Performance Analysis of Public Cloud Computing Providers

The objective of this paper is to perform a comprehensive performance comparison of public cloud services for computing and to analyze the correlation between their prices and performance. Eight representative public cloud providers were divided into two groups using market share: small cloud providers and large cloud providers. Results revealed that these offered computing services vary widely in performance and price; most small cloud providers have more stable and better computing performance than large cloud providers; the performance of CPU impact price significantly

Introduction: Gestion de la connaissance et devenir(s) des organisations

To become organizations is now largely recognized like dependent on their capacity being created and managing their knowledge. According to certain economists, we enter in a new phase of the capitalism: a cognitive capitalism, in which knowledge becomes the principal source of accumulation. Technologies of information and communication play a major part in this mode of regulation

LES DETERMINANTS DE L'OFFRE VOLONTAIRE D'INFORMATION SUR LE CAPITAL IMMATERIEL : UNE ANALYSE DE CONTENU DES RAPPORTS ANNUELS DES GRANDES FIRMES FRANÇAISES

International audienceThis article analyzes the characteristics and determinants of voluntary intellectual capital disclosure, on a sample of French companies belonging to the SBF120 index and observed in 2006/2005. Using content analysis, the study found that French firms prefer narrative and descriptive information form and publish more on structural and relational capital than human capital. The paper confirmed that financial usefulness and legitimacy are the reasons for voluntary intellectual capital disclosure. In fact, results showed that managers publish more information to reduce agency costs. Moreover, the study showed that firm's age, listing status and employees' pressure are determinants of intellectual capital disclosures.Le présent papier analyse les caractéristiques et les facteurs explicatifs de la divulgation volontaire d'informations sur le capital immatériel, sur un échantillon d'entreprises françaises appartenant à l'indice SBF120 et observées en 2006/2005. En utilisant la méthode d'analyse de contenu, l'étude a montré que les firmes privilégient la forme narrative et descriptive et publient plus d'informations sur le capital structurel et capital relationnel. Les résultats ont montré que la proportion du capital détenue par les dirigeants, l'âge de la firme, le statut de cotation et la pression des employés sont les déterminants de la divulgation volontaire d'informations sur le capital immatériel. Ainsi, la divulgation volontaire sur les incorporels est motivée par les arguments de l'utilité financière (réduction des coûts d'agence) et la légitimité

Key AI Competences by 2035: A Taxonomy for Firms

Our research examines the transformative changes that AI systems already bring about and are projected to cause in the future. These transformations are often referred to as ‘a fourth industrial revolution’ (Schwab, 2016; cf. Brynjolfsson & McAfee, 2014; Raisch & Krakowski, 2021). For the purposes of this foresight exercise, we assume that AI is likely to be a ‘general-purpose technology’ (Brynjolfsson et al., 2019; cf. Lipsey et al., 2005), similar to technologies such as the steam engine, electrification, and computing. The overall research questions that this project aims to address are: What are the effects of AI on companies by 2035? Does the advent of AI necessitate changes in the organisational design of companies? What are the corresponding key competences that companies need? In this paper, we propose a taxonomy that addresses the last question: what are the key competences for firms on an organisational level to be prepared for AI systems

How do firms use cloud computing to transform their organization? Evidence from a global survey

Purpose – The paper aims to address the organizational transformation of firms for value creation resulting from cloud computing (CC). Design/methodology/approach – With reference to the theory of organizational fit, we modeled organizational transformation as a function of five aspects of CC practice: functionality, data management, roles and competences of information technology services, control and organizational culture. The output variable was tested against a set of input variables defined with reference to the technology–organization–environment (TOE) and technology acceptance model (TAM). Based on a sample of 487 companies in seven countries in Europe, Asia, and the United States, the authors distinguished two groups of firms: transformational and hyper transformational. Findings – The results highlight the key factors that determine whether a firm falls into one of these two groups, and include perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use, complexity and compatibility of CC technology, and adequacy of resources. Top management support and government policy are found to only play a role for the transformational group while, surprisingly, vendor support had no impact for either group. Originality/value – This research contributes to the literature on the role of digital transformation in value creation and on digitization of firms and organizational design, notably by considering the contribution of CC to the organizational dimension. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to make the link between TOE and TAM models and organizational fit theory, thereby going beyond the general approach to adoption found in information system research

Gestion de la connaissance et systèmes d\u27incitation :entre théorie du hau et théorie du ba

The development of knowledge management practices within organizations during the last years has been mainly technology-driven. At the practical as well as the theoretical level, a weak attention has been paid to an important issue : the analysis of the relationship between incitative systems and knowledge sharing. After a presentation of a typology of barriers to knowledge sharing, the paper details the case of value added services sectors and presents the typology of mobilisable knowledge as well as of incitative systems that are really or potentially implemented. Finally, the paper suggests the necessity of articulating two possible theories for knowledge exchanges within organizations : the Hau theory of Mauss and the Ba theory of Nonaka and Konno

3 cas de comportement des pays en voie de développement face à la stratégie globale de l'entreprise du secteur automobile

[eng] Three case studies of developing countries behaviour toward the global strategy of the automobile enterprise:. — The analysis of the crisis which the automobile industry is coping with refers to the study of the behaviour of numerous actors (the big firm, the authorities, the trade unions, the consumer, the developing countries).. This paper deals with the aspects of the crisis which concern the big firm and the developing country.. First of all, the author has defined the big firm's global strategy as a function of a set of constraints (called: the "matrix of constraints").. Furthermore, the analysis of three case studies of developing countries behaviour shows the degree of compatibility of their automotive industrial policies with this global strategy, and the importance of bargaining power as a determinant of the dividion of labor between the two actors. [fre] Trois cas de comportements de pays en développement face à la stratégie globale de l'entreprise du secteur automobile :. — L'analyse de la crise que connaît l'industrie automobile renvoie à celle du comportement d'une pluralité d'acteurs (grande firme, pouvoirs publics, organisations syndicales, consommateur, pays en développement).. Dans cet article sont traités ceux des aspects de cette crise qui concernent la grande entreprise du secteur d'une part et le pays en développement d'autre part ; ainsi, on a tout d'abord procédé à la définition de la stratégie globale de la grande entreprise comme réponse « idéale » à un ensemble de contraintes (d'où « la matrice des contraintes »).. D'autre part, l'analyse de trois comportements distincts de pays en développement permet de montrer le degré de compatibilité de leurs politiques sectorielles avec cette stratégie globale, ce qui met en relief l'importance du pouvoir de négociation comme déterminant de la division de travail entre les deux acteurs.