Learning 3D Human Pose from Structure and Motion

3D human pose estimation from a single image is a challenging problem, especially for in-the-wild settings due to the lack of 3D annotated data. We propose two anatomically inspired loss functions and use them with a weakly-supervised learning framework to jointly learn from large-scale in-the-wild 2D and indoor/synthetic 3D data. We also present a simple temporal network that exploits temporal and structural cues present in predicted pose sequences to temporally harmonize the pose estimations. We carefully analyze the proposed contributions through loss surface visualizations and sensitivity analysis to facilitate deeper understanding of their working mechanism. Our complete pipeline improves the state-of-the-art by 11.8% and 12% on Human3.6M and MPI-INF-3DHP, respectively, and runs at 30 FPS on a commodity graphics card.Comment: ECCV 2018. Project page: https://www.cse.iitb.ac.in/~rdabral/3DPose

Simulating supervision: how do managers respond to a crisis?

Supervision is fundamental to child and family social work practice, in England as elsewhere, yet there is little research regarding what managers and social workers do when they meet to discuss the families they are working with. Recent years have seen a growing interest in the use of simulated clients and Objective Structured Clinical Exams to help develop and evaluate the abilities of social workers and students. This paper describes a study of 30 simulated supervision sessions between English social work managers and an actor playing the role of a student social worker in need of support. The simulation concerns a referral regarding an incident of domestic abuse. During the simulations, managers typically asked closed questions to obtain more information before providing solutions for the supervisee in the form of advice and direction. There was little evidence of emotional support for the social worker, nor empathy with the family. Managers typically acted as expert problem-solvers. The implications of this are discussed in relation to current theoretical models of supervision for child and family social work and in relation to how Children’s Services responds to domestic abuse

Developing effective practice learning for tomorrow's social workers

This paper considers some of the changes in social work education in the UK, particularly focusing on practice learning in England. The changes and developments are briefly identified and examined in the context of what we know about practice learning. The paper presents some findings from a small scale qualitative study of key stakeholders involved in practice learning and education in social work and their perceptions of these anticipated changes, which are revisited at implementation. The implications for practice learning are discussed

Characterization of \u3ci\u3eNeofabraea actinidiae\u3c/i\u3e and \u3ci\u3eN. brasiliensis\u3c/i\u3e as causal agents of apple bull’s-eye rot in southern Brazil

The causal agents of apple bull’s-eye rot in southern Brazil have recently been described as Neofabraea actinidiae and N. brasiliensis. Isolates of both species were evaluated for response of mycelial growth index (MGI) to different temperatures, enzyme production, mycelial growth inhibition and effective concentrations (EC50 and EC100) of the fungicides triflumizole, pyrimethanil and thiophanate methyl, as well as aggressiveness on fruits of ‘Fuji’ hybrid and ‘Pink Lady’. There was significantly lower mycelium growth in N. brasiliensis compared with N. actinidiae at all temperatures tested. Neither species grew at 3 and 32°C. There were minor differences in production of enzymes in the two species, with all N. brasiliensis isolates showing no production of pectolyase at pH 7. The lowest EC50 and EC100 values were observed with thiophanate methyl. In general, ‘Fuji’ fruits were more susceptible to Neofabraea infection and had larger lesions, while N. brasiliensis isolates showed greater aggressiveness on ‘Fuji’ hybrid and ‘Pink lady’ fruits compared with N. actinidiae. Dans le sud du Brésil, les agents causaux du chancre gloésporien de la pomme ont récemment été décrits comme étant Neofabraea actinidiae et N. brasiliensis. Des isolats des deux espèces ont été évalués en fonction de la réaction de l’indice de croissance mycélienne à différentes températures, de la production enzymatique, de l’inhibition de la croissance mycélienne et des concentrations efficaces (CE50 et CE100) des fongicides triflumizole, pyriméthanil et triophanate méthyle, ainsi qu’en fonction de leur agressivité à l’égard de la pomme hybride Fuji et de la Pink Lady. La croissance mycélienne chez N. brasiliensis était considérablement plus faible que chez N. actinidiae, et ce, à toutes les températures testées. Aucune espèce ne s’est développée à 3 ou à 32°C. Chez les deux espèces, il y a eu de petites différences quant à la production enzymatique, tous les isolats de N. brasiliensis n’affichant aucune production de pectolyase à pH 7. Les plus faibles valeurs de CE50 et de CE100 observées ont été celles du triophanate méthyle. Dans l’ensemble, les Fuji étaient plus sujettes à l’infection causée par Neofabraea et affichaient des lésions plus étendues, tandis que les isolats de N. brasiliensis étaient plus agressifs à l’égard de l’hybride Fuji et de la Pink Lady que ceux de N. actinidiae

Characterization of \u3ci\u3eNeofabraea actinidiae\u3c/i\u3e and \u3ci\u3eN. brasiliensis\u3c/i\u3e as causal agents of apple bull’s-eye rot in southern Brazil

The causal agents of apple bull’s-eye rot in southern Brazil have recently been described as Neofabraea actinidiae and N. brasiliensis. Isolates of both species were evaluated for response of mycelial growth index (MGI) to different temperatures, enzyme production, mycelial growth inhibition and effective concentrations (EC50 and EC100) of the fungicides triflumizole, pyrimethanil and thiophanate methyl, as well as aggressiveness on fruits of ‘Fuji’ hybrid and ‘Pink Lady’. There was significantly lower mycelium growth in N. brasiliensis compared with N. actinidiae at all temperatures tested. Neither species grew at 3 and 32°C. There were minor differences in production of enzymes in the two species, with all N. brasiliensis isolates showing no production of pectolyase at pH 7. The lowest EC50 and EC100 values were observed with thiophanate methyl. In general, ‘Fuji’ fruits were more susceptible to Neofabraea infection and had larger lesions, while N. brasiliensis isolates showed greater aggressiveness on ‘Fuji’ hybrid and ‘Pink lady’ fruits compared with N. actinidiae. Dans le sud du Brésil, les agents causaux du chancre gloésporien de la pomme ont récemment été décrits comme étant Neofabraea actinidiae et N. brasiliensis. Des isolats des deux espèces ont été évalués en fonction de la réaction de l’indice de croissance mycélienne à différentes températures, de la production enzymatique, de l’inhibition de la croissance mycélienne et des concentrations efficaces (CE50 et CE100) des fongicides triflumizole, pyriméthanil et triophanate méthyle, ainsi qu’en fonction de leur agressivité à l’égard de la pomme hybride Fuji et de la Pink Lady. La croissance mycélienne chez N. brasiliensis était considérablement plus faible que chez N. actinidiae, et ce, à toutes les températures testées. Aucune espèce ne s’est développée à 3 ou à 32°C. Chez les deux espèces, il y a eu de petites différences quant à la production enzymatique, tous les isolats de N. brasiliensis n’affichant aucune production de pectolyase à pH 7. Les plus faibles valeurs de CE50 et de CE100 observées ont été celles du triophanate méthyle. Dans l’ensemble, les Fuji étaient plus sujettes à l’infection causée par Neofabraea et affichaient des lésions plus étendues, tandis que les isolats de N. brasiliensis étaient plus agressifs à l’égard de l’hybride Fuji et de la Pink Lady que ceux de N. actinidiae

Characterization of Neofabraea actinidiae and N. brasiliensis as causal agents of apple bull's-eye rot in southern Brazil.

The causal agents of apple bull?s-eye rot in southern Brazil have recently been described as Neofabraea actinidiae and N. brasiliensis. Isolates of both species were evaluated for response of mycelial growth index (MGI) to different temperatures, enzyme production, mycelial growth inhibition and effective concentrations (EC 50 and EC 100 ) of the fungicides tri fl umizole, pyrimethanil and thiophanate methyl, as well as aggres- siveness on fruits of "Fuji " hybrid and " Pink Lady " . There was signi ficantly lower mycelium growth in N. brasiliensis compared with N. actinidiae at all temperatures tested. Neither species grew at 3 and 32°C. There were minor differences in production of enzymes in the two species, with all N. brasiliensis isolates showing no production of pectolyase at pH 7. The lowest EC 50 and EC 100 values were observed with thiophanate methyl. In general, " Fuji " fruits were more susceptible to Neofabraea infection and had larger lesions, while N. brasiliensis isolates showed greater aggressiveness on " Fuji " hybrid and " Pink lady " fruits compared with N. actinidiae

Optimal conditions for conidial germination and infection of European pear leaves by Diplocarpon mespili.

The epidemiology of Entomosporium leaf spot (ELS) affecting European pear is poorly understood, which limits the development of an effective management strategy. In vitro assays were conducted to study the effect of temperature levels (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 °C) on Diplocarpon mespili conidial germination evaluated at different incubation times (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, and 48 h). Inoculation experiments were conducted to assess the effect of leaf wetness duration (0, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h) under constant temperature (20 °C) on ELS disease severity on leaves of cultivar ?Rocha?. The temperature × time interaction significantly affected conidial germination in both experiments and a response surface model was fitted to percent conidial germination data. The optimal temperature for conidial germination was estimated at 20 °C. The incubation period was estimated at 4 days for all leaf wetness durations, excepting the ?zero? duration for which no infection occurred. A minimum of 6 h of leaf wetness duration was required for D. mespili infection. Severity reached maximum values after 24 h of leaf wetness duration. A linear regression model described ELS severity increase over time in the absence of reinfection conditions and a monomolecular model described the increase of disease severity influenced by leaf wetness duration in both experiments

USE OF GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY ORAL CHROMA™ IN THE ASSESSMENT OF VOLATILE SULFUR COMPOUNDS FOR BREATH’S ANALYSIS IN ORAL AND GASTRIC AFFECTION

Introduction: Breathomics (Breath-based metabolomics) is a new biotechnology approach that allow us to diagnose some human diseases by the oral breath analysis.The method is based on the identi#cation and quanti#cation of volatile organic compound (VOC) in breath, by a new portable gas chromatography’s tools such as Oral Chroma®. This instrument is able to detect and quantify three different volatile sulfur compounds, VSC ( H2S, CH3S ,(CH3)2S) in 5 ml of oral breath, in fast time and with good analytical accuracy. In addition, different authors recently have been described as a comparative analysis of VSC could be useful in the diagnosis of different oral or systemic diseases such as: (i) oral tongue halitosis or/and gastric affection such as Helicobacter pylori infectio

Unsupervised Learning of Category-Specific Symmetric 3D Keypoints from Point Sets

Automatic discovery of category-specific 3D keypoints from a collection of objects of a category is a challenging problem. The difficulty is added when objects are represented by 3D point clouds, with variations in shape and semantic parts and unknown coordinate frames. We define keypoints to be category-specific, if they meaningfully represent objects’ shape and their correspondences can be simply established order-wise across all objects. This paper aims at learning such 3D keypoints, in an unsupervised manner, using a collection of misaligned 3D point clouds of objects from an unknown category. In order to do so, we model shapes defined by the keypoints, within a category, using the symmetric linear basis shapes without assuming the plane of symmetry to be known. The usage of symmetry prior leads us to learn stable keypoints suitable for higher misalignments. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work on learning such keypoints directly from 3D point clouds for a general category. Using objects from four benchmark datasets, we demonstrate the quality of our learned keypoints by quantitative and qualitative evaluations. Our experiments also show that the keypoints discovered by our method are geometrically and semantically consistent

Evaluating the quality of social work supervision in UK children's services: comparing self-report and independent observations

Understanding how different forms of supervision support good social work practice and improve outcomes for people who use services is nearly impossible without reliable and valid evaluative measures. Yet the question of how best to evaluate the quality of supervision in different contexts is a complicated and as-yet-unsolved challenge. In this study, we observed 12 social work supervisors in a simulated supervision session offering support and guidance to an actor playing the part of an inexperienced social worker facing a casework-related crisis. A team of researchers analyzed these sessions using a customized skills-based coding framework. In addition, 19 social workers completed a questionnaire about their supervision experiences as provided by the same 12 supervisors. According to the coding framework, the supervisors demonstrated relatively modest skill levels, and we found low correlations among different skills. In contrast, according to the questionnaire data, supervisors had relatively high skill levels, and we found high correlations among different skills. The findings imply that although self-report remains the simplest way to evaluate supervision quality, other approaches are possible and may provide a different perspective. However, developing a reliable independent measure of supervision quality remains a noteworthy challenge