Digital Supply Chain Management in the Tourism and Hospitality Industry: Trends and Prospects

Abstract— The article discusses the basics of the digital supply chain management, its characteristic features and scope of application are covered. The analysis of a condition of development of digital supply chain management in the world reflecting growth of its share in gross domestic product, and the Russian Federation for which characteristic is the state initiative of advance and development of digital processes, but not business structures is carried out. The role of the Internet of things within digitalization of supply chain management is considered, in this regard the optimistic and conservative forecast of structure of the market of the Internet of things till 2025 is submitted. In work characteristic of information space of the sphere of tourism is given, the digital services and platforms which were widely adopted and succeeded offices of the tourist companies are described. The offered model of the digital platform for the sphere of tourism and hospitality of the Russian Federation «Tourism 4.0» with the description of the principles, characteristic of it, can be provided as a result of a combination of key technological capabilities, namely artificial intelligence, the Internet of things, robotization, voice technologies, a supply chain management. The presented «digital funnel» reflects the place of the tourism and hospitality industry among the participants in the digitalization market. Results of a research allowed to distinguish the factors constraining and keeping development of modern technologies in the industry, to reveal trends and regularities in the short term

An Efficient 2D Protocol for Differentiation of iPSCs into Mature Postmitotic Dopaminergic Neurons: Application for Modeling Parkinson’s Disease

About 15% of patients with parkinsonism have a hereditary form of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Studies on the early stages of PD pathogenesis are challenging due to the lack of relevant models. The most promising ones are models based on dopaminergic neurons (DAns) differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) of patients with hereditary forms of PD. This work describes a highly efficient 2D protocol for obtaining DAns from iPSCs. The protocol is rather simple, comparable in efficiency with previously published protocols, and does not require viral vectors. The resulting neurons have a similar transcriptome profile to previously published data for neurons, and have a high level of maturity marker expression. The proportion of sensitive (SOX6+) DAns in the population calculated from the level of gene expression is higher than resistant (CALB+) DAns. Electrophysiological studies of the DAns confirmed their voltage sensitivity and showed that a mutation in the PARK8 gene is associated with enhanced store-operated calcium entry. The study of high-purity DAns differentiated from the iPSCs of patients with hereditary PD using this differentiation protocol will allow for investigators to combine various research methods, from patch clamp to omics technologies, and maximize information about cell function in normal and pathological conditions