 9.9% worked for more than 30 years. 43.9% of respondents from Tuzla Canton and 39.6% of respondents from Sarajevo Canton had a certificate for the care of chronic wounds (X 2 = 9.077; p = 0.028). The assessment of knowledge is in a direct positive relationship with the level of health care (rho = 0.187; p = 0.001). Analysis of the knowledge in relation to the level of health care showed that respondents employed at the tertiary level of health care, have significantly better knowledge about the treatment of chronic wounds. We conclude that the assessment of knowledge is in a direct positive relationship with the level of health care

KNOWLEDGE OF NURSES/TECHNICIANS ON THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC WOUNDS IN RELATION TO THE LEVEL OF HEALTHCARE

It is estimated that 1 to 2% of the population in developed countries will experience a chronic wound during their lifetime. Nurses are leaders in applying innovations that can create positive results in preventing and treating chronic wounds in patients admitted to acute care hospitals. The aim of the research is to examine the knowledge of nurses-technicians about the knowledge of measures for the prevention and treatment of chronic wounds. In the research of knowledge on the treatment of chronic wounds, 349 respondents participated, employed at the primary and tertiary levels of health care. For the purposes of the research, the authors created a questionnaire based on a review of professional and scientific literature, as well as evidence in practice. The research was conducted through the Chamber of Nurses-Technicians of Sarajevo Canton and the Chamber of Tuzla Canton. Respondents from Sarajevo Canton worked significantly longer in practice, and 36.2% of respondents worked from 21 to 30 years, and 10.9% of respondents worked longer than 30 years, while among respondents from Tuzla Canton 34.8% of them, worked from 21 to 30 years and 9.9% worked for more than 30 years. 43.9% of respondents from Tuzla Canton and 39.6% of respondents from Sarajevo Canton had a certificate for the care of chronic wounds (X 2 = 9.077; p = 0.028). The assessment of knowledge is in a direct positive relationship with the level of health care (rho = 0.187; p = 0.001). Analysis of the knowledge in relation to the level of health care showed that respondents employed at the tertiary level of health care, have significantly better knowledge about the treatment of chronic wounds. We conclude that the assessment of knowledge is in a direct positive relationship with the level of health care

Prevalence of behavioral risk factors of non-communicable diseases among urban and rural population in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Introduction The objective of the paper is to analyze and to assess prevalence of the major behavioral risk factors among adult population (25-64 years of age) in the rural and urban areas in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FBIH).Methods Data were taken from cross-sectional population survey on the health status population in the FBIH. To ensure a sample representative for the adult population in the FBIH it was applied the two-stage stratified systematic sample. The survey covered a total of 2735 adult population aged 25-64 years, of which 1087 in the urban areas and 1648 in rural areas.Results. The prevalence of smoking among men in rural areas is significantly higher than among men in urban areas (69% vs. 55%), while the prevalence of smoking among women is higher in urban than in rural areas (45% vs. 31%). There is no statistically significant difference in prevalence of obesity and physical activity according to the age groups among men and women in the urban and rural areas. The frequency of changes in behavior related to acquiring healthy living habits in the rural areas is statistically significant among men and women, while in the urban areas there is no statistical significance among the sexes.Conclusions. The results indicate that there are no significant differences in prevalence of factor risks in urban and rural areas. Prevalence of unhealthy lifestyles is high, and the results should be used to improve standard planning of health promotion-prevention programs

INFLUENCE OF WORKING ENVIRONMENT ON THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF NURSES

The quality of working life is assessed on the basis of safety and protection at work, respect for equal opportunities for development and advancement, freedom of critical thinking, and creativity. There is a close relationship between the work environment, organizational culture, organizational behavior, leadership styles, work efficiency, and employee productivity. All these factors affect the quality of life of workers. The objectives of the research are based on examining the work engagement of nurses-technicians; the impact of the working environment on the quality of life of nurses-technicians; determining the correlation between sociodemographic, psychographic factors, and factors that affect the health of nurses, as well as examining satisfaction with the workplace and working environment through the application of motivational techniques. The research is descriptive. The total number of subjects included in the study was 234, of which 169 or 72% were from the Clinical Center of the University of Sarajevo (KCUS), and 65 or 28% from the "Herz-Jesu" Dernbach Hospital (HJDK). An anonymous survey questionnaire and internal regulations of the health institutions where the research was conducted were used for the research, and they refer to the employment of nursing staff and turnover. The results of the research indicate that a small number of KCUS employees believe that they are not sufficiently evaluated for their work, so they are generally more dissatisfied with their workplace. On the other hand, dissatisfaction at HJKD is mostly caused by stress

The importance of social support for elderly people

Introduction: Social support is not a one-way relationship but is based on the connections people have with other people, groups, and the wider community. This study aimed to assess the perception of social support by people in the third age and to investigate the correlation of social support with the sociodemographic characteristics of the respondents. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted with 147 elderly people who actively use the services of the Center for Health Promotion and Improvement “Generacija” in Sarajevo. The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) was used to assess social perceptions. Results: The results show a weak negative relationship between age and the total scale (r = −0.199, p = 0.05), with older people having lower scores on the total scale. A significant relationship was found between the subscale other factors and age (r = −0.202, p = 0.05). The evaluation of the performance of daily activities correlates weakly with the evaluation of the friend’s subscale (r = 0.186, p = 0.05). The friend’s subscale correlates significantly with the quality of social life (r = 0.227, p = 0.05). The subjective assessment of the quality of social life after arriving at the center showed a correlation with the overall scale score (r = 0.182, p = 0.05) and especially with the friend subscale (r = 0.219, p = 0.05), with the increase in social life and the subscales examined in both cases. Conclusion: Users of the “Generacija” center rate social support on the MSPSS with high scores, with users receiving the most support from family. The sociodemographic characteristics of the respondents have an impact on the perception of social support by the users of the Center for Health Promotion and Improvement “Generacija,” more specifically; they were statistically significantly influenced by age, the way of performing daily activities, the quality of social life and the quality of social life after arrival at the Center

Prognostic value of colour Doppler brain sonography for the neurodevelopmental outcome in term neonates with hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy

Aim To determine a prognostic value of cerebral blood flow parameters for the development of neurological sequelae in term neonates with hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE). Methods We reviewed medical records of 47 term neonates with HIE who survived until the age of 12 months of life. According to the Sarnat and Sarnat clinical score, neonates were divided into 3 groups: mild HIE, moderate HIE and severe HIE. All included neonates had the colour Doppler brain sonography performed in the first 24 hours of life. The neurological assessment was done at the age of 12 months of life by using the Denver Developmental Screening Test (DDST). Logic regression analysis was performed using the colour doppler brain sonography parameters with the development of neurological impairment as the primary outcome. Results Out of 47 neonates, 19 (40.4%) were with mild, 17 (36.2%) with moderate and 11 (23.4%) with severe HIE. The values of cerebral blood flow parameters and resistance index (RI) significantly correlated with the neurological impairment at the age of 12 months of life (p<0.001). The limit value of RI indicating the poor neurodevelopmental outcome was 0.81, sensitivity 80%, specificity 85.3%, positive predictive value 52.2% and negative predictive value 95.2%. Conclusion The cerebral blood flow parameters measured with colour doppler brain sonography are good indicators of the severity of HIE and later neurodevelopmetal outcome

BIOETIČKO ODLUČIVANJE U KLINIČKOJ SESTRINSKOJ PRAKSI

Introduction: Nursing as a profession and vocation is understood as humanity, altruism and dedication. Nurses possess 4 types of responsibilities: human, legal, ethical and professional, within which protective models are oriented to the well-being of the patient. The values, rules and principles within nursing practice are regulated by codes of ethics. Aim: To determine the infl uence of knowledge, positive attitude and love for the profession, as well as practices based on high moral and ethical principles in graduate nurses on making ethical decisions in work with patients. Material and methods: The study was conducted among 106 graduate nurses of the Clinical Center of the University of Sarajevo. The study was descriptive, transverse according to the cross-sectional type. The study was conducted in the period from June 1, 2019 to September 30, 2019. Statistical data processing was performed using the χ2-test, Fisher test, Mann-Whitney U test, and other tests. Results: The majority of respondents (89.4%) stated that they chose nursing profession out of love and desire to help sick people. The largest number of respondents make ethical decisions independently in the implementation of appropriate health care (84%), 62.3% are considered religious, but 77.7% of them believe that religiosity does not affect ethical decision making. Half of the respondents stated that they were in a situation to act as a legal protector for patients in case they noticed that they could be harmed. The majority of respondents (84%) did not have a situation to make wrong ethical decision in their practice. Conclusion: Our study confi rms that in order to make ethical decisions in working with patients, graduate nurses must have quality knowledge, a positive attitude and love for the profession, and a practice based on high moral and ethical principles.Uvod: Sestrinstvo kao profesija i poziv shvaćeno je kao humanost, altruizam i predanost. Medicinske sestre imaju 4 vrste odgovornosti i to: ljudska, pravna, etička i profesionalna, a unutar kojih se prožimaju zaštitnički modeli usmjereni na dobro bolesnika. Vrijednosti, pravila i načela unutar sestrinske prakse regulirani su etičkim kodeksima. Cilj: Utvrditi utjecaj znanja, pozitivno izgrađenog stava i ljubavi prema struci, kao i prakse zasnovane na visokim moralnim i etičkim načelima kod diplomiranih medicinskih sestara na donošenje etičkih odluka u radu s bolesnicima. Materijal i metode: Istraživanje je provedeno među 106 diplomiranih medicinskih sestara Kliničkog centra Univerziteta u Sarajevu. Istraživanje je deskriptivno, transverzalno prema tipu poprečne (cross-sectional) studije. Istraživanje je provedeno u razdoblju od 1. lipnja 2019. do 30. rujna 2019. godine. Statistička obrada podataka učinjena je uz primjenu χ²-testa, Fisherova testa, Mann-Whitneyeva U testa i drugih testova. Rezultati: Većina ispitanika (89,4 %) izjavila je da su sestrinsku struku odabrali iz ljubavi i želje da pomažu bolesnim osobama. Najveći broj ispitanika samostalno donosi etičke odluke kod provođenja odgovarajuće zdravstvene njege (84 %), 62,3 % se smatra religioznim, međutim 77,7 % ih smatra da religioznost ne utječe na donošenje etičkih odluka. Polovina ispitanih navodi kako su bili u situaciji da se ponašaju kao pravni zaštitnik bolesnika kada primijete da bi im se mogla nanijeti šteta. Većina ispitanika (84 %) nije bila u situaciji da u svojoj praksi donesu pogrešnu etičku odluku. Zaključak: Rad potvrđuje da za donošenje etičkih odluka u radu s bolesnicima diplomirane medicinske sestre moraju imati kvalitetno znanje, izgrađen pozitivan stav i ljubav prema struci te praksu zasnovanu na visokim moralnim i etičkim načelima