Determining Index Data from Refracted/Diffracted Rays

An optical fiber is a cylindrical waveguide of visible (or near visible) light composed of silica doped with germanium oxide (Ge02). The guiding is accomplished by varying the level of Ge02 in the fiber to create an index of refraction in the fiber that varies with the radius of the fiber. The fiber is manufactured by creating a large cane with a radius on the order of centimeters that goes through a sequence of heatings and extrusions until it reaches the finished size, which has a radius on the order of microns. To assess the quality of optical fibers during their manufacture, it is common to measure the index of refraction of a cane during an intermediate step of the process. The index of refraction varies with the radius of the cane, and is written n(r). The desired profile varies depending on the future use of the optical fiber, but a standard profile is a simple parabola. The actual profile in an optical fiber does not match the desired profile due to the way in which optical fibers are manufactured. A glass blank is spun on a lathe while a flame that is fed an appropriate level of silica and Ge02 moves rapidly back and forth along the cane. Soot from the flame is deposited on the spinning blank. Naturally the deposition will create spiral patterns of doping on the cane. This creates oscillations in the level of Ge02, and therefore in the desired refractive index. Because soot is being deposited at a constant volumetric rate, the wavelength of the oscillation decreases as the radius of the cane increases. The flame travels up and back along the cane in each layer, so the layer structure has two local maxima in each full oscillation. Because the oscillatory behavior of n(r) is unimportant in the final product, Corning asked to determine a way to remove the noise in the measurements of n(r) caused by the oscillations, and determine the background profile

Arkansas Cotton Variety Test 2008

The primary goal of the Arkansas Cotton Variety Test is to provide unbiased data regarding the agronomic performance of cotton varieties and advanced breeding lines in the major cotton-growing areas of Arkansas. This information helps seed companies establish marketing strategies and assists producers in choosing varieties to plant

Arkansas Cotton Variety Test 2007

The primary goal of the Arkansas Cotton Variety Test is to provide unbiased data regarding the agronomic performance of cotton varieties and advanced breeding lines in the major cotton-growing areas of Arkansas. This information helps seed companies establish marketing strategies and assists producers in choosing varieties to plant

Unit Pricing and Open Dating.

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Arkansas Cotton Variety Test 2003

The primary aim of the Arkansas Cotton Variety Test is to provide unbiased data regarding the agronomic performance of cotton varieties and advanced breeding lines in the major cotton-growing areas of Arkansas. This information helps seed dealers establish marketing strategies and assists producers in choosing varieties to plant. In this way, the annual test facilitates the inclusion of new, improved genetic material in Arkansas cotton production

Arkansas Cotton Variety Test 1999

The primary aim of the Arkansas Cotton Variety Test is to provide unbiased data regarding the agronomic performance of cotton varieties in the major cotton growing areas in Arkansas. This information helps seed dealers establish marketing strategies and assists producers in choosing varieties to plant. In this way the annual test facilitates the inclusion of new, improved genetic material into Arkansas cotton production. The 1999 test had 67 entries (including 25 transgenic genotypes and 35 first-year entries), which were evaluated at sixsites in eastern Arkansas. The presence of four transgenic and five first-year entries among the top 10 yielding entries suggests that improvement is being accomplished in varietal development. This report also includes the Mississippi County Variety Test (an on-farm evaluation of selected varieties) and on-farm variety trials conducted by the Cooperative Extension Service

Arkansas Cotton Variety and Strain Tests 1991

Varieties and advanced strains of cotton were evaluated in 1991 by the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station. Varieties and some advanced breeding lines were evaluated in the 1991 Arkansas Cotton Variety Test. Entries in the 1991 Commercial Cotton Strain Test included both released varieties that have not been evaluated in Arkansas and advanced breeding lines that may soon be available to producers

Arkansas Cotton Variety Test 2004

The primary aim of the Arkansas Cotton Variety Test is to provide unbiased data regarding the agronomic performance of cotton varieties and advanced breeding lines in the major cotton-growing areas of Arkansas. This information helps seed dealers establish marketing strategies and assists producers in choosing varieties to plant

Optimal Filling of Shapes

We present filling as a type of spatial subdivision problem similar to covering and packing. Filling addresses the optimal placement of overlapping objects lying entirely inside an arbitrary shape so as to cover the most interior volume. In n-dimensional space, if the objects are polydisperse n-balls, we show that solutions correspond to sets of maximal n-balls. For polygons, we provide a heuristic for finding solutions of maximal discs. We consider the properties of ideal distributions of N discs as N approaches infinity. We note an analogy with energy landscapes.Comment: 5 page