Apport de la thérapie par pression négative dans la prise en charge des fractures ouvertes de jambe (à propos de 21 cas)

POITIERS-BU Médecine pharmacie (861942103) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Individual Differences in Reward Sensitivity Modulate the Distinctive Effects of Conscious and Unconscious Rewards on Executive Performance

International audienceExecutive control can be driven by conscious and unconscious monetary cues. This has raised the exciting question regarding the role of conscious and unconscious reward in the regulation of executive control. Similarities and differences have been uncovered between unconscious and conscious processing of monetary rewards. In the present study, we explored whether individual differences associated with reward sensitivity foster these variations on memory-updating—a core component process of executive control. Participants (N = 60) with low, medium, and high reward sensitivity were selected and performed a numerical memory-updating task. At the beginning of each trial, a high (1 euro) or a low (5 cents) reward was presented subliminally (24 ms) or supraliminally (300 ms). Participants earned the reward by responding correctly. Participants with low reward sensitivity performed better for the high reward only in the subliminal condition. For participants with medium reward sensitivity, performance improved with high reward in both subliminal and supraliminal conditions. When participants had high reward sensitivity scores, the effect of reward was stronger in the supraliminal condition than the subliminal condition. These results show that the distinctive effects of conscious and unconscious rewards on executive performance are modulated by individual differences in reward sensitivity. We discuss this finding with reference to models of conscious/unconscious processing of reward stimuli

Ostéosynthèse percutanée associée à la cyphoplastie par ballonnets dans le traitement des fractures lombaires et thoracolombaires non neurologiques (une série de 24 cas)

POITIERS-BU Médecine pharmacie (861942103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Processing speed and executive functions in cognitive aging: How to disentangle their mutual relationship?

International audienceThe processing-speed theory and the prefrontal-executive theory are competing theories of cognitive aging. Here we used a theoretically and methodologically-driven framework to investigate the relationships among measures classically used to assess these two theoretical constructs. Twenty-eight young adults (18–32 years) and 39 healthy older adults (65–80 years) performed a battery of nine neuropsychological and experimental tasks assessing three executive function (EF) components: Inhibition, Updating, and Shifting. Rate of information processing was evaluated via three different experimental and psychometric tests. Partial correlations analyses suggested that 2-Choice Reaction Time (CRT) performance is a more pure measure of processing speed than Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) performance in the elderly. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that, although measures of processing speed and EF components share mutual variance, each measure was independently affected by chronological age. The unique adverse effect of age was more important for processing speed than for EF. The processing-speed theory and the prefrontal-executive theory of cognitive aging were shown not to be mutually exclusive but share mutual variance. This implies the need to control for their mutual relationship before examining their unique potential role in the explanation of age-related cognitive declines. Caution has still to be taken concerning the tasks used to evaluate these theoretical constructs

Traitement chirurgical hybride de l'hallux valgus (résultats préliminaires d'une étude prospective continue de 24 cas)

POITIERS-BU Médecine pharmacie (861942103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Motor Knowledge Modulates Attentional Processing during Action Judgment

International audienceSeveral studies have revealed the role of motor experience when humans have to judge human actions. However, the possible influence of motor knowledge on attentionprocesses has been neglected. This study used a flanker paradigm (Eriksen andEriksen1974) to analyze the attentionresponses of male and female participants during the judgment of running movements. Three running actions appeared simultaneously on a computer screen, with the target in the center and the flankers in the periphery. The target and flankers could be compatible or incompatible concerning both the direction of the movement and the sex of the runner. Moreover, flankers were presented upright or upside-down. The results indicate that the distracting effect of the flankers was different for male and female participants. Whereas direction-incompatible flankers systematically disturbed the female participants’ performance, regardless of the sex and the orientation of the flanker, male participants were only distracted when the flankers were upright males. This finding offers new directions to explain sex differences in the judgment of human action

Etude des effets de l'hypoxie chronique sur les apprentissages moteurs (approche neuropsychologique et cognitive)

NANCY1-SCD Sciences & Techniques (545782101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Vieillissement, Exercice et Cognition : les connexions entre cœur et cerveau

International audienc