Comparative analysis of the value orientations of athletes living in a million-plus city and a small city

The article presents the results of studying the value orientations of athletes depending on their place of residence and the place of training.В статье представлены результаты изучения ценностных ориентаций спортсменов в зависимости от места их проживания и места тренировки

Significance of individual management plan for the patients with hereditary lymphangioedema during pregnancy and lactation, and in newborns

Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a genetically caused orphan disease with a high risk of developing life-threatening attacks, thus requiring availability for up-to-date information on this problem for the doctors of any specialties. A limited number of observations determine the value of the analysis for each clinical case. Many facets of clinical manifestations, a list of predisposing and triggering factors, as well as limitations of some diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms, require the development of individual management schemes under distinct clinical situations. In this paper, we present the unique clinical cases with certain limitations, describing unexpected onset of the disease in the course of pregnancy, management aspects during delivery and post-delivery periods in a women with a previously confirmed HAE diagnosis. Adapted diagnostic algorithms of postnatal diagnostic verification are presented for children with burdened genetic history. We express some assumptions about involvement of a multidisciplinary team of specialists, personalized approach to building a management plan with an “online” correction depending on observation stage of НАЕ patient

Treatment of atopic dermatitis with upadacitinib: adcare single center experience

IntroductionThe role of upadacitinib in the management of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis seems promising, but more data on its efficacy and safety are needed. This study endeavors to assess the practical impact and safety of upadacitinib in patients with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis. The study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of upadacitinib in the treatment of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis, focusing on analyzing patient responses to the treatment.MethodsIn this study, adult patients diagnosed with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis received upadacitinib at daily doses of 15 mg or 30 mg, as prescribed by their attending physicians. The therapeutic efficacy of upadacitinib was meticulously assessed using established clinical metrics. Simultaneously, a comprehensive safety assessment was conducted through monthly monitoring, including the evaluation of potential effects of upadacitinib intake on hepatic function, lipid profile, and hematopoiesis using the pertinent laboratory tests.ResultsSixteen participants were enrolled in the study. At 1month follow-up, there was a significant reduction in the mean Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) score to 18.8 points, which further increased to 24 points at the 4-month mark. Additionally, 9 participants (56%) demonstrated an EASI-50 response after 1 month of treatment, with this response increasing to 9 participants (90%) after 4 months. Furthermore, enhanced therapeutic responses were observed at 4 months, with 6 patients (38%) achieving an EASI-75 response at 1month and 8 patients (80%) achieving this milestone at the 4-month follow-up. This study highlights the potential of upadacitinib as an effective treatment option for moderate to severe atopic dermatitis. While it demonstrates improved symptom management, close monitoring for potential adverse events, particularly infections and the known risks of Janus kinase inhibitors, is essential. Further research is essential to determine the long-term safety and efficacy of upadacitinib

МАГНИТНО-РЕЗОНАНСНАЯ ТОМОГРАФИЯ С КОНТРАСТНЫМ УСИЛЕНИЕМ КАК МЕТОД ВИЗУАЛИЗАЦИИ АТЕРОСКЛЕРОТИЧЕСКОГО ПОРАЖЕНИЯ СТЕНКИ АОРТЫ

The article describes patterns of paramagnetic contrast enhanced MR tomographic imaging of atherosclerotic lesions of aorta in patients with extensive atherosclerosis and previous acute myocardial infarction.The purpose. We have analyzed MR tomographic imaging features of atherosclerotic lesions of the aorta, with a paramagnetic contrast enhancement, in patients with extensive atherosclerosis and old acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Materials and methods. The patients population comprised 24 patients with multiple atherosclerosis and old transmural AMI of the left ventricle. As control group eight patients with tumor pathology of the thorax were employed, without evidence of clinically significant atherosclerosis, of the same age range. All patients underwent contrast-enhanced study (paramagnetic in standard dose of 0,1 mmol / kg BW) and index of enhancement (IE) of T1-weighted images was calculated as the ratio of intensities over the aortic wall on contrast and initial MRI studies.Results and discussion. In patients with extensive atherosclerosis and old AMI IE of the atherosclerotic lesions in the aortic wall in all cases was over 1,14 (mean 1,19±0,06), far more than increasing of intensity in the control group. Types of accumulation of contrast paramagnetic was assigned as a local or diffuse accumulation syndrome, depending on the length and circularity of the lesions. In the control group no significant accumulation of contrast paramagnetic material in the aortic wall was observed, IE did not exceed 1.04 (mean 1,01±0,02).Conclusion. Contrast-enhanced MRI allows to visually and quantitatively assess pathology of aortic wall in atherosclerosis.В статье представлена картина МР-томографической визуализации атеросклеротических изменений аорты у пациентов с распространенным атеросклерозом и перенесенным острым инфарктом миокарда при контрастировании парамагнетиком.Цель. Изучить картину МР-томографической визуализации атеросклеротических поражений аорты при парамагнитном контрастировании у пациентов с распространенным атеросклерозом и перенесенным острым инфарктом миокарда (ОИМ).Материалы и методы. В исследование были включены 24 пациента с распространенным атеросклерозом и перенесенным трансмуральным ОИМ левого желудочка. В качестве контрольных обследованных в исследование включены восемь пациентов с опухолевой патологией органов грудной клетки (ОГК) без признаков клинически значимого атеросклероза того же возрастного диапазона. Всем пациентам проведено контрастированое исследование с введением парамагнетика в стандартной дозе 0,1 ммоль/1 кг массы тела и рассчитан индекс усиления Т1-взв. изображения как отношение интенсивности области стенки аорты на контрастированном и исходном МРТ-исследовании.Результаты. У пациентов с распространенным атеросклерозом и перенесенным ОИМ наблюдалось достоверно превосходящее показатели контрольных лиц усиление интенсивности сигнала в атеросклеротически измененной стенке аорты при введении контраста-парамагнетика, значение ИУ во всех случаях было больше 1,14 (среднее значение – 1,19±0,06). Характер накопления контраста-парамагнетика в зависимости от протяженности и циркулярности поражения визуализируется как локально-очаговый либо диффузно-распространенный тип аккумуляции. В контрольной группе было отмечено отсутствие значимого накопления контраста парамагнетика в стенке аорты, ИУ не превышал 1,04 (среднее значение – 1,01±0,02).Заключение. Контрастированная МРТ позволяет визуально и количественно оценить патологическое поражение аортальной стенки при атеросклерозе

Discovery of strongly variable X-ray polarization in the neutron star low-mass X-ray binary transient XTE J1701-462

CONTEXT: After about 16 years since its first outburst, the transient neutron star low-mass X-ray binary XTE J1701−462 turned on again in September 2022, allowing for the first study of its X-ray polarimetric characteristics by a dedicated observing program with the Imaging X-ray Polarimeter Explorer (IXPE). AIMS: Polarimetric studies of XTE J1701−462 have been expected to improve our understanding of accreting weakly magnetized neutron stars, in particular, the physics and the geometry of the hot inner regions close to the compact object. METHOD: The IXPE data of two triggered observations were analyzed using time-resolved spectroscopic and polarimetric techniques, following the source along its Z-track of the color–color diagram. RESULTS: During the first pointing on 2022 September 29, an average 2–8 keV polarization degree of (4.6 ± 0.4)% was measured, the highest value found up to now for this class of sources. Conversely, only a ∼0.6% average degree was obtained during the second pointing ten days later. CONCLUSIONS: The polarimetric signal appears to be strictly related to the higher energy blackbody component associated with the boundary layer (BL) emission and its reflection from the inner accretion disk, and it is as strong as 6.1% and 1.2% (> 95% significant) above 3–4 keV for the two measurements, respectively. The variable polarimetric signal is apparently related to the spectral characteristics of XTE J1701−462, which is the strongest when the source was in the horizontal branch of its Z-track and the weakest in the normal branch. These IXPE results provide new important observational constraints on the physical models and geometry of the Z-sources. Here, we discuss the possible reasons for the presence of strong and variable polarization among these sources

Highly Significant Detection of X-Ray Polarization from the Brightest Accreting Neutron Star Sco X-1

The Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer measured with high significance the X-ray polarization of the brightest Z-source, Sco X-1, resulting in the nominal 2–8 keV energy band in a polarization degree of 1.0% ± 0.2% and a polarization angle of 8° ± 6° at a 90% confidence level. This observation was strictly simultaneous with observations performed by NICER, NuSTAR, and Insight-HXMT, which allowed for a precise characterization of its broadband spectrum from soft to hard X-rays. The source has been observed mainly in its soft state, with short periods of flaring. We also observed low-frequency quasiperiodic oscillations. From a spectropolarimetric analysis, we associate a polarization to the accretion disk at <3.2% at 90% confidence level, compatible with expectations for an electron scattering dominated optically thick atmosphere at the Sco X-1 inclination of ∼44°; for the higher-energy Comptonized component, we obtain a polarization of 1.3% ± 0.4%, in agreement with expectations for a slab of Thomson optical depth of ∼7 and an electron temperature of ∼3 keV. A polarization rotation with respect to previous observations by OSO-8 and PolarLight, and also with respect to the radio-jet position angle, is observed. This result may indicate a variation of the polarization with the source state that can be related to relativistic precession or a change in the corona geometry with the accretion flow

X-Ray Polarized View of the Accretion Geometry in the X-Ray Binary Circinus X-1

Cir X-1 is a neutron star X-ray binary characterized by strong variations in flux during its eccentric ∼16.6 day orbit. There are also strong variations in the spectral state, and it has historically shown both atoll and Z state properties. We observed the source with the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer during two orbital segments, 6 days apart, for a total of 263 ks. We find an X-ray polarization degree in these segments of 1.6% ± 0.3% and 1.4% ± 0.3% at polarization angles of 37° ± 5° and −12° ± 7°, respectively. Thus, we observed a rotation of the polarization angle by 49° ± 8° along the orbit. Because variations of accretion flow, and then of the hardness ratio, are expected during the orbit, we also studied the polarization binned in hardness ratio and found the polarization angle differing by 67° ± 11° between the lowest and highest values of the hardness ratio. We discuss possible interpretations of this result that could indicate a possible misalignment between the symmetry axes of the accretion disk and the Comptonizing region caused by the misalignment of the neutron star’s angular momentum with respect to the orbital one

X-Ray Polarimetry of the Dipping Accreting Neutron Star 4U 1624-49

We present the first X-ray polarimetric study of the dipping accreting neutron star 4U 1624$-$49 with the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE). We report a detection of polarization in the non-dip time intervals with a confidence level of 99.99%. We find an average polarization degree (PD) of $3.1\pm0.7$% and a polarization angle of $81\pm6$ degrees east of north in the 2-8 keV band. We report an upper limit on the PD of 22% during the X-ray dips with 95% confidence. The PD increases with energy, reaching from $3.0\pm0.9$% in the 4-6 keV band to $6\pm2$% in the 6-8 keV band. This indicates the polarization likely arises from Comptonization. The high PD observed is unlikely to be produced by Comptonization in the boundary layer or spreading layer alone. It can be produced by the addition of an extended geometrically thin slab corona covering part of the accretion disk, as assumed in previous models of dippers, and/or a reflection component from the accretion disk