Induction of epstein-barr virus (EBV) lytic cycle in vitro causes lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation and DNA damage in lymphoblastoid B cell lines

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>We investigated the oxidative modifications of lipids, proteins and DNA, potential molecular targets of oxidative stress, in two lymphoblastoid cell lines: B95-8 and Raji, after EBV lytic cycle induction. Conjugated dienes level was measured as biomarker of lipid peroxidation. Malondialdehyde adduct and protein carbonyl levels, as well as protein thiol levels were measured as biomarkers of protein oxidation. DNA fragmentation was evaluated as biomarker of DNA oxidation.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>After 48 h (peak of lytic cycle), a significant increase in conjugated dienes level was observed in B95-8 and Raji cell lines (p = 0.0001 and p = 0.019 respectively). Malondialdehyde adduct, protein carbonyl levels were increased in B95-8 and Raji cell lines after EBV lytic cycle induction as compared to controls (MDA-adduct: p = 0.008 and p = 0.006 respectively; Carbonyl: p = 0.003 and p = 0.0039 respectively). Proteins thiol levels were decreased by induction in B95-8 and Raji cell lines (p = 0.046; p = 0.002 respectively). DNA fragmentation was also detected in B95-8 and Raji cell lines after EBV lytic cycle induction as compared to controls.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The results of this study demonstrate the presence of increased combined oxidative modifications in lipids, proteins in B95-8 and Raji cells lines after EBV lytic cycle induction. These results suggest that lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation and DNA fragmentation are generally induced during EBV lytic cycle induction and probably contribute to the cytopathic effect of EBV.</p

Antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of inflorescence of Ormenis Africana in vitro and in cell cultures

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The antioxidant potency of the hydroethanolic extract of <it>Ormenis Africana </it>(HEOA), Asteraceae was evaluated with regards to total polyphenol, flavonoid and anthocyanins content. Antioxidant activity has been assessed chemically and biologically. First, the free radical scavenging ability of HEOA was evaluated using two commonly in vitro tests: ABTS and DPPH radicals. Then, the protection effect of this extract against oxidative stress was conducted in HeLa cells treated with Fe²⁺or H₂O_2.Oxidative stress was evaluated by measuring the lipid peroxidation levels (TBARs and DC) and the antioxidant enzymes activities (catalase and Superoxide dismutase). Cytotoxic effect of HEOA was prealably determined against HeLa cell line by MTT assay.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>HEOA contain considerable levels of antioxidant compound as evidenced by high amount of polyphenols (312.07 mg GAE/g dray matter), flavonoids (73.72 ± 1.98 mg QE/g dray matterl) and anthocyanins (0.28 ± 0.09 mg Cy-3-glu E/g dray matter). DPPH and ABTS assays showed a high antioxidant activity (IC₅₀= 24 μg/ml; TEAC = 2.137 mM) which was comparable to BHT.</p> <p>In biological system, HEOA exhibited a 50% cytotoxic concentration evaluated as 16.52 μg/ml. Incubation of HeLa cell line with no cytotoxic concentrations resulted in a remarkable protection from oxidative stress induced by Fe²⁺or H₂O₂which was evidenced by a decrease of MDA and CD levels as well as a diminution of antioxidant enzymes activities (Catalase and SOD) as compared to cells treated with Fe²⁺or H₂O₂alone.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The hydroethanolic extract of <it>O. Africana </it>could thus be considered as a source of potential antioxidants. The results of this study will promote the reasonable usage of this plant in food and pharmacy industries as well as in alternative medicine and natural therapy.</p

Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization, Psychological, and Psychiatric Studies in Children With Supravalvular Aortic Stenosis

International audienceObjective. To estimate the frequency and investigate the clinical features of 7q11.23 microdeletion in unselected patients with supravalvular aortic stenosis, a total of 7 patients originating from the south of Tunisia were evaluated prospectively by molecular cytogenetic studies. Methods. The clinical analysis was performed according to a specific clinical protocol for the diagnosis of congenital cardiovascular malformations. Cytogenetic analysis with RHG banding was used to detect chromosome rearrangements. Cytogenetic molecular analysis was undertaken using one probe: LSI Williams-Beuren Syndrome (WBS) region probe D7S486/D7S522. For the 3 patients carrying a 7q11.2 microdeletion, psychological and psychiatric tests were performed. Results.-All patients had normal karyotype 46,XX or 46,XY. Three patients were found to have a 7q11.2 deletion, whereas all of them had clinically typical WBS features. Conclusions: The clinical observation noted in this study emphasizes the need for more detailed phenotypic studies in patients and their families, We have seen a wide range of phenotypes associated with a deletion at the elastin locus in this series

In vitro biological properties and health benefits of a novel sulfated polysaccharide isolated from Cymodocea nodosa

Abstract Background During the last few decades, there has been a growing interest in the search for novel bioactive compounds from marine origins. Methods The present study is the first to determine the molecular characterization which it was deposited in the genebank database, to investigate and evaluate the biological properties of sulfated polysaccharide from Cymodocea nodosa (CNSP) seagrass. Results The results revealed that CNSP had high activity in total antioxidant assay (59.03 mg ascorbic acid equivalents/g extract), reducing power (OD = 0.3), DPPH radical scavenging (IC50 = 1.22 mg/ml) and ABTS radical scavenging (IC50 = 1.14 mg/ml). It was also noted to exhibit antimicrobial activity against a wide range of microorganisms, with important inhibition zones. The results revealed that CNSP was able to inhibit the proliferation of Hela cell lines with a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion Overall, the results presented in this study demonstrate that CNSP has several attractive antioxidant, antimicrobial and antiproliferative properties with potential benefits towards health

Oxidative stress markers in intestinal mucosa of Tunisian inflammatory bowel disease patients

Background / Aims: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), Crohn′s disease (CrD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are chronic gastrointestinal inflammatory disorders. The precise etiology of IBD remains unclear, and it is thought that interactions among various factors, including, genetic factors, the host immune system and environmental factors, cause disruption of intestinal homeostasis, leading to dysregulated inflammatory responses of the gut. As inflammation is intimately related to formation of reactive intermediates, including, reactive oxygen species, oxidative stress has been proposed as a mechanism underlying the pathophysiology of IBD. The purpose of this study is to examine the lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation and anti-oxidative profile in Tunisian IBD. Materials and Methods: Malondialdehyde (MDA), conjugated dienes (CD), protein thiol levels, as well as the catalase (CAT) activity were evaluated in intestinal biopsies of 17 patients affected by IBD (12 CrD and 5 UC) and 12 healthy control individuals. Results: Oxidative stress was confirmed in these two types of disease biopsies as compared to controls. MDA and CD levels were significantly increased in both UC and CrD patients′ biopsies as compared to controls′ biopsies ( P 0.05). Anon-significant decrease in thiol (SH) level was observed in both UC and CrD patients′ biopsies compared with controls′ biopsies ( P > 0.05). Conclusion: Increased levels of MDA and CD in IBD patients′ biopsies underline the implication of oxidative stress in the physiopathology of IBD

Lipid peroxidation, proteins modifications, anti-oxidant enzymes activities and selenium deficiency in the plasma of hashitoxicosis patients

Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the oxidative stress profile in hashitoxicosis (HTX) and to compare it with that of healthy subjects. Patients and methods: Spectrophotometric methods were used to evaluate the oxidative stress markers. The selenium level was investigated by atomic absorption. Results: High levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) and conjugated dienes were found in HTX patients ( p = 0.034 and p = 0.043, respectively) compared with healthy controls. For antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities increased, whereas that of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) decreased ( p = 0.000, p = 0.014, p = 0.000, respectively) compared with controls. A reduction in the level of selenium ( p = 0.029) and thiol groups ( p = 0.008) were shown in patients; however, levels of carbonyl group and malondialdehyde (MDA) protein adducts decreased ( p = 0.000) compared with controls. Positive correlation was shown between levels of free thyroxine (FT4) and TBARS ( r = 0.711, p = 0.048) and between FT4 level and SOD activity ( r = 0.713, p = 0.047). Conversely, GPx activity presented a negative correlation with FT4 and free triiodothyronine (FT3) levels ( r = –0.934, p = 0.001; r = –0.993, p = 0.000, respectively). In addition, GPx activity showed positive correlation with selenium level ( r = 0.981, p = 0.019) and the FT3 level correlated negatively with the level of thiol groups ( r = –0.892, p = 0.017). Conclusions: This study shows the presence of an oxidative stress and selenium deficiency in HTX patients and suggests that the hyperthyroid state is strongly implicated in the establishment of this disturbed oxidative profile