Campylobacter coli and jejuni in the chicken in Morocco

Le tube digestif des animaux de boucherie et de la volaille constitue un réservoir majeur des Campylobacter qui représentent l’une des principales causes de maladies diarrhéiques au niveau mondial. La présente  étude a consisté en une analyse de 102 souches de Campylobacter jejuni (CJ) isolées des fientes fraiches de poulet de chair au niveau du marché du gros de Casablanca,  et de 75 souches de Campylobacter coli (CC) isolées à partir de prélèvements cloacaux de poulet de chair des fermes avicoles dans la région de Marrakech – Safi. La prévalence notifiée de Campylobacter spp. des deux études réalisées au marché de gros de Casablanca et dans les élevages de poulet de chair à Marrakech -Safi est respectivement: 73% (102/140) et 71,4% (75/105). Les résultats des tests de sensibilité aux antibiotiques de CJ et CC respectivement sont: 85% - 100% à l’ampicilline, 61,4% - 65% à l’acide clavulanique, 100% - 86% à la tétracycline, 77% à la ciprofloxacine, 12% - 9% à la gentamycine et 97% - 100% à l’érythromycine. L’objectif de cet article est de présenter une synthèse des connaissances sur la résistance de Campylobacter dans la filière poulet à travers les souches isolées provenant du marché de gros à Casablanca et des fermes de poulet de chair dans la région de Marrakech-Safi. Mots clés: Campylobacter, résistance aux antibiotiques, poulet de chair, MarocThe digestive tract of birds and animals represents a major reservoir of Campylobacter species which are among the main causes of diarrheal diseases worldwide. The present study consisted in analyzing 102 strains of Campylobacter jejuni (CJ) isolated from fresh broiler chicken droppings in the wholesale market of Casablanca, and from 75 strains of Campylobacter coli (CC) isolated from broiler chicken cloacal samples in the area of Marrakech – Safi. The reported prevalences of Campylobacter spp. in the studies carried out at the wholesale market of Casablanca and in the broiler chicken farms of the area of Marrakech -Safi were: 73% (102/140) and 71.4% (75/105) respectively. Results of antibiotic sensitivity tests of CJ et CC were: 85% - 100% to ampicillin, 61,4% - 65% to clavulanic acid, 100%-86% to tetracycline, 77% to ciprofloxacin, 12%-9% to gentamycin and  97% - 100% to erythromycin. The aim of the present study was to present a knowledge synthesis of antibiotic resistance of Campylobacter spp. in the broiler meat sector through the strains isolated obtained from the wholesale market of Casablanca along with the broiler farms in the area of Marrakech-Safi

Occurrence and antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter jejuni isolates from poultry in Casablanca-Settat, Morocco

Campylobacteriosis and Campylobacter spp. resistance to antibiotics represents a serious worldwide public health problem thermophilic Campylobacters, in particular, are major causes of gastroenteritis in humans. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter jejuni isolated from chicken droppings, of commercial poultry in the city of Casablanca, Morocco. Between February and September 2017, 140 samples of chicken droppings were collected and analyzed by classical bacteriology methods for isolation and identification according to Moroccan Standard NM ISO/TS 10272-3 (2013), followed by molecular identification (PCR: polymerase chain reaction). Among the 140 samples, 102 (73%) were positive by Campylobacter spp. tests and 38 (27.14 %) were negative to Campylobacter spp. Among the positive colonies, 41 (40, 2%) were C. jejuni. Of the 41 C. jejuni isolates, resistance was detected to tetracycline (100%), erythromycin (97%), ampicillin (85%), ciprofloxacin (77%), amoxicillin/ clavulanic acid (61.4%), and gentamicin (12.0%). In conclusion, the data obtained in the current study demonstrate that the majority of C. jejuni isolates evaluated were resistant to antimicrobials of the cycline, macrolide, and fluoroquinolone families, and all of the isolates were susceptible to gentamicin. Fluoroquinolone is the drug of choice for treating Campylobacter infections. These results underline the need for prudent use of antibiotics in poultry production to minimize the spread of antibioticresistant Campylobacter spp.</jats:p

Prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Campylobacter coli isolated from broiler farms in the Marrakesh Safi region, Morocco

Background and Aim: Campylobacteriosis is a common foodborne disease epidemiologically linked to the consumption of poultry products. However, other sources, such as raw or contaminated milk, contaminated water or ice, contact with infected livestock, and pets, are reported. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and resistance to microbial resistance of Campylobacter coliM in broiler farms in the region of Marrakesh Safi, Morocco. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted between May and December 2017 and involved 35 broiler farms. One hundred and five cloacal swabs were collected from the eight provinces in the region of Marrakesh Safi, Morocco. Bacteriology method NM ISO/TS 10272-3: 2013 was used to isolate and identify Campylobacter spp. Molecular identification (polymerase chain reaction) was used for confirmation. A disk diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton agar was used for susceptibility testing. Five antibiotic agents, including first-line drugs, were evaluated. Results: Among 105 samples, 71.4% (75/105) were positive for Campylobacter spp. test and 56% (42/75) of isolates belonged to the species coli. Susceptibility profiles showed that 95.2% of C. coli strains were resistant to ampicillin, 92.8% to erythromycin and tetracycline, 85.7% to ciprofloxacin, and 7.1% to gentamicin. Conclusion: This study underlines the need to strengthen implementation of specific control procedures to decrease contamination of poultry meat with Campylobacter spp. and to reduce the use of antibiotics in the poultry sector

Prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Campylobacter coli isolated from broiler farms in the Marrakesh Safi region, Morocco

Background and Aim: Campylobacteriosis is a common foodborne disease epidemiologically linked to the consumption of poultry products. However, other sources, such as raw or contaminated milk, contaminated water or ice, contact with infected livestock, and pets, are reported. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and resistance to microbial resistance of Campylobacter coliM in broiler farms in the region of Marrakesh Safi, Morocco. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted between May and December 2017 and involved 35 broiler farms. One hundred and five cloacal swabs were collected from the eight provinces in the region of Marrakesh Safi, Morocco. Bacteriology method NM ISO/TS 10272-3: 2013 was used to isolate and identify Campylobacter spp. Molecular identification (polymerase chain reaction) was used for confirmation. A disk diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton agar was used for susceptibility testing. Five antibiotic agents, including first-line drugs, were evaluated. Results: Among 105 samples, 71.4% (75/105) were positive for Campylobacter spp. test and 56% (42/75) of isolates belonged to the species coli. Susceptibility profiles showed that 95.2% of C. coli strains were resistant to ampicillin, 92.8% to erythromycin and tetracycline, 85.7% to ciprofloxacin, and 7.1% to gentamicin. Conclusion: This study underlines the need to strengthen implementation of specific control procedures to decrease contamination of poultry meat with Campylobacter spp. and to reduce the use of antibiotics in the poultry sector.</jats:p

Prevalence, serotype distribution, and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella isolated from food products in Morocco

Introduction: Salmonellosis is one of the most common foodborne diseases worldwide. The irrational use of antibiotics in medicine and in animal feed has greatly promoted the emergence and spread of resistant strains of non-typhoidal Salmonella. Methodology: A total of 464 food products were collected in Tetouan from January 2010 to December 2012. The isolation and identification of Salmonella were performed according to Moroccan standard 08.0.116. All isolates were serotyped and were then tested for antibiotic resistance using the disk diffusion method. Results: The microbiological analysis showed that 10.3% of food samples were contaminated with Salmonella. Eleven serotypes were identified: Kentucky 22.9% (11/48), Agona 16.7% (8/48), Reading 12.5% (6/48), Corvallis 8.3% (4/48), Saintpaul 8.3% (4/48), Typhimurium 6.2% (3/48), Montevideo 6.2% (3/48), Enteritidis 4.2% (2/48), and 2% (1/48) for each of Israel, Hadar, and Branderup. Drug susceptibility testing showed that 39.6% of Salmonella were resistant to at least one antibiotic and 60.4% were susceptible to all tested antibiotics. The highest percentage of resistance was found to the following antimicrobial agents: nalidixic acid (27.1%), sulfonamides (25%), amoxicillin (12.5%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 12.5%, trimethoprim (10.4%), cephalothin (4.2%), and chloramphenicol (2.1%). Conclusions: This study revealed a relatively high prevalence of Salmonella in food products in Tetouan and a large percentage of drug-resistant strains. Hygienic measures should be rigorously implemented, and monitoring resistance of Salmonella is required to reduce the risks related to the emergence of multi-resistant bacteria.</jats:p