Non-Quadratic Gauge Fixing and Global Gauge Invariance in the Effective Action

The possibility of having a gauge fixing term in the effective Lagrangian that is not a quadratic expression has been explored in spin-two theories so as to have a propagator that is both traceless and transverse. We first show how this same approach can be used in spontaneously broken gauge theories as an alternate to the 't Hooft gauge fixing which avoids terms quadratic in the scalar fields. This "non-quadratic" gauge fixing in the effective action results in there being two complex Fermionic and one real Bosonic ghost fields. A global gauge invariance involving a Fermionic gauge parameter, analogous to the usual BRST invariance, is present in this effective action.Comment: 4 pages, revtex4 (submitted to Phys. Rev. D

The wind-sock theory of comet tails

A method is reported for calculating the shapes of ionic comet tails that use the magnetic field along the tail to channel the tail plasma. The local momentum field in the solar wind determines magnetic field line locations along the tail. Thus, the magnetic field acts as a transparent wind sock in trapping field lines in the cometary plasma around the nucleus long enough to be effectively fastened to the comet's head

Bedside differentiation of vestibular neuritis from central "vestibular pseudoneuritis".

Acute unilateral peripheral and central vestibular lesions can cause similar signs and symptoms, but they require different diagnostics and management. We therefore correlated clinical signs to differentiate vestibular neuritis (40 patients) from central ‘‘vestibular pseudoneuritis’’ (43 patients) in the acute situation with the final diagnosis assessed by neuroimaging. Skew deviation was the only specific but non-sensitive (40%) sign for pseudoneuritis. None of the other isolated signs (head thrust test, saccadic pursuit, gaze evoked nystagmus, subjective visual vertical) were reliable; however, multivariate logistic regression increased their sensitivity and specificity to 92%

A five colour photometry and polarimetry of the zodiacal light - A preliminary report

Five color photometry and polarimetry of the zodiacal ligh

The z>4 Quasar Population Observed by Chandra and XMM-Newton

The current status of our Chandra and XMM-Newton project on high-redshift (z>4) quasars is briefly reviewed. We report the main results obtained in the last few years for the detected quasars, along with a few (~10%) intriguing cases where no detection has been obtained with Chandra snapshot observations.Comment: 4 pages, to appear in the proceedings of 'Multiwavelength AGN surveys' (Cozumel, December 8-12 2003), ed. R. Maiolino and R. Mujic

Microbial mats of the Tswaing impact crater: results of a South African exobiology expedition and implications for the search for biological molecules on Mars

We describe microbial mats from the Tswaing impact crater in South Africa. The mats provide insights into the unique biological characteristics of impact craters and can help strategies for the search for biomolecules on Mars