Design and technological scheme of a multifunctional seeding unit

Currently, the vast majority of agricultural producers in the Southern Federal District with a total area of arable land up to 50-70 hectares cultivate three main crops, namely grain ears, usually winter wheat, and row crops – corn for grain and sunflower. Grain ear crops are sown in the usual ordinary way, and row crops use the dotted method. These key agrotechnological features lead to the need to use different sowing machines equipped with different types of sowing units. Since the vast majority of agricultural producers of the Southern Federal district with a total area of arable land up to 50-70 hectares do not use monoculture in the structure of crops, this leads to a low annual load of these seeders. This is through deductions for depreciation, maintenance service and repairs inevitably affect the final cost of production. It should also be noted that often, due to the high cost of sowing machines, small agricultural producers are not able to purchase the required agricultural machinery, in addition, this is most often not economically feasible. The use of hired units does not allow sowing in the specified agrotechnical terms, which significantly reduces their productivity and quality parameters. The use of specialized seeders leads to an increase in metal consumption and multi-marking on the farm. This problem can be solved by using a multifunctional seeding machine (MSU). This will make it possible to abandon the use of specialized seeders and perform sowing of grain and row crops with the same machine by carrying out conversion for a specific crop. We have de-scribed the design scheme of the MSU and the principle of its operation. The technical result of the development is also presented and the way to achieve is described

The results of the study of the qualitative parameters of the multifunctional seeding machine

The article presents a constructive scheme of a multifunctional seeding apparatus and substantiates the relevance of its use for agricultural producers of the Southern Federal district with a total area of arable land up to 50-70 hectares. This multifunctional seeding machine allows sowing in various ways for each crop. To assess the qualitative performance of the multifunctional seeding machine in Kuban State University named after I. T. Trubilin, a private methodology and experimental setup were developed at the PriMa department. A mathematical model of the frequency of a single seed supply by a multifunctional seeding machine for sowing corn and wheat has been developed. The parameters for the rational mode of operation of the multifunctional sowing machine for sowing wheat and corn have been determined: the rotation frequency of the disk n, the pressure in the seed chamber P and the frequency of a single seed supply is M for sowing wheat and corn. It was found that the frequency of a single seed supply during wheat sowing is more influenced by the value of excess pressure in the seed chamber. The frequency of a single seed supply during corn sowing is greatly influenced by the value of excess pressure in the seed chamber

Investigation of the kinematics of seed movement in the centrifugal distributor of a pneumatic seeder

Theoretical studies of the seed movement in the centrifugal seed distributor of a pneumgivenatic grain seeder have been performed. There were obtained the equations describing the process of seed movement in a centrifugal seed distributor which allow determining the optimal parameters of the pneumatic system of the seeder. The relationship between the operating and design parameters of the centrifugal distributor is given

Analytical study of uneven distribution of seeds by a centrifugal distributor

The operating and geometric parameters of the seed movement in the centrifugal distributor of pneumatic grain seeders were studied on the basis of the equation of seed movement. The methodology of evaluation of the non-uniform distribution of seeds between the seed tubes is shown. The parameters of the centrifugal distributor that ensure minimal unevenness are determined

Design scheme and operating principle of a centrifugal seed distributor of a pneumatic grain seeder

The disadvantages of existing distribution systems of pneumatic grain seeders are presented. A design scheme of a centrifugal seed distributor is proposed and the principle of its operation, the causes of uneven distribution, and the history of the development of grain seeders, in which the principle of central seed dosing is implemented, are described. The analysis of designs of pneumatic grain seeders is carried out, the types of their dosing and distribution systems are revealed

The thrashed mass kinematic parameters establishment in the roller thrashing unit clearance

Planetary mechanisms are used to create the working movement of operating bodies of metallurgical and mining machines. Rolling working bodies, for the drive of which the planetary mechanisms are used are increasingly used in the designs of harvesters. The processes taking place in the differential threshing devices of harvesters are poorly studied due to the lack of information about the properties of the material in the case of rapidly changing stresses in them. The present work is a result of the analysis of theoretical and experimental researches in threshing. We described the technological scheme of the shock–vibration threshing device and the principle of its operation. There were studied the possible options of the placement of rollers and a concave. The relationship between the angular velocities of a roll, rollers and a concave was found out. The installation of three–sided rollers on the threshing device according to the scheme proposed by us makes it possible to shake the whole threshed rice mass from 75 to 110 times per second

Substantiation of the technological scheme of pneumatic grain seeder of subsurface dense sowing

The article describes the shortcomings of existing structures and units of pneumatic grain seeders. There was analyzed the technological process of distribution of seed material in distribution systems. There were described the various options of developed designs of dosing and distributive systems allowing to increase the sowing machines efficiency. To improve the efficiency of sowing machines, it is proposed to establish a distribution of seeds with a downward flow, which will increase the uniformity of seed supply to coulters and, consequently, increase the uniformity of their distribution over the field surface

Analysis of Designs of Distribution Systems of Grain Pneumatic Seeders

The design of distribution systems of modern pneumatic grain seeders is considered. Classifications of central metering systems and distribution systems have been compiled. The advantages and disadvantages of distribution systems of different designs are described

The results of the study of uneven seed dispersion by the centrifugal distribution system of a pneumatic grain seeder

There were determined the parameters and operating modes of the centrifugal dispersion system of a grain pneumatic seeder, which ensured the minimum unevenness of the seed dispersion between the seed lines

Interaction of rotary working body of roller type with the object of processing

There was presented the constructive-technological scheme of leaf-separating apparatus for harvesting tobacco leaves in the article. There was conducted the theoretical analysis of the process of tobacco leaf separation from a stalk. There were obtained the dependencies characterizing the trajectory and speed of arbitrary point of the cutting edge of a small drum