Allometry of reproduction of Podocnemis expansa in Southern Amazon basin

Podocnemis expansa (giant Amazon freshwater turtle) is the biggest freshwater turtle of South America. Like in other reptiles, the nest of P. expansa is a hole in the sand deep enough to avoid predators and extremes of temperature and humidity. However, nesting habitat selection in reptiles has effects on incubation success and on hatchlings. Female body-size is also related to the size and shape (i.e., form) of the nest, which might in theory be related to the female reproductive success. In this study we established allometric relationships between female body size and nest form. Fieldwork was carried out in nesting beaches of Araguaia and Crixás-Açu Rivers in Southern Amazon basin, Brazil, from September to December 2000. As a result, we can establish that nest form does not affect reproductive success in the species, but female body length is positively related to egg mass and clutch size. © 2006 Brill Academic Publishers.Fil: Bonach, K.. Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Répteis e Anfíbios; BrasilFil: Piña, Carlos Ignacio. Provincia de Entre Ríos. Centro de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia de Tecnología a la Producción. Universidad Autónoma de Entre Ríos. Centro de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia de Tecnología a la Producción. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Centro de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia de Tecnología a la Producción; Argentina. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Verdade, Luciano Martins. Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Répteis e Anfíbios; Brasi

I'll never forgive you: High conflict divorce, social network, and co-parenting conflicts

Contains fulltext : 177372.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)The relation between divorce, co-parenting conflicts, and children's adjustment problems has been well established. An unresolved question for research and clinical interventions, however, is how conflicts between parents are maintained and/or escalate. This cross-sectional research tested the hypothesis that co-parenting conflicts in divorced couples are associated with perceived social network disapproval and that this relation is mediated by parents' tendency to forgive each other. In Study 1, a convenience sample of 136 divorced parents recruited via online forums, we showed that perceived social network disapproval was indeed positively related to co-parenting conflicts and that parents'tendency to forgive the other parent - albeit partly - explained this relationship. Strength of 0our research is that in Study 2, 110 parents referred to children's mental health care because the wellbeing of the children was severely compromised by the severity of the conflicts between parents, we replicated these results. In both studies perceived social network disapproval and co-parenting conflicts were positively related and this link was mediated by forgiveness: perceived social network disapproval was negatively related to forgiveness, which in turn was negatively related to more parental conflicts.12 p