9 research outputs found
A review exploring the overarching burden of Zika virus with emphasis on epidemiological case studies from Brazil
This paper explores the main factors for mosquito-borne transmission of the Zika virus by focusing on environmental, anthropogenic, and social risks. A literature review was conducted bringing together related information from this genre of research from peer-reviewed publications. It was observed that environmental conditions, especially precipitation, humidity, and temperature, played a role in the transmission. Furthermore, anthropogenic factors including sanitation, urbanization, and environmental pollution promote the transmission by affecting the mosquito density. In addition, socioeconomic factors such as poverty as well as social inequality and low-quality housing have also an impact since these are social factors that limit access to certain facilities or infrastructure which, in turn, promote transmission when absent (e.g., piped water and screened windows). Finally, the paper presents short-, mid-, and long-term preventative solutions together with future perspectives. This is the first review exploring the effects of anthropogenic aspects on Zika transmission with a special emphasis in Brazil
Spatiotemporal forecasting for dengue, chikungunya fever and Zika using machine learning and artificial expert committees based on meta-heuristics
Purpose: Dengue is considered one of the biggest public health problems in recent decades. Climate and demographic changes, the disorderly growth of cities and international trade have brought new arboviruses such as chikungunya and Zika. Control of arboviruses depends on control of the vector: the Aedes aegypti mosquito. Objective: In this work, we propose a methodology for building disease predictors capable of predicting infected cases and locations based on machine learning. We also propose an artificial experts committee based on meta-heuristic methods to detect the most relevant risk factors. Method As a case study, we applied the methodology to forecast dengue, chikungunya and Zika, with data from the City of Recife, Brazil, from 2013 to 2016. We used arboviruses cases data and climatic and environmental information: wind speeds, temperatures and precipitation. Results The best prediction results were obtained with 10-tree Random Forest regression, with Pearson’s correlation above 0.99 and RMSE (%) below 6%. Additionally, the artificial experts committee was able to present the most relevant factors for predicting cases in each two-month period. Conclusion: The spatiotemporal prediction results showed the evolution of arboviruses, pointing out as major focuses on both regions richer in urban green areas and low-income neighborhood with irregular water supply. Determining the most relevant factors for prediction, as well as the spatial distribution of cases, can be useful for the planning and execution of public policies aimed at improving the health infrastructure and planning and controlling the vector