Construction of \u27Survival Act\u27 and \u27Death Act\u27 in Michigan

It is known as the Death Act. It was enacted in i848, amended in 1873, and follows closely Lord Campbell\u27s Act. In the, construction of these acts, troublesome questions have arisen, difficulties have been encountered, different theories urged, different views entertained, different conclusions reached, and different opinions rendered, respecting the number of actions that can be maintained under them, the circumstances that invoke one rather than the other, the measure of damages applicable, respectively, and certain questions of practice as to the joinder of counts and the amendment of pleadings. The statement would hardly he justified that all these questions have finally been settled in this state; some of them undoubtedly are closed; others perhaps remain, open. The cases are numerous, but the limits of this article allow reference to a few of them only

Construction of \u27Survival Act\u27 and \u27Death Act\u27 in Michigan

It is known as the Death Act. It was enacted in i848, amended in 1873, and follows closely Lord Campbell\u27s Act. In the, construction of these acts, troublesome questions have arisen, difficulties have been encountered, different theories urged, different views entertained, different conclusions reached, and different opinions rendered, respecting the number of actions that can be maintained under them, the circumstances that invoke one rather than the other, the measure of damages applicable, respectively, and certain questions of practice as to the joinder of counts and the amendment of pleadings. The statement would hardly he justified that all these questions have finally been settled in this state; some of them undoubtedly are closed; others perhaps remain, open. The cases are numerous, but the limits of this article allow reference to a few of them only

Dating Violence in College

Within this research paper, I explored the idea surrounding what domestic violence occurs on college campuses, and how prevalent the issue truly is. When I was doing my research, I came across many different statistics across the board; however, I essentially never saw them as concrete numbers of precisely how much occurs on college campuses. Rather, I saw these numbers as only estimates because crimes that fall under the domestic violence spectrum are typically some of the most underreported crimes. I also looked into the research not inly n college campuses, but more on a national scale as well. When looking at domestic violence on a much larger scale, I looked into different impacts that it has on its victim, and realized that it isn’t just an issue of physical and mental impacts, but also an economic one as well. I also looked at two research studies that were done on the issue, one qualitative and the other quantitative to get two different viewpoints on the issue. My research also goes in depth on the interconnections that there are between gender and crime and answers questions along the lines of why certain genders commit the crimes that they do. And lastly, I had researched some solutions to the issue, which includes discussing what different foundations such as the One Love Foundation and The Kristen Mitchell Foundation do in helping prevent further domestic violence altercations to occur, especially within relationships

A simulation tool for analysis and design of reverse electrodialysis using concentrated brines

Reverse Electrodialysis (SGP-RE or RED) represents a viable technology for the conversion of the Salinity Gradient Power into electric power. A comprehensive model is proposed for the RED process using sea or brackish water and concentrated brine as feed solutions. The goals were (i) reliably describing the physical phenomena involved in the process and (ii) providing information for optimal equipment design. For such purposes, the model has been developed at two different scales of description: a lower scale for the repeating unit of the system (cell pair), and a higher scale for the entire equipment (stack). The model was implemented in a process simulator, validated against original experimental information and then used to investigate the influence of the main operating factors and on power output. Feed solutions of different salinities were also tested. A good matching was found between predictions and experiments for a wide range of inlet concentrations, flow rates and feed temperatures. Optimal feed conditions, for the adopted system geometry and membranes, have been found employing brackish water (0.08-0.1 M NaCl) as dilute and brine (4.5-5 M NaCl) as concentrate to generate the highest power density at 40\ub0C temperature. The model can be used to explore the full potential of the RED technology, especially for any investigation regarding the future scale-up of the process

Economic Benefits of Waste Pickling Solution Valorization

An integrated hybrid membrane process, composed of a diffusion dialysis (DD), a membrane distillation (MD) and a reactive precipitation unit (CSTR), is proposed as a promising solution for the valorization and onsite recycling of pickling waste streams. An economic analysis was performed aiming to demonstrate the feasibility of the developed process with a NPV of about EUR 40,000 and a DPBP of 4 years. The investment and operating costs, as well as the avoided costs and the benefits for the company operating the plant, were analyzed with an extensive cost tracking exercise and through face-to-face contact with manufacturers and sector leaders. A mathematical model was implemented using the gPROMS modelling platform. It is able to simulate steady state operations and run optimization analysis of the process performance. The impact of key operating and design parameters, such as the set-point bath concentration and the DD and MD membrane areas, respectively, was investigated and the optimal arrangement was identified. Finally, operating variables and design parameters were optimized simultaneously in a nonlinear framework as a tradeoff between profitability and environmental impact. We show how the integration of new technologies into the traditional pickling industry could provide a significant benefit for the issues of process sustainability, which are currently pressing

Multi-scale modelling of an electrodialysis with bipolar membranes pilot plant and economic evaluation of its potential

Sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid are widely used chemicals in different industrial sectors. To minimize costs and risks associated with transportation, handling and storage, these hazardous chemicals can be produced in situ employing electrodialysis with bipolar membranes (EDBM). This work presents a multi-scale model capable of simulating large scale EDBM units with complex stack configuration (i.e., internal staging) that can be used to design and optimize the process. The model was validated in two different process configurations using experimental results obtained from an EDBM pilot plant. Discrepancies between model and experimental results in the range of 2–11 % were obtained. The validated model was used to conduct a techno-economic evaluation adopting the feed and bleed configuration. Results show that current efficiency increases as the current density rises. At 600 A m−2, values of current efficiency between 72 % and 96 % were found for sodium hydroxide concentration in the range of 0.5–1 mol L−1. The levelized cost of sodium hydroxide (LCoNaOH) was evaluated, in the same range of concentrations, demonstrating that values between 280 and 370 € ton−1 can be obtained, fixing the electricity prince (0.1 kWh kg−1) and the triplet specific cost (600 US$m−2). Moreover, assuming a reduced cost of electricity and triplet to 0.05 kWh kg−1 and 300 US$ m−2, respectively, an absolute minimum of 140 € ton−1 was found for the target 0.5 mol L−1. A double stage EDBM configuration was simulated to show the scale-up potentials of the multi-scale model. A reduction in the LcoNaOH of 10 % was obtained for a target concentration of 1 mol L−1. These results prove the attractiveness of the EDBM technology for producing in situ chemicals

Plugging and Abandonment Plan for Wells and Coreholes at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee

Site environmental characterization and remediation require data obtained from the installation and sampling of wells and coreholes. When these wells and coreholes are no longer needed, are not producing reliable information, or are damaged and can act as conduits for contaminant migration, they should be identified and properly decommissioned. This is most important for wells of sufficient depth to create the potential for exchange of fluids between different hydrologic units. This plan presents the strategy and detailed approach for the well and corehole P A plan for most of the areas for which ORNL has responsibility. Although wells in Waste Area Grouping (WAG) 5 and WAG 10 are not specifically addressed in this plan, these wells will be incorporated into the decommissioning program in FY 1993