Compte-rendu et premiers dépouillements de la mission ECOSIG

Les objectifs affichés de cette mission qui s'est déroulée les 25 et 26 août 1985 à bord du CYROS étaient les suivants : - effectuer la recette d'une source sismique de type sparker (SIG 1580) - réaliser des enregistrements sismiques analogiques en vue d'une numérisation à terre pour effectuer des traitements - entreprendre une reconnaissance sismique préliminaire sur le site retenu pour l'implantation du phare d'Ouessant (Aide Majeure à la Navigation), ceci pour préparer la mission DERO-GM de 1986. Ce dernier objectif qui était lié aux conditions météorologiques n'a pu être réalisé, compte-tenu du peu de temps imparti pour cette missio

Severe Extra-Cerebral Anticoagulant-Related Bleeding in Intensive Care Unit

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Sensitivity to biases of case-control studies on medical procedures, particularly surgery and blood transfusion, and risk of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

BACKGROUND: <br/> Evidence of risk of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) associated with medical procedures, including surgery and blood transfusion, is limited by susceptibility to bias in epidemiological studies.<br/> METHODS: <br/> Sensitivity to bias was explored using a central-birth-cohort model using data from 18 case-control studies obtained after a review of 494 reports on medical procedures and risk of CJD, systematic for the period January 1, 1989 to December 31, 2011. <br/>RESULTS:<br/> The validity of the findings in these studies may have been undermined by: recall; control selection; exposure assessment in life-time periods of different duration, out of time-at-risk of effect, or asymmetry in case/control data; and confounding by concomitant blood transfusion at the time of surgery. For sporadic CJD (sCJD), a history of surgery or blood transfusion was associated with risk in some, but not all, recent studies at a ≥10 year lag time, when controls were longitudinally sampled. Space-time aggregation of surgical events was not seen. Surgery at early clinical onset might be overrepresented among cases. Neither surgical history nor blood transfusion unlabelled for donor status, dental treatments or endoscopic examinations were linked to variant CJD (vCJD).<br/> CONCLUSIONS:<br/> These results indicate the need for further research. Common challenges within these studies include access to and content of past medical/dental treatment records for diseases with long incubation periods

Two years after pandemic influenza A/2009/H1N1: What have we learned?

The world had been anticipating another influenza pandemic since the last one in 1968. The pandemic influenza A H1N1 2009 virus (A/2009/H1N1) finally arrived, causing the first pandemic influenza of the new millennium, which has affected over 214 countries and caused over 18,449 deaths. Because of the persistent threat from the A/H5N1 virus since 1997 and the outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus in 2003, medical and scientific communities have been more prepared in mindset and infrastructure. This preparedness has allowed for rapid and effective research on the epidemiological, clinical, pathological, immunological, virological, and other basic scientific aspects of the disease, with impacts on its control. A PubMed search using the keywords "pandemic influenza virus H1N1 2009" yielded over 2,500 publications, which markedly exceeded the number published on previous pandemics. Only representative works with relevance to clinical microbiology and infectious diseases are reviewed in this article. A significant increase in the understanding of this virus and the disease within such a short amount of time has allowed for the timely development of diagnostic tests, treatments, and preventive measures. These findings could prove useful for future randomized controlled clinical trials and the epidemiological control of future pandemics. © 2012, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.link_to_subscribed_fulltex