25 research outputs found
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Intellectual Self-Portrait
Even though I grew up in a family of educators (my mother and father were both principals and an older sister was an elementary school teacher) I had no early interest in entering the education profession. Nevertheless, growing up in this family environment and attending segregated schools in the South made me keenly aware of educational issues and inequities at an early age. Further, having been assigned outdated textbooks with no remaining spaces for entering my name, taking science classes with less lab equipment than I had in my Gilbert’s home chemistry sets, taking PE classes and playing varsity basketball on outdoor courts, and generally being educated in inferior facilities provided me with an experiential awareness of educational inequality under de jure segregation that left me feeling cheated
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We Need to Talk About Racism—In All of Its Forms—To Understand COVID-19 Disparities
Purpose:
Racism is an essential factor to understand racial health disparities in infection and mortality due to COVID-19 and must be thoroughly integrated into any successful public health response. But highlighting the effect of racism generally does not go far enough toward understanding racial/ethnic health disparities or advocating for change; we must interrogate the various forms of racism in the United States, including behaviors and practices that are not recognized by many as racism.
Methods:
In this article, we explore the prevalence and demographic distribution of various forms of racism in the United States and how these diverse racial ideologies are potentially associated with racialized responses to the COVID-19 crisis.
Results:
We find that among white Americans, more than a quarter express traditional racist attitudes, whereas more than half endorse more contemporary and implicit forms of racist ideology. Each of these types of racism helps us explain profound disparities related to COVID-19.
Conclusions:
Despite a robust literature documenting persistent patterns of racial disparities in the United States, a focus on the role that various forms of racism play in perpetuating these disparities is absent. These distinctions are essential to realizing health equity and countering disparities in COVID-19 and other health outcomes among people of color in the United States
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Desegregation and Black Student Attrition
Black students at traditionally black colleges behave in fundamentally different ways from black students at traditionally white institutions
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Sport and race relations in American society
This paper examines contemporary patterns of American race relations as they are mirrored in the social institution of sport. Specifically, the National Football League is used as a case example to illustrate how subtle, systemic, and institutional barriers continue to block equal employment opportunities for Blacks, even in sectors of society which are putatively free of racial discrimination.
This paper is comprised of three parts. Part one reviews the accumulated evidence on racial discrimination in sports and reveals that although Black players' performances have in the last two decades become increasingly pre-eminent in baseball, basketball and football, they have made few inroads into professional sports management either on or off the playing fields. Part two uses multiple regression and path analysis to compute estimates of (1) the relative influence of race versus other relevant characteristics-education, leadership ability, professional accomplishments-on the player to coach transition; and (2) the proportion of Black players which, all else being equal (at least in terms of the present model of managerial recruitment), might have been selected as either head or assistant coaches in the National Football League, if race were not a factor in the selection process. Part three discusses the implications of this study for public policy regarding equal employment opportunities and for research on inequality and race relations in American society
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Race, athletics, and Educational attainment Dispelling the Myths
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Do Black Lives Matter in the American Public's Mitigation Responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic? An Analysis of Mask Wearing and Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Deaths from COVID-19
Background Mask wearing has varied considerably throughout the COVID-19 pandemic and has been most often associated with political affiliation and specific health beliefs. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between mask usage, neighborhood racial segregation, and racial disparities in COVID-19 deaths. Methods We used linear regression to assess whether the racial/ethnic composition of deaths and residential segregation predicted Americans' decisions to wear masks in July 2020. Results After controlling for mask mandates, mask usage increased when White death rates relative to Black and Hispanic rates increased. Conclusions Mask wearing may be shaped by an insensitivity to Black and Hispanic deaths and a corresponding unwillingness to engage in health-protective behaviors. The broader history of systemic racism and residential segregation may also explain why white Americans do not wear masks or perceive themselves to be at risk when communities of color are disproportionately affected by COVID-19
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Chapter 4: Education of Early Adolescents
For many youth 10 to 15 years old, early adolescence offers opportunities to choose a path toward a productive and fulfilling life. For many others, it represents their last best chance to avoid a diminished future. (Carnegie Council on Adolescent Development, 1989
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Long-term effects of school desegregation on southern blacks
Relatively little is known about the long-term effects of school desegregation on black adult lifestyles and life chances. For example, does school segregation perpetuate itself across stages of the life cycle and across different institutional settings? Does school segregation constrain the career educational and occupational aspirations and attainments of blacks? These important issues have only recently begun to receive empirical research attention. This article reviews research on the effects of school desegregation on southern blacks, with particular emphasis on recent evidence from several large-scale national surveys. Results are discussed in terms of their implications for social policy and racial equity