2 research outputs found
Multimode chromatographyâbased techniques for high purity isolation of extracellular vesicles from human blood plasma
Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a pivotal role in various biological pathways, such as immune responses and the progression of diseases, including cancer. However, it is challenging to isolate EVs at high purity from blood plasma and other biofluids due to their low abundance compared to more predominant biomolecular species such as lipoprotein particles and free protein complexes. Ultracentrifugationâbased EV isolation, the current gold standard technique, cannot overcome this challenge due to the similar biophysical characteristics of such species. We developed several novel approaches to enrich EVs from plasma while depleting contaminating molecular species using multimode chromatographyâbased strategies. On average, we identified 716 ± 68 and 1054 ± 35 protein groups in EV isolates from 100 ”L of plasma using multimode chromatographyâ and ultracentrifugationâbased techniques, respectively. The developed methods resulted in similar EV isolates purity, providing significant advantages in simplicity, throughput, scalability, and applicability for various downstream analytical and potential clinical applications
Human red blood cells release microvesicles with distinct sizes and protein composition that alter neutrophil phagocytosis
Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membraneâbound structures released by cells and tissues into biofluids, involved in cellâcell communication. In humans, circulating red blood cells (RBCs), represent the most common cellâtype in the body, generating daily large numbers of microvesicles. In vitro, RBC vesiculation can be mimicked by stimulating RBCs with calcium ionophores, such as ionomycin and A23187. The fate of microvesicles released during in vivo aging of RBCs and their interactions with circulating cells is hitherto unknown. Using SEC plus DEG isolation methods, we have found that human RBCs generate microvesicles with two distinct sizes, densities and protein composition, identified by flow cytometry, and MRPS, and further validated by immune TEM. Furthermore, proteomic analysis revealed that RBCâderived microvesicles (RBCâMVs) are enriched in proteins with important functions in ion channel regulation, calcium homeostasis and vesicular transport, such as of sorcin, stomatin, annexin A7 and RAB proteins. Cryoâelectron microscopy identified two separate pathways of RBCâMVâneutrophil interaction, direct fusion with the plasma membrane and internalization, respectively. Functionally, RBCâMVs decrease neutrophil ability to phagocytose Escherichia coli but do not affect their survival at 24Â h. This work brings new insights regarding the complexity of the RBCâMVs biogenesis, as well as their possible role in circulation