5,602 research outputs found
Occupation times of intervals until last passage times for spectrally negative Levy processes
In this paper, we derive the joint Laplace transforms of occupation times
until its last passage times as well as its positions. Motivated by Baurdoux
[2], the last times before an independent exponential variable are studied. By
applying dual arguments, explicit formulas are derived in terms of new
analytical identities from Loeffen et al. [12]
Fast Multipole Method For 3-D Helmholtz Equation In Layered Media
In this paper, a fast multipole method (FMM) is proposed to compute
long-range interactions of wave sources embedded in 3-D layered media. The
layered media Green's function for the Helmholtz equation, which satisfies the
transmission conditions at material interfaces, is decomposed into a free space
component and four types of reaction field components arising from wave
reflections and transmissions through the layered media. The proposed algorithm
is a combination of the classic FMM for the free space component and FMMs
specifically designed for the four types reaction components, made possible by
new multipole expansions (MEs) and local expansions (LEs) as well as the
multipole-to-local translation (M2L) operators for the reaction field
components. { Moreover, equivalent polarization source can be defined for each
reaction component based on the convergence analysis of its ME. The FMMs for
the reaction components, implemented with the target particles and equivalent
polarization sources, are found to be much more efficient than the classic FMM
for the free space component due to the fact that the equivalent polarization
sources and the target particles are always separated by a material interface.}
As a result, the FMM algorithm developed for layered media has a similar
computational cost as that for the free space. Numerical results validate the
fast convergence of the MEs and the complexity of the FMM for
interactions of low-frequency wave sources in 3-D layered media
Exponential convergence for multipole and local expansions and their translations for sources in layered media: 2-D acoustic wave
In this paper, we will first give a derivation of the multipole expansion
(ME) and local expansion (LE) for the far field from sources in general 2-D
layered media and the multipole-to-local translation (M2L) operator by using
the generating function for Bessel functions. Then, we present a rigorous proof
of the exponential convergence of the ME, LE, and M2L for 2-D Helmholtz
equations in layered media. It is shown that the convergence of ME, LE, and M2L
for the reaction field component of the Green's function depends on a polarized
distance between the target and a polarized image of the source
Fast multipole method for 3-D Laplace equation in layered media
In this paper, a fast multipole method (FMM) is proposed for 3-D Laplace
equation in layered media. The potential due to charges embedded in layered
media is decomposed into a free space component and four types of reaction
field components, and the latter can be associated with the potential of a
polarization source defined for each type. New multipole expansions (MEs) and
local expansions (LEs), as well as the multipole to local (M2L) translation
operators are derived for the reaction components, based on which the FMMs for
reaction components are then proposed. The resulting FMM for charge
interactions in layered media is a combination of using the classic FMM for the
free space components and the new FMMs for the reaction field components. With
the help of a recurrence formula for the run-time computation of the
Sommerfeld-type integrals used in M2L translation operators, pre-computations
of a large number of tables are avoided. The new FMMs for the reaction
components are found to be much faster than the classic FMM for the free space
components due to the separation of equivalent polarization charges and the
associated target charges by a material interface. As a result, the FMM for
potential in layered media costs almost the same as the classic FMM in the free
space case. Numerical results validate the fast convergence of the MEs for the
reaction components, and the O(N) complexity of the FMM with a given truncation
number p for charge interactions in 3-D layered media.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1902.0513
Constraints on the CDM model with redshift tomography
Recently released Planck data favor a lower value of the Hubble constant and
a higher value of the fraction matter density in the standard CDM
model, which are discrepant with some of the low-redshift measurements. Within
the context of this cosmology, we examine the consistency of the estimated
values for the Hubble constant and fraction matter density with redshift
tomography. Using the SNe Ia, Hubble parameter, BAO and CMB data, which are
divided into three bins, we find no statistical evidence for any tension in the
three redshift bins, although there exists a 1.4 deviation of the
Hubble constant in the middle redshift from the one in the high redshift bin.Comment: 18 pages,3 figure
Probing the dynamical behavior of dark energy
We investigate dynamical behavior of the equation of state of dark energy
by employing the linear-spline method in the region of low redshifts
from observational data (SnIa, BAO, CMB and 12 data). The redshift is
binned and is approximated by a linear expansion of redshift in each
bin. We leave the divided points of redshift bins as free parameters of the
model, the best-fitted values of divided points will represent the turning
positions of where changes its evolving direction
significantly (if there exist such turnings in our considered region). These
turning points are natural divided points of redshift bins, and
between two nearby divided points can be well approximated by a linear
expansion of redshift. We find two turning points of in
and one turning point in , and could be oscillating
around . Moreover, we find that there is a deviation of
from -1 around in both correlated and uncorrelated estimates.Comment: Accepted by JCAP; 16 pages, 3 figure
Updated reduced CMB data and constraints on cosmological parameters
We obtain the reduced CMB data from WMAP9, WMAP9+BICEP2,
Planck+WP and Planck+WP+BICEP2 for the CDM and CDM models with or
without spatial curvature. We then use these reduced CMB data in combination
with low-redshift observations to put constraints on cosmological parameters.
We find that including BICEP2 results in a higher value of the Hubble constant
especially when the equation of state of dark energy and curvature are allowed
to vary. For the CDM model with curvature, the estimate of the Hubble
constant with Planck+WP+Lensing is inconsistent with the one derived from
Planck+WP+BICEP at about 1.3 confidence level.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1312.430
Designing Markets for Daily Deals
Daily deals platforms such as Amazon Local, Google Offers, GroupOn, and
LivingSocial have provided a new channel for merchants to directly market to
consumers. In order to maximize consumer acquisition and retention, these
platforms would like to offer deals that give good value to users. Currently,
selecting such deals is done manually; however, the large number of submarkets
and localities necessitates an automatic approach to selecting good deals and
determining merchant payments.
We approach this challenge as a market design problem. We postulate that
merchants already have a good idea of the attractiveness of their deal to
consumers as well as the amount they are willing to pay to offer their deal.
The goal is to design an auction that maximizes a combination of the revenue of
the auctioneer (platform), welfare of the bidders (merchants), and the positive
externality on a third party (the consumer), despite the asymmetry of
information about this consumer benefit. We design auctions that truthfully
elicit this information from the merchants and maximize the social welfare
objective, and we characterize the consumer welfare functions for which this
objective is truthfully implementable. We generalize this characterization to a
very broad mechanism-design setting and give examples of other applications.Comment: This is the full version of the paper appearing at WINE 2013
Proceedings of the Ninth Conference on Web and Internet Economics (WINE-13).
201
On the Secrecy Unicast Throughput Performance of NOMA Assisted Multicast-Unicast Streaming With Partial Channel Information
This paper considers a downlink single-cell non-orthogonal multiple access
(NOMA) network with uniformly deployed users, while a mixed multicast and
unicast traffic scenario is taken into account. By guaranteeing the quality of
service (QoS) of the multicast traffic, the multicast outage and secrecy
unicast throughput performance is evaluated. In particular, two types of
partial channel state information (CSI), namely the imperfect CSI and CSI based
on second order statistics (SOS), are investigated in the analytical framework.
For both two cases, the closed-form approximations for the multicast outage
probability and secrecy unicast throughput are derived except that the
approximation for the secrecy unicast throughput in SOS-based CSI only concerns
two users. As to the multicast outage probability, the simulation results
demonstrate that the NOMA scheme considered in both two cases achieves superior
performance compared to the traditional orthogonal multiple access (OMA)
scheme, while for the secrecy unicast throughput, the NOMA scheme shows great
advantages over the OMA scheme in good condition (high signal-to-noise ratio
(SNR)), but is inferior to the OMA scheme in poor condition (low SNR).
Moreover, both two cases achieve similar performance except that the NOMA
scheme with imperfect CSI obtains larger secrecy unicast throughput than that
based on SOS under high SNR condition. Finally, the provided numerical results
also confirm that the derived approximations of both two cases for the
multicast outage probability and secrecy unicast throughput match well with the
Monte Carlo simulations.Comment: 14 pages, 5 figure
A Note On Intrinsic Regularization Method
There exist certain intrinsic relations between the ultraviolet divergent
graphs and the convergent ones at the same loop order in renormalizable quantum
field theories. Whereupon we may establish a new method, the intrinsic
regularization method, to regulate those divergent graphs. In this note, we
present a proposal, the inserter proposal, to the method. The theory
and QED at the one loop order are dealt with in some detail. Inserters in the
standard model are given. Some applications to SUSY-models are also made at the
one loop order.Comment: 15 pages, LaTex, no figure
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