Novel String Banana Template Method of Track Reconstruction for high Multiplicity Events with Significant Multiple Scattering

Novel String Banana Template Method (SBTM) for track reconstruction in high multiplicity events in non-uniform magnetic field spectrometer with emphasis on the lowest momenta tracks with significant Multiple Scattering (MS) is described. Two steps model of track with additional parameter/s which takes into account MS for this particular track is introduced. SBTM is time efficient and demonstrates better resolutions than another method equivalent to the Least Squares method (LSM).Comment: 3 pages, 3 figures, DPF2004 Proceeding, International Journal of Modern Physics

Allosteric modulators targeting CNS muscarinic receptors

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors are G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) which are broadly expressed in the central nervous system (CNS) and other tissues in the periphery. They emerge as important drug targets for a number of diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and schizophrenia. Muscarinic receptors are divided into five subtypes (M1-M5) of which M1-M4 have been crystalized. All subtypes possess at least one allosteric binding site which is located in the extracellular region of the receptor on top of the ACh (i.e. orthosteric) binding site. The former can be specifically targeted by chemical compounds (mostly small molecules) and binding of such allosteric modulators affects the affinity and/or efficacy of orthosteric ligands. This allows highly specific modulation of GPCR function and, from a drug discovery point of view, may be advantageous in terms of subtype selectivity and biased signaling. There is a plethora of allosteric modulators for all five muscarinic receptor subtypes. This review presents the basic principles of allosteric modulation of GPCRs on both the molecular and structural level focusing on allosteric modulators of the muscarinic receptor family. Further we discuss dualsteric (i.e. bitopic orthosteric/allosteric) ligands emphasizing their potential in modulating muscarinic receptor dynamics and signaling. The common mechanisms of muscarinic receptor allosteric modulation have been proven to be generalizable and are at play at many, if not all GPCRs. Given this paradigmatic role of muscarinic receptors we suggest that also new developments in muscarinic allosteric modulation may also be extended to other members of the GPCR superfamily

A paradox of syntactic priming: why response tendencies show priming for passives, and response latencies show priming for actives

Speakers tend to repeat syntactic structures across sentences, a phenomenon called syntactic priming. Although it has been suggested that repeating syntactic structures should result in speeded responses, previous research has focused on effects in response tendencies. We investigated syntactic priming effects simultaneously in response tendencies and response latencies for active and passive transitive sentences in a picture description task. In Experiment 1, there were priming effects in response tendencies for passives and in response latencies for actives. However, when participants' pre-existing preference for actives was altered in Experiment 2, syntactic priming occurred for both actives and passives in response tendencies as well as in response latencies. This is the first investigation of the effects of structure frequency on both response tendencies and latencies in syntactic priming. We discuss the implications of these data for current theories of syntactic processing

The efficacy of halofantrine in the treatment of acute malaria in nonimmune travelers

A multicenter prospective trial was performed to investigate the efficacy and the tolerability of halofantrine in nonimmune patients with malaria imported from areas with drug-resistant falciparum parasites (mainly Africa). Forty-five of the 74 subjects were treated with a one-day regimen (3 x 500 mg) of halofantrine, and the other 29 received the same regimen with an additional treatment on day 7. In the second group, a 100% efficacy rate was demonstrated, but in the group receiving the one-day regimen, four recrudescences were observed in patients with falciparum malaria. Only five mild adverse reactions were seen, which disappeared spontaneously after the end of the treatment. We conclude that halofantrine is highly effective in curing malaria in nonimmune subjects. The treatment scheme for such persons should include an additional treatment on day 7 for nonimmune individuals. This drug was well tolerated in our patients, indicating that halofantrine will be useful in the treatment of multidrug-resistant malaria in nonimmune persons

Rosette and Early Leaf Spot Diseases: A Review of Research Progress, 1984/85

Observations made over 2 years on the patterns of spread of groundnut rosette virus (GRV) within fields suggested that primary infections originated from a migration of infective vectors that occurred within days of plant emergence, and that significant radial spread was from these point sources of infection only. Such conditions were simulated in the establishment of a GRV resistance screening nursery in which a disease incidence of about 90% was induced. Preliminary studies of the inheritance of resistance to GRV confirmed that it is governed by recessive genes and an approximate ratio of 15 susceptible plants to 1 resistant plant in progenies of resistant x susceptible crosses. Grafting experiments indicated that the GRV-resistant cultivar RG 1 is immune to vector inoculation of GRV and also demonstrated symptomless systemic infection. Aphis craccivora Koch vector of GRV was trapped in low numbers throughout the dry season, suggesting the presence of local resident populations. Dry-season aphid activity was greater in central than in southern Malawi. At one site in October, GRV occurred before the onset of the rains. In preliminary studies of early leaf spot (Cercospora arachidicola), the number of leaflets retained were counted at 70 and 88 days after sowing on a range of genotypes. Highest yielding line of sequentially branched types retained more leaflets than control varieties, but so did a small number of poorer-yielding entries. Leaf retention among alternately branched types was apparently more uniform

Numerical experiments with Bergman kernel functions in 2 and 3 dimensional cases

Pub. Int. CMAT, 1 (2003)In this paper we revisit the so-called Bergman kernel method - BKM- for solving conformal mapping problems and propose a generalized BKM-approach to extend the theory to 3-dimensional mapping problems. A special software package for quaternions was developed for the numerical experiments