Kombinirani učinci smjenskog rada i faktora okoline (vrućina, buka, toksični agensi)

The paper deals with the results of studies or discussions concerning the problem of nightwork combined with other adverse working conditions. Special emphasis is laid on the untoward effect of high temperature during nightwork, as well as on noise and exposure to chemicals. It is shown that there is no substantial influence of heat stress on the circadian rhythm of adrenaline excretion under sitting working conditions with the subject performing a difficult mental task at warm climates up to 30 °C BET. Shiftwork and noise induce independent different effects which can be explained in terms of activation for shiftwork and in terms of tension for noise. The combination of both adverse exposures is therefore partly subtractive but partly additive as night work and noise negatively affect daysleep. Practical experience in the field of combined effects of shiftwork and chemical agents is lacking, but theoretical speculations lead to the conclusion that there may exist a time of day dependence of some chemicals, used at workplaces.U radu su prikazani rezultati istraživanja i iznesena je teorijska rasprava o problemu smjenskog rada povezanim s drugim nepovoljnim uvjetima rada. Naročito je naglašeno moguće negativno djelovanje visoke temperature za vrijeme smjenskog rada, kao i utjecaj buke i izloženost kemikalijama. Nađeno je da nema značajnog utjecaja toplinskog stresa na dnevni ritam izlučivanja adrenalina pri sjedećem teškom mentalnom radu sve dok temperatura ne pređe 30 ° BET. Smjenski rad i buka imaju neovisno djelovanje koje se može razjasniti aktivnošću u smjenskom radu i napetošću uzrokovanom bukom. Stoga je djelovanje ovih dvaju negativnih utjecaja djelomično suprotno, a djelomično aditivna, budući da noćni rad i buka negativno utiču na san slijedećeg dana. Nedostaju iskustva o kombiniranom djelovanju smjenskog rada i kemijskih spojeva u radnoj okolini, no teorijske pretpostavke dovode do zaključka da bi mogle postojati razlike u toksičnosti pojedinih kemikalija s obzirom na doba dana

Multiple-crystal X-ray topographic characterization of periodically domain-inverted KTiOPO4 crystal

A periodically domain-inverted KTiOPO4 crystal has been characterized for the first time by multiple-crystal multiple-reflection x-ray topography. The striation contrast within the domain- inverted regions has been revealed in high strain-sensitivity reflection topographs. The origin of formation of the striation contrast and the mechanism of domain inversion in KTiOPO4 are discussed in terms of the structural characteristics of KTiOPO4

Ceramic/metal nanocomposites by lyophilization: Processing and HRTEM study

5 páginas, 8 figuras, 1 tabla.-- El pdf del artículo es el manuscrito de autor.This work describes a wet-processing route based on spray-freezing and subsequent lyophilization designed to obtain nanostructured ceramic/metal powders. Starting from the ceramic powder and the corresponding metal salt, a water-based suspension is sprayed on liquid nitrogen. The frozen powders are subsequently freeze-dried, calcined and reduced. The material was analyzed using X-ray diffraction analysis at all stages. High resolution transmission electron microscopy studies showed a uniform distribution of metal nanoparticles on the ceramic grain surfaces, good interfaces and high crystallinity, with an average metal particle size in the nanometric range.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN) under the project MAT2009-14542-C02 and the Government of the Principality of Asturias through PCTI and ERDF (European Regional Development Fund) 2007-2013 under project PC10-65. C.F. Gutierrez- Gonzalez acknowledges CSIC and ESF for the concession of a JAE-Doc 2009 grant. S. Agouram thanks the Spanish Ministry of Science and European Social Fund for financial support.Peer reviewe

Enabling the classroom and the curriculum: higher education, literary studies and disability

In this article the tripartite model of disability is applied to the lived experience of twenty-first-century higher education. The tripartite model facilitates a complex understanding of disability that recognises assumptions and discrimination but not at the cost of valued identity. This being so, not only the normative positivisms and non-normative negativisms but also the non-normative positivisms of the classroom and the curriculum are explored. Inclusion is taken as the starting point and the argument progresses to a profound and innovational appreciation of disability. The problem addressed is that inclusion, as shown in The Biopolitics of Disability, constitutes little more than inclusion-ism until disability is recognised in the context of alternative lives and values that neither enforce nor reify normalcy. Informed by this understanding, the article adopts the disciplinary example of literary studies and refers to Brian Friel’s Molly Sweeney as a primary text. The conclusion is that, despite passive and active resistance, disability enters higher education in many ways, most of which are beneficial to students and educators alike