Escala de Atitudes em relação à Estatística: Estudo de validação.

O objetivo do estudo foi estimar a confiabilidade e a validade da Escala de atitudes em relação à Estatística (EAE). A amostra, composta por 355 alunos do curso de Ciências Farmacêuticas, foi subdividida em 2 partes iguais: a primeira foi utilizada para explorar a estrutura fatorial da EAE e a segunda para confirmá-la. A Escala foi aplicada a 40 alunos em dois momentos distintos para verificar sua reprodutibilidade. Aplicou-se o Teste de esfericidade de Bartlett e o índice Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO). A extração dos fatores foi realizada pela Análise de Componentes Principais. Realizou-se rotação ortogonal Varimax. Foram calculados o Coeficiente alfa de Cronbach e o Coeficiente de Correlação Intraclasse. Para verificar o grau com que as dimensões satisfazem a estrutura esperada realizou-se análise fatorial confirmatória. O teste de esfericidade de Bartlett e o índice KMO foram excelentes (χ2= 2057,973, p=0,000; KMO=0,929). A maior parte dos itens apresentou fração de variância explicada pelos fatores comuns superiores a 0,50. Na distribuição dos itens verificou-se dois fatores com autovalores acima de 1 (λ=9,099; λ =2,789) explicando 59,44% da variância total. A questão 2 saturou-se em mais que um fator. Observou-se excelente consistência interna e reprodutibilidade da EAE. Todos os itens da escala apresentaram pesos fatoriais (λ ≥0,5) e de confiabilidade individuais adequados (R2≥0,25) e o modelo fatorial apresentou índices de qualidade de ajustamento bons (χ2/df=1,909, CFI=0,923, GFI=0,837, RMSEA: 0,075) com adequada validade convergente (VEMj≥0,5; CCj≥0,7) e discriminante (VMEi e VMEj≥ρij2). A Escala de atitudes em relação à Estatística apresenta estrutura bidimensional com níveis de validade e confiabilidade adequados

Atitudes em relação à bioestatística de discentes e docentes da Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Araraquara-UNESP

O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a atitude de discentes e docentes da Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Araraquara (UNESP) em relação à Bioestatística. Como instrumento de medida, utilizou-se a Escala de Atitudes em Relação à Estatística (EAE). A reprodutibilidade da Escala foi estimada pela estatística Kappa (k) com ponderação linear e sua consistência interna pelo Coeficiente alfa-Cronbach (α). Os indivíduos foram agrupados segundo sua atitude em relação à Estatística em positiva e negativa; posteriormente, estudou-se sua associação com as variáveis de interesse pelo teste de qui-quadrado (χ2) ao nível de significância de 5%. A amostra foi composta por 272 alunos de graduação, 83 de pós-graduação e 24 docentes, sendo predominantemente feminina (78,2%). Entre os estudantes, 67,5% participaram do programa de iniciação científica. A reprodutibilidade e a consistência interna da Escala foram adequadas (κ=0,7093; α=0,9334). A maior parte da amostra (74,4%) apresentou atitude positiva frente à Estatística. Houve associação entre a atitude e a atividade funcional (p=0,0204), série cursada (p=0,0316) e desempenho (p=0,0002). Assim, conclui-se que a maioria dos participantes apresentou atitude positiva em relação à Bioestatística, sendo que os estudantes de graduação e aqueles que relataram bom desempenho em Bioestatística apresentaram proporção significativamente maior de atitude positiva em relação aos demais

Psychometric properties of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument-Abbreviated version in Portuguese-speaking adults from three different countries

To evaluate the validity, reliability and invariance of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument-Abbreviated version (WHOQOL-Bref) in Portuguese-speaking adults from three different countries.Objetivo: Avaliar a validade, a confiabilidade e a invariância do World Health Organization Quality of Life instrument-Abbreviated version (WHOQOL-Bref) em adultos de três diferentes países de língua portuguesa. Métodos: Um total de 4.020 indivíduos brasileiros, portugueses e moçambicanos participaram do estudo. A amostra total foi dividida em quatro amostras: pacientes brasileiros (n = 1.120), estudantes brasileiros (n = 1.398), estudantes portugueses (n = 1.165) e estudantes moçambicanos (n = 337). A validade fatorial do WHOQOL-Bref foi avaliada por meio de análise fatorial confirmatória. As validades convergente e discriminante do instrumento foram avaliadas utilizando a variância média extraída (VEM) e o quadrado do coeficiente de correlação de Pearson (r2), respectivamente. A confiabilidade composta e o coeficiente alfa ordinal foram utilizados como medidas de confiabilidade. As invariâncias métrica, escalar e estrita do WHOQOL-Bref foram avaliadas por análise multi-grupos em subamostras independentes (dentro de cada amostra) e somente entre Brasil e Portugal (transnacional), porque o modelo configuracional de Moçambique era diferente. Resultados: O modelo original do WHOQOL-Bref não apresentou bom ajustamento para as amostras. Diferentes itens foram excluídos para ajustar o instrumento em cada amostra (modelos diferentes para o WHOQOL-Bref entre amostras brasileiras, portuguesas e moçambicanas). A VEM e o r2 não foram adequados; entretanto, a confiabilidade do WHOQOL-Bref foi boa, exceto na amostra moçambicana. A invariância foi encontrada apenas em subamostras independentes. Conclusão: Os modelos ajustados do WHOQOL-Bref apresentaram adequada validade fatorial e invariância em subamostras independentes. A não invariância transnacional do WHOQOL-Bref revela a influência da cultura na operacionalização do construto qualidade de vida.FAPESP; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPqinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Burnout em dentistas do serviço público: Ter ou não ter, eis a questão!

Objetivo: estimar a prevalência da Síndrome de Burnout em dentistas do serviço público do município de Araraquara - SP e sua associação com variáveis de interesse. Material e método: A amostra foi constituída por profissionais atuantes na rede pública (n = 60). Foram levantadas informações sociodemográficas. Utilizou-se o Inventário de Burnout de Oldenburg (OLBI). Resultado: Dos participantes, 60,0% eram do gênero feminino e a média de idade era 41,9 ± 7,6 anos. Grande parte dos profissionais apresentou percepção regular das condições de trabalho, instalações, materiais e equipamentos. Dos indivíduos, 63,3% sentem-se cansados antes mesmo de chegar ao trabalho; 58,3% precisam de mais tempo para relaxar e sentir-se melhor; 70,0% não conseguem suportar bem as pressões do trabalho; 50,0% não se sentem com energia durante ou após o trabalho, e 86,7% não consideram o trabalho um desafio positivo. Dos profissionais, 48,3% apresentaram a Síndrome de Burnout, 11,7% Distanciamento e 13,3% Exaustão. Conclusão: Verificou-se que a prevalência da Síndrome de Burnout entre os dentistas é alta. Há associação significativa entre Burnout e gênero (p = 0,020) e instalações de trabalho (p = 0,011), sendo mais acometidos os homens e aqueles que consideram as instalações de trabalho ruins. ------ ABSTRACT ------- Objective: the objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of Burnout Syndrome in dentists in the public service in the city of Araraquara – SP and its association with the variables of interest. Material and method: The sample was made up of the dentists active in the public health network (n = 60). Socio-demographic data was collected. The Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI) was used. Result: Of the participants, 60.0% were female and the average age was 41.9 ± 7.6 years. A large number of the professionals displayed a normal perception of the work conditions, premises, materials and equipment. 63.3% of the individuals feel tired even before arriving for work, 58.3% need more time to relax and to feel better, 70.0% are unable to deal well with the pressures of work, 50.0% feel they have no energy during or after work and 86.7% do not consider the work to be a positive challenge. It was observed that 48.3% of dentists displayed Burnout Syndrome, 11.7% Detachment and 13.3% Exhaustion. There was a significant association between the presence of Burnout and gender (p = 0.020) and the work premises (p = 0.011), with men being the most affected and those that considered the work premises very poor. Conclusion: It was concluded that the prevalence of Burnout Syndrome among dentists is high, with men and those who consider the work premises bad being the most affected

Pain catastrophizing: rumination is a discriminating factor among individuals with different pain characteristic

The objective of this study was to compare the scores of the Helplessness, Magnification, Rumination, and Catastrophizing factors of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) between samples with different pain characteristics. The psychometric properties of the PCS were evaluated in 1,151 Brazilian adults (78.9% female; 38.6 (SD = 10.8) years): 335 had no pain, 390 had been in pain for less than 3 months, 250 had been in recurring pain for more than 3 months, and 176 had been in continuous pain for more than 3 months. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to verify the fit of the PCS models. Convergent validity and reliability were evaluated. Multi-group analysis was used to estimate the invariance of the factorial model. The global score for the PCS factors was obtained using the regression weight matrix for estimating factor scores from CFA. Analysis of variance was used to compare scores between samples. After excluding three items, the tri-factorial model showed adequate fit. The model parameters were invariant (Δχ2(λ,i,β,Res); p≥0.05). Individuals experiencing pain showed higher scores for catastrophic thoughts. Individuals with pain for less than 3 months had the highest scores for Rumination (p < 0.001). The PCS showed valid, reliable, and invariant results for the sample of Brazilian adults in no pain or with different pain conditions. The PCS adequately discriminated individuals in pain from those without pain. Among those in pain, Rumination was the only discriminating factor.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Reliability and validity of self-reported burnout in college students: A cross randomized comparison of paper-and-pencil vs. online administration

Internet data collection is becoming increasingly popular in all research fields dealing with human perceptions, behaviors and opinions. Advantages of internet data collection, when compared to the traditional paper-and-pencil format, include reduced costs, automatic database creation, and the absence of researcher-related bias effects, such as availability and complete anonymity. However, the validity and reliability of internet gathered data must be established, in comparison to the usual paper-and-pencil accepted formats, before an inferential analysis can be done. In this study, we compared questionnaire data gathered from the internet with that from the traditional paper-and-pencil in a sample of college students. The questionnaires used were the Maslach Burnout Inventory – Student Survey (MBI-SS), the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OBI-SS) and the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI-SS). Data was gathered through a within-subject cross randomized and counterbalanced design, on both internet and paper-and-pencil formats. The results showed no interference in the application order, and a good reliability for both formats. However, concordance between answers was generally higher in the paperand- pencil format than on the internet. The factorial structure was invariant in the three burnout inventories. Data gathered in this study supports the Internet as a convenient, user-friendly, comfortable and secure data gathering method which does not affect the accepted factorial structures existent in the paper format of the three burnout inventories used

Cross-cultural validation of the brazilian portuguese version of the pain vigilance and awareness questionnaire

Aims: To cross-culturally adapt the Pain Vigilance and Awareness Questionnaire (PVAQ) to the Brazilian Portuguese language, to evaluate its psychometric properties when applied to Brazilian pain-free adults and to adults with different pain profiles, and to compare the PVAQ factor scores of different groups using a new method for calculating the overall scores for vigilance, attention to pain, and awareness of changes in pain. Methods: A total of 1,143 adults (79% women; mean ± standard deviation [SD] age of 38.56 ± 10.73 years) participated. Face validity and content validity of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the PVAQ were tested. The fit of four PVAQ models was evaluated with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and the invariance of the model with the best fit was estimated across two independent samples (test sample: n = 732; validity sample: n = 411). The overall scores of the factors pain vigilance, attention to pain, and awareness of changes in pain were calculated by using the regression weight matrix obtained in the CFA. The overall scores between the four pain groups (no pain, n = 334; pain 0.45; composite reliability and Cronbach’s alpha > 0.85) and presented strong invariance in independent samples. Individuals with pain presented higher scores on PVAQ factors, and the highest scores were found among individuals with continuous pain. Conclusion: The Brazilian Portuguese version of the PVAQ was found to be adequate and reliable when applied to the sample. The methodologic considerations presented could improve research on pain vigilance and help clinicians assess PVAQ factors among patients.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

General oral health assessment index: A new evaluation proposal

Objectives: To validity the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) among adults who sought dental care and to present a new proposal for calculating scores on self-perception of oral health. Background: There is no study that presents a GOHAI scores using weight of the items. Materials and Methods: The one-factor model, the three-factor model (physical function, psychosocial/psychological function and pain/discomfort) and the second-order hierarchical model (SOHM) were evaluated from confirmatory factor analysis (λ, χ2/df, CFI,GFI and RMSEA). The reliability (CR,α) was estimated. Concurrent validity was assessed using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). The invariance of the models was estimated in independent samples. The calculation of an overall score using the factor scores was proposed to obtain the overall weighted scores. These overall weighted scores were compared to the scores estimated as the simple arithmetic mean (overall unweighted scores) using a repeated measures analysis of variance. Results: A total of 1000 individuals participated (74.1% female; age: 40.7 (SD=14.3) years). Three items of the GOHAI were excluded (λ<0.40). The one-factor model (λ=0.40-0.77; χ2/df=6.291; CFI=0.947; GFI=0.960; RMSEA=0.073) and the three-factor model (λ=0.40-0.78; χ2/df=8.321; CFI=0.932; GFI=0.954; RMSEA=0.086) each presented an adequate fit. Reliability was adequate (one-factor: CR=0.83/ α=0.83; three-factor: CR=0.53-0.76/ α=0.53-0.73), with the exception of the pain/discomfort factor. The GOHAI was invariant in independent samples, and the concurrent validity was adequate. The overall unweighted scores overestimated self-perceptions of oral health when compared with the weighted scores. Conclusion: Both the one-factor and three-factor models of the GOHAI were found to be valid, reliable and invariant for the sample after the exclusion of three items. The use of overall weighted scores is recommended for calculating the score of self-perception of oral health.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Brief Pain Inventory: A proposal to extend its clinical application

Background: This study presents an adaptation of the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) extending its use in clinical/epidemiological contexts and the evaluation of the properties of BPI (short form) in a sample of Brazilian adults. Methods: Part of item 1 of this instrument was removed because it prevented the participation of individuals with usual pain. In addition to the reference period of original response “last 24 hours”, a new period “last pain experience” was proposed. Individuals responded about the presence/lack and onset of pain. Individuals who reported pain in the last 24 hours before the interview answered the BPI considering both reference periods. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to check the fit of five theoretical BPI models. Results: A total of 1,176 adults participated (79.0% women; 38.7 (SD=10.8) years), 29.2% did not report pain in the last 24hs, 33.6% reported pain <3 months, and 37.2% pain ≥3 months. All theoretical BPI models presented adequate fit indices (GFI0.9; RMSEA<0.1; 0.7) when both reference periods were used. In conclusion, the adaptations proposed can contribute to extend the use of BPI. Conclusions: The reference period of responses and the theoretical model used must be chosen according to the needs of the researcher and/or physician. Significance: This study presents evidence related to the validity of applying the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) in adults with and without pain considering the present pain or memory of pain, enabling the clinician to collect additional information that may be relevant to the clinical management of pain.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio